Dynamics Homework 3 – Work

and Energy
Problems from Hibbeler, Chapter 14: 7, 14, 29, 36, 45, 51,
55, 58, 69, 73, 83, 97
7. As indicated by the derivation, the principle of work and energy is valid for observers
in any inertial reference frame. Show that this is so, by considering the 10-kg block
which rests on the smooth surface and is subjected to a horizontal force of 6 N. If
observer A is in a fixed frame x, determine the final speed of the block if it has an initial
speed of 5 m/s and travels 10 m, both directed to the right and measured from the fixed
frame. Compare the result with that obtained by an observer B, attached to the axis and
moving at a constant velocity of 2 m/s relative to A. Hint: The distance the block travels
will first have to be computed for observer B before applying the principle of work and
energy.

14. The motion of a truck is arrested using a bed of loose stones AB and a set of crash
barrels BC. If experiments show that the stones provide a rolling resistance of 160 lb
per wheel and the crash barrels provide a resistance as shown in the graph, determine
the distance x the 4500-lb truck penetrates the barrels if the truck is coasting at 60 ft/s
when it approaches A. Take s = 50ft and neglect the size of the truck.
29. The 2-lb block slides down the smooth parabolic surface, such that when it is at A it
has a speed of 10 ft/s. Determine the magnitudes of the block’s velocity and
acceleration when it reaches point B, and the maximum height ymax reached by the
block.

36. Roller coasters are designed so that riders will not experience a normal force that is more
than 3.5 times their weight against the seat of the car. Determine the smallest radius of
curvature ρ of the track at its lowest point if the car has a speed of 5 ft/s at the crest of the drop.
Neglect friction.
45. The Milkin Aircraft Co. manufactures a turbojet engine that is placed in a plane having a
weight of 13000 lb. If the engine develops a constant thrust of 5200 lb, determine the power
output of the plane when it is just ready to take off with a speed of 600 mi/h.
51. The 1000-lb elevator is hoisted by the pulley system and motor M. If the motor exerts a
constant force of 500 lb on the cable, determine the power that must be supplied to the motor at
the instant the load has been hoisted s = 15 ft starting from rest. The motor has an efficiency of
ε = 0.65.
55. The elevator E and its freight have a total mass of 400 kg. Hoisting is provided by the motor
M and the 60-kg block C. If the motor has an efficiency of ε = 0.6, determine the power that
must be supplied to the motor when the elevator is hoisted upward at a constant speed of v E = 4
m/s.
58. The 50-lb block rests on the rough surface for which the coefficient of kinetic friction is μ k =
0.2. A force F = (40 + s 2) , where s is in ft, acts on the block in the direction shown. If the spring
is originally unstretched (s = 0) and the block is at rest, determine the power developed by the
force the instant the block has moved s = 1.5 ft.

69. The 5-kg collar has a velocity of 5 m/s to the right when it is at A. It then travels along the
smooth guide. Determine its speed when its center reaches point B and the normal force it
exerts on the rod at point B which is located just before the end of the curved portion of the rod,
and the normal force it exerts on the rod at this point. The spring has an unstretched length of
100 mm.
73. The roller coaster car has a mass of 700 kg, including its passenger. If it is released from
rest at the top of the hill A, determine the minimum height h of the hill crest so that the car
travels around both inside the loops without leaving the track. Neglect friction, the mass of the
wheels, and the size of the car. What is the normal reaction on the car when the car is at B and
when it is at C? Take and ρB = 7.5 m and ρB = 5 m.

83. A rocket of mass m is fired vertically from the surface of the earth, i.e., at r = r1. Assuming
that no mass is lost as it travels upward, determine the work it must do against gravity to reach
a distance r2. The force of gravity is (Eq. 13–1), where Me is the mass of the earth and r the
distance between the rocket and the center of the earth.
97. If the 20-kg cylinder is released from rest at h=0, determine the required stiffness k of each
spring so that its motion is arrested or stops when h=0.5 m. Each spring has an unstretched
length of 1 m.

Answers

7. Observer A: v2 = 6.08 m/s Observer B: v2 = 4.08 m/s

14. x = 5.44 ft
29. vB = 18.5 ft/s; aB = 123 ft/s 2; ymax = 5.55 ft

36. Rho = 88.3 ft

45. P = 8.32 (103) hp

51. P = 92.2 hp

55. Pi = 22.2 kW

58. P = 0.231 hp

69. vB = 5.33 m/s N = 694 N

73. NB = 0; h = 18.75 m; NC = 17.2 kN

83. U1-2 = GMem (1 /r1 – 1/ r2)

97. k = 773 N/m