1. What is marketing?

Can a marketer be a manufacturer, support with

relevant examples?

Marketing means finding out what people want, making the right products, and helping those
products reach people. It includes planning, pricing, promoting, and selling products or services
to satisfy customer needs and earn profit.

In simple words:
Marketing is about understanding customers and giving them what they need or want.

Can a Marketer be a Manufacturer?

Yes, a marketer can also be a manufacturer.

A manufacturer is a person or company that makes goods (like clothes, machines, food, etc.).
If this manufacturer also sells, promotes, or distributes their own products, they are doing
marketing as well.

Examples:

1. Amul
Amul makes milk, butter, cheese, etc. It also promotes and sells them through
advertisements and stores. So, Amul is both a manufacturer and a marketer.
2. Samsung
Samsung makes mobile phones and TVs (manufacturer), and it also advertises and sells
them in shops or online (marketer).
3. Local Bakery
A small bakery that bakes cakes (manufacturing) and also puts up posters, offers
discounts, and sells directly to customers (marketing).

2. Distinguish between production and product concepts.

1. Production Concept

Meaning:
The focus is on making goods in large quantity and at a low cost. It assumes that customers
will buy products that are easily available and cheap.
Focus:

 Mass production
 Efficiency
 Low cost
 Wide distribution

Example:
If a company makes a large number of affordable fans thinking people will buy them because
they are cheap and easy to find — that is the production concept.

🔹 2. Product Concept

Meaning:
The focus is on making a high-quality product. It assumes that customers will buy a product
that is better in quality, features, or performance.

Main Idea:
“Make the best product, and people will come.”

Focus:

 Quality
 Features
 Innovation
 Better performance

Example:
If a company makes smartphones with the latest camera, high-speed processor, and great design
because they believe customers want the best product — that is the product concept.

📊 Simple Table to Show the Difference

Basis Production Concept Product Concept

Main Focus Quantity and low price Quality and features
Customers want cheap and available
Assumption Customers want the best product
products
Goal Reduce cost and increase availability Improve the product
Suitable When Demand is more than supply Customers prefer better quality
High-end smartphone with best
Example Low-cost soap available everywhere
features
3. Distinguish between Marketing and selling.

1. Selling

Meaning:
Selling means convincing the customer to buy what the company has already made.

Main Idea:
“Push the product to the customer.”

Focus:

 On the product
 On completing the sale
 Short-term goal: to sell and earn money

Example:
A salesperson trying to sell soap by saying “Buy 1, Get 1 Free” is doing selling.

🔹 2. Marketing

Meaning:
Marketing means understanding what the customer needs, then making the right product,
and delivering it properly.

Main Idea:
“Understand and satisfy the customer.”

Focus:

 On customer needs
 On building long-term relationships
 Long-term goal: customer satisfaction and business growth

Example:
A company finds out that customers want natural and chemical-free soap. So, it makes such a
soap, advertises it, and sells it — that is marketing.

📊 Simple Table to Show the Difference

Basis Selling Marketing

Focus On the product On customer needs
Starts With Making the product Understanding the customer
 Basis Selling Marketing
Goal Sell what the company has Satisfy the customer’s needs
Time Approach Short-term (sell now) Long-term (customer loyalty)
Example “Buy now!” offer “Made for your skin” ad for natural soap

🎯 In Simple Words:

 Selling is just pushing the product.

 Marketing is planning from the beginning with the customer in mind.

4. ‘Customer is the king’, which philosophy follows this ideology?

The Marketing Concept believes that the success of a business depends on understanding
what the customer wants and then satisfying those needs better than others.

In this concept, the customer is the most important person. All business activities like making,
pricing, and promoting the product are done by keeping the customer in mind.

🎯 Main Idea:

"Find out what the customer wants, and give it to them."

✅ Key Features of the Marketing Concept:

 Customer is the King (most important)

 Focus is on customer satisfaction
 Long-term relationship with customers
 Profits come through happy and loyal customers

🧴 Example:

A company finds that customers want herbal shampoo without chemicals. So it creates such a
shampoo, prices it reasonably, and promotes it as safe and natural. This is the marketing
concept in action — giving customers what they want.

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS

5. Define Market? Explain the types of markets?

A market is a group of buyers and sellers of a product who interact to buy and sell that product.

🔸 Types of Markets

1. Physical Market

 A real place where buyers and sellers meet face-to-face.

 Example: Weekly bazaar, vegetable market, shopping mall.

2. Non-Physical / Virtual Market

 Buyers and sellers interact through the internet or phone.

 No need to meet in person.
 Example: Amazon, Flipkart, online shopping websites.

3. Local Market

 The buying and selling happens within a small area or city.

 Example: A bakery selling in the local town.

4. National Market

 Goods and services are sold across the whole country.

 Example: Patanjali products sold all over India.

