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Image Sampling Quantization Notes

Image sampling and quantization are crucial processes in converting continuous-tone images to digital formats. Sampling selects discrete pixels, affecting spatial resolution, while quantization assigns intensity levels, influencing gray-level resolution. Together, they determine image clarity and storage size, with higher rates leading to better quality.

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10 views1 page

Image Sampling Quantization Notes

Image sampling and quantization are crucial processes in converting continuous-tone images to digital formats. Sampling selects discrete pixels, affecting spatial resolution, while quantization assigns intensity levels, influencing gray-level resolution. Together, they determine image clarity and storage size, with higher rates leading to better quality.

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feliciangeline.j
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CEC366 – Image Processing

UNIT I: DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTALS

5. Image Sampling and Quantization


Image sampling and quantization are the core steps in converting a continuous-tone image
into a digital image.

🔹 1. Image Sampling:

- Sampling refers to selecting discrete points (pixels) from the continuous image.

- Determines the spatial resolution of the image (e.g., 256x256 or 1024x1024).

- Higher sampling rate = Better image detail.

🔹 2. Image Quantization:

- Quantization assigns a finite number of intensity levels to each sampled pixel.

- Determines the gray-level resolution (e.g., 2 levels in 1-bit, 256 levels in 8-bit).

- Higher quantization = Smoother shading and more realistic images.

🔸 Combined Effect:

- Both sampling and quantization influence image clarity and storage size.

- Low sampling/quantization causes pixelation or loss of detail.

🔹 Key Formula:

Total bits = Rows × Columns × Bits per pixel

(e.g., 256×256 image at 8 bits → 65,536 × 8 = 524,288 bits)

Conclusion: Sampling controls image resolution, quantization controls brightness accuracy.


Both are essential for high-quality digital imaging.

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