Control task
Fatma Ahmed Hamdy Mohamed
DELL
2/25/2025
Open loop system
An open loop control system is a type of control system in which the output has no effect or
influence on the control action. This means the system does not have any feedback loop to monitor or
adjust itself based on its output. Essentially, an open loop system operates independently of the final
output.
EXAMPLE OF AN OPEN LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM
An open-loop control system, the controller, which is the timer in this scenario, sends a signal to the
washing machine to start the wash cycle. The duration of the wash cycle is predetermined and does not
take into account the condition of the clothes. There is no sensor or feedback mechanism to alert the
controller if the clothes are not clean. Regardless of the outcome, after the set time has elapsed, the
controller instructs the machine to stop. In this case, the controller is the timer and there is a lack of
sensor involvement in determining the cleanliness of the clothes, which is a clear illustration of an open
loop control system.
Closed loop system
A closed loop control system, in contrast to an open loop system, incorporates feedback to adjust its
control actions based on the output. This means the system continuously monitors its output and makes
necessary adjustments to the input control, ensuring the desired output level is maintained. This type of
system is self-adjusting and more accurate than an open loop system. An example of a closed loop
system is a thermostat-controlled heating system. The thermostat measures the room's temperature
(output) and adjusts the heating device's action (input control) to maintain a desired temperature. This
continuous checking and balancing process is what differentiates a closed loop control system from an
open loop system.
EXAMPLE OF A CLOSED LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM
An automatic electric iron provides another practical example of a closed-loop control system. In such a
system, the user sets the desired temperature for ironing different types of fabric. This becomes the
reference input for the system. During the ironing process, a thermostat sensor within the iron
measures the actual temperature of the iron's base plate (the feedback) and compares it with the
reference input.If the actual temperature exceeds the desired temperature, the system cuts off the
electric current to the heating element. Conversely, if the temperature falls below the desired level, the
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system reconnects the power. In this way, the automatic electric iron continuously monitors and adjusts
its temperature, ensuring optimal performance and preventing any damage to the fabrics.This self-
regulating process, driven by the feedback loop, underlines the key features of a closed loop control
system—accuracy, adaptability, and reliability.
Closed loop Open loop
complicated Less complicated Simplicity
affected unaffected Stability
Less cost-effective more cost-effective Cost Efficiency
Less swiftly more swiftly Speed
Immunity to Feedback
arise in the feedback loop
Issues
more accurate less accurate Accuracy
adapt to changes Can not adapt to changes Adaptability
can operate without much Can not operate without much
human intervention human intervention Automation
More efficiently Less efficiently Efficiency
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