DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION FORMULA

DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA

BASIC FORMULAS:
𝑑 𝑎𝑥
1. 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 𝑛 ) = 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1
𝑑
8. 𝑑𝑥 (log 𝑎) = 𝑎 𝑥

𝑑 𝑑
2. (𝑥) =1 9. (sin 𝑥) = cos 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑
3. 𝑑𝑥 (𝑘) = 0 10. 𝑑𝑥 (cos 𝑥) = − sin 𝑥

𝑑 1 1 𝑑
4. 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥) = − 𝑥 2 11. 𝑑𝑥 (tan 𝑥) = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥

𝑑 1 𝑑
5. 𝑑𝑥 (√𝑥) = 2 12. 𝑑𝑥 (sec 𝑥) = sec 𝑥 . tan 𝑥
√𝑥
𝑑 1 𝑑
6. 𝑑𝑥 (log 𝑥) = 𝑥 13. 𝑑𝑥 (cosec 𝑥) = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥. cot 𝑥

𝑑 𝑑
7. 𝑑𝑥 (𝑒 𝑥 ) = 𝑒 𝑥 14. 𝑑𝑥 (cot 𝑥) = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥
INVERSE TRIGONOMETRY (DIFFERENTIATION):
𝑑 1 𝑑 1
1. 𝑑𝑥 (𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥)= 4. 𝑑𝑥 (𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 𝑥) = − 1+𝑥 2
√1−𝑥 2
𝑑 1 𝑑 1
2. 𝑑𝑥 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥) = − 5. 𝑑𝑥 (𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 𝑥) =
√1−𝑥 2 𝑥√𝑥 2 −1
𝑑 1 𝑑 1
3. 𝑑𝑥 (𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥) = 1+𝑥 2
6. 𝑑𝑥 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 𝑥) = −
𝑥√𝑥 2 −1
PRODUCT RULE: (𝒖𝒗) = 𝒖𝒗′ + 𝒗𝒖′ ′

𝒖 ′ 𝒗𝒖′ −𝒖𝒗′
QUOTIENT RULE: (𝒗) = 𝒗𝟐

EXPONENTIAL AND LOGARITHMIC FUNCTION: (DIFFERENTIATION)

𝑑 1 𝑑
1. 𝑑𝑥 (log 𝑥) = 𝑥 2. 𝑑𝑥 (𝑒 𝑥 ) = 𝑒 𝑥

RULE OF LOGARITHMS

Rule name property

Log of 1 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 1 = 0
Log of the same number as base 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 𝑏 = 1
Product rule 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 (𝑚𝑛) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑚 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑛
Quotient rule 𝑚
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 ( ) = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑚 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑛
𝑛
Power rule 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑚𝑛 = 𝑛𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑚

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 DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION FORMULA
Change of base rule 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑐 𝑏
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 𝑏 =
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑐 𝑎
(OR)
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 𝑏. 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑐 𝑎 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑐 𝑏
Equality rule 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑎 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑐 → 𝑎 = 𝑐
Number raised to Log 𝑏𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏𝑥 = 𝑥
Other rules 𝑚
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏𝑛 𝑎𝑚 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑎
𝑛
1
−𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑎 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏
𝑎
(OR)
−𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑎 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔1 𝑎
𝑏
INTEGRATION FORMULA:

1. ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝐶 11. ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − cot 𝑥 + 𝐶

1 𝑑𝑥
2. ∫ = log |𝑥| + 𝐶 12. ∫ = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑥 √1−𝑥 2
𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑥
3. ∫ 𝑎 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = +𝐶 13. ∫ = −𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 𝑥 + 𝐶
log 𝑎 √1−𝑥 2

4. ∫ cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = sin 𝑥 + 𝐶 14.

𝑑𝑥
∫ 1+𝑥2 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑥 𝑛+1 𝑑𝑥
5. ∫ 𝑥 𝑛 𝑑𝑥 = +𝐶 15. ∫ 1+𝑥2 = −𝑐𝑜𝑡 −1 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝑛+1
6. ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 + 𝐶 𝑥
16. ∫
𝑑𝑥
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 𝑥 + 𝐶
|𝑥|√𝑥 2 −1

7. ∫ sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − cos 𝑥 + 𝐶 17. ∫ −

𝑑𝑥
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 𝑥 + 𝐶
|𝑥|√𝑥 2 −1

8. ∫ sec 𝑥 tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = sec 𝑥 + 𝐶 18. ∫ tan 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = log|sec 𝑥| + 𝐶 = −log|cos 𝑥| + 𝐶

9. ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 cot 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 + 𝐶 19. ∫ cot 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = log|sin 𝑥| + 𝐶
10. ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = tan 𝑥 + 𝐶
2 𝜋 𝑥
20. ∫ sec 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = log|sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥| + 𝐶 = log tan ( 4 + 2) + 𝐶
21. ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = log|𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥 − cot 𝑥| + 𝐶
INTEGRALS OF SOME PARTICULAR FUNCTIONS
𝑑𝑥 1 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
1. ∫ = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) + 𝐶 6. ∫ = log|𝑥 + √𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 | + 𝐶
𝑎 2 +𝑥 2 𝑎 𝑎 √𝑥 2 +𝑎2
𝑑𝑥 1 𝑎+𝑥 𝑎2
2. ∫ 𝑎2 −𝑥2 = log | | + 𝐶 7. ∫ √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 =
𝑥√𝑎 2 −𝑥 2 𝑥
+ 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( ) + 𝐶
2𝑎 𝑎−𝑥 2 2 𝑎
𝑑𝑥 1 𝑥−𝑎 1 1
3. ∫ 𝑥 2 −𝑎2 = 2𝑎 log |𝑥+𝑎| + 𝐶 8. ∫ √𝑎2 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 2 𝑥√𝑎2 + 𝑥 2 + 2 𝑎2 log|𝑥 + √𝑎2 + 𝑥2| + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 1 1
4. ∫ = 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( ) + 𝐶 9. ∫ √𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 𝑑𝑥 = 2 𝑥√𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 − 2 𝑎2 log|𝑥 + √𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 | + 𝐶
√𝑎 2 −𝑥 2 𝑎
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1 𝑥
5. ∫ = log|𝑥 + √𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 | + 𝐶 10. ∫ = 𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 (𝑎) + 𝐶
√𝑥 2 −𝑎2 𝑥√𝑥 2 −𝑎2

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