Examples of Control Systems
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ScribdTranslationsExamples of Control Systems
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsExamples of control systems.
Open loop.
In thecontrol systems from an open loop the output signal does not affect the
operability of the total system. As happens in a microwave oven that does not have
temperature sensor, the open loop control system manages to calculate
automatically the time and the degree of cooking.
Another clear example of an open loop control system is the system
automatic washing machines, which allows them to perform the washing cycles,
considering the time in order to preserve the control of the system.
We can also see this type of open-loop system in toasters, as already
that determine the amount of bread to execute its function, but not
they specify at what point it becomes toasted, because this process is quantified with the
time.
Power control of a microwave oven.
The command is the rotary knob with which we select the time of
on. The controller consists of a timer that turns on the
oven and it turns off when the set time is up. The actuator is a magnetron.
what produces the microwaves that heat and the system will be the glass of milk that
it heats up inside.
Power control of an electric air heater.
The command is the control we turn to achieve an average power or
full power. The controller is the switch that selects between one or two
heating resistances. The actuator is formed by the resistances
heaters and the fan. The system is the room heated by the air
hot from the heater.
Light intensity control.
The control is the potentiometer that is turned to achieve more or less
luminosity. The actuator is the power electronic circuit and the lamp that
produce light. The system is the room with more or less lighting.
Sound level control in an audio device. The instruction is the
potentiometer that moves to achieve a higher or lower sound level. The
The actuator is the amplifier and the speakers of the music system. The system is
the room and the level of sound that is achieved.
Closed loop.
Closed-loop control systems exert a feedback process that
It has the ability to transform the signal so that it is in function.
from the output signal; due to this, decision-making is not subordinate
totally at the input, but it also depends on the output.
An example of closed-loop control systems is heaters when regulating.
the water temperature, as they can perform their function, but require
information about the output before its action to try to produce the best
result. In this example, it is us who decide to what extent
we want the water. Upon making the decision, the system will continue its task, considering
our decision.
Temperature control of a refrigerator.
Temperature control in an electric oven.
Water filling control of a toilet cistern.
Assisted steering of a car or truck.
Position control of a servomechanism.
Start and stop system on an elevator floor.
Control of an automatic door opening, which opens at
presence of someone.
Examples to highlight.
Open loop: Traffic light, it does its job depending on the time it is
programmed, regardless of the variable of how many cars are passing. This
does his job on time.
Closed loop: Cooling system. It has an input of data that
It is the temperature we want, the temperature sensor makes a reading.
and the controller makes a comparison between what is desired and what is available
based on this comparison, the actuator will carry out a process either for
lower the temperature or raise it, after the action the system will read again
the data and to make a comparison. So this system depends on the
variable called "Required Temperature".
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closed loop control systems
of temperature in a, position of a
servomechanism.
Control of systems - examples and
applications