5. International Market

 Goods and services are bought and sold between countries.

 Example: Indian companies selling tea to other countries.
6. Consumer Market

 Where goods are sold to the final consumer for personal use.
 Example: Buying a mobile phone for your own use.

7. Business Market

 Where goods are sold to other businesses, not final consumers.

 Example: A company buying machines for making clothes.

6. What is marketing? Give examples to support your answer.

Marketing is the process of understanding customer needs and providing goods or services
to satisfy those needs.

✅ Key Activities in Marketing:

1. Finding out what customers want (market research)

2. Making the right product
3. Setting the right price
4. Promoting the product (ads, offers, etc.)
5. Distributing it to customers

🔍 Examples to Support:

1. Amul
o Finds out what people want (like flavored milk, cheese, butter)
o Makes it, advertises it, and sells it across India
o This is marketing — from production to delivery
2. Apple
o Understands that people want stylish, high-tech phones
o Designs iPhones, promotes them with ads, and sells through stores
o This shows how marketing begins with customer needs
3. Local Bakery
o Listens to customers who want eggless cakes
o Starts baking and promoting eggless cakes in the local area
o This is also marketing, even at a small level
7. Marketing is not merely limited to selling of products and services.
Elaborate

What All is Included in Marketing?

1. Understanding Customer Needs

– Finding out what people want through surveys and research.
Example: A company finds that people want sugar-free biscuits.
2. Product Planning and Designing
– Making a product that matches customer needs.
Example: Making sugar-free, healthy biscuits.
3. Pricing the Product
– Setting a price that is fair for both the company and the customer.
4. Promotion
– Telling customers about the product through ads, offers, etc.
5. Distribution
– Making sure the product is available in shops or online, where people can buy it easily.
6. After-Sales Service
– Helping customers after the purchase, like solving complaints or repairs.

Marketing includes many activities, not just selling:

1. Understanding Customer Needs

 First, a company finds out what customers want.

 Example: People want sugar-free biscuits.

2. Designing the Right Product

 Then, the company makes the product according to those needs.

 Example: A bakery starts making sugar-free biscuits.

3. Setting the Right Price

 The company decides a price that is fair to customers and also gives profit.
 Example: ₹40 for a pack of sugar-free biscuits.

4. Promoting the Product

 Advertising, discounts, or social media posts to tell people about the product.
 Example: "Healthy biscuits for a healthy life!" ad on TV.

5. Distributing the Product

 Making sure the product reaches the customer easily.

  Example: Available in shops, online, or at your door.

6. After-Sales Service / Customer Feedback

 Helping customers even after buying, and improving based on their feedback.
 Example: Taking reviews and solving complaints.

8. Importance of Marketing is not merely for customers but for society and
marketer too.

1. Importance of Marketing for Customers

 Helps them know what is available: Marketing tells customers about new products
(through ads, offers, etc.).
 Offers more choices: Customers get a variety of products to choose from.
 Better products and prices: Because of competition in marketing, companies try to give
better quality at lower prices.

📌 Example: You see an ad for a new healthy drink — now you know it's available and may
choose it over sugary drinks.

🔹 2. Importance of Marketing for Marketers (Business Firms)

 Increases sales and profits: Good marketing brings more customers.

 Builds brand name: People start trusting the company through regular marketing.
 Helps understand customer needs: Businesses can make better products when they
know what customers want.

📌 Example: If a company markets well, like Amul, it becomes a trusted brand and people prefer
it over others.

🔹 3. Importance of Marketing for Society

 Creates jobs: Marketing activities (like advertising, transport, packaging) give

employment to many people.
 Improves standard of living: Marketing promotes better products like healthy food, safe
gadgets, etc.
 Encourages innovation: To attract customers, companies create better and newer
products.
📌 Example: Because of marketing, electric vehicles are becoming more popular, helping society
move toward clean energy.

9. Societal marketing is earning profits by working for society, explain and

support with examples.

Societal marketing means earning profit by doing good for society while also satisfying customer
needs.

👉 It says:
“Don’t just think about profit or customers — also think about society and the environment.”

✅ Simple Definition:

Societal marketing is a marketing idea where companies make products that give value to customers,
help society, and protect the environment — all while earning profit.

🧠 Main Focus:

1. Customer satisfaction
2. Company profit
3. Social well-being (health, safety, environment)

🧴 Examples:

1. Paper companies using recycled paper

 They sell notebooks made from recycled paper.

 Customers get useful products, company earns profit, and trees are saved.

2. Tata Motors making electric vehicles (EVs)

 EVs reduce pollution.

 Customers want eco-friendly transport.
 Tata earns profit, and the environment benefits.
3. The Body Shop (cosmetics brand)

 Does not test on animals.

 Uses natural ingredients.
 Satisfies customers and supports ethical values.