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unit 5

The Arduino UNO is a widely used microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P, featuring digital and analog I/O pins, a USB connector, and an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for programming. It is particularly recommended for beginners due to its ease of use and dual functionality of the USB port for both power supply and data transfer. The board supports various projects and is part of a larger family of Arduino boards, making electronics accessible to hobbyists and non-engineers.

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Gowthami Suresh
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6 views36 pages

unit 5

The Arduino UNO is a widely used microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P, featuring digital and analog I/O pins, a USB connector, and an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for programming. It is particularly recommended for beginners due to its ease of use and dual functionality of the USB port for both power supply and data transfer. The board supports various projects and is part of a larger family of Arduino boards, making electronics accessible to hobbyists and non-engineers.

Uploaded by

Gowthami Suresh
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Arduino UNO

• The Arduino UNO is a standard board of Arduino. Here UNO means 'one' in Italian.
It was named as UNO to label the first release of Arduino Software. It was also the
first USB board released by Arduino. It is considered as the powerful board used
in various projects. Arduino.cc developed the Arduino UNO board.
• Arduino UNO is based on an ATmega328P microcontroller. It is easy to use
compared to other boards, such as the Arduino Mega board, etc. The board
consists of digital and analog Input/Output pins (I/O), shields, and other circuits.
• The Arduino UNO includes 6 analog pin inputs, 14 digital pins, a USB connector, a
power jack, and an ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) header. It is programmed
based on IDE, which stands for Integrated Development Environment. It can run
on both online and offline platforms.
• The IDE is common to all available boards of Arduino.
The components of Arduino UNO board
• ATmega328 Microcontroller- It is a single chip Microcontroller of the
ATmel family. The processor code inside it is of 8-bit. It combines Memory
(SRAM, EEPROM, and Flash), Analog to Digital Converter, SPI serial ports,
I/O lines, registers, timer, external and internal interrupts, and oscillator.
• ICSP pin - The In-Circuit Serial Programming pin allows the user to program
using the firmware of the Arduino board.
• Power LED Indicator- The ON status of LED shows the power is activated.
When the power is OFF, the LED will not light up.
• Digital I/O pins- The digital pins have the value HIGH or LOW. The pins
numbered from D0 to D13 are digital pins.
• TX and RX LED's- The successful flow of data is represented by the lighting
of these LED's.
• AREF- The Analog Reference (AREF) pin is used to feed a reference voltage
to the Arduino UNO board from the external power supply.
• Reset button- It is used to add a Reset button to the connection.
• USB- It allows the board to connect to the computer. It is essential for
the programming of the Arduino UNO board.
• Crystal Oscillator- The Crystal oscillator has a frequency of 16MHz,
which makes the Arduino UNO a powerful board.
• Voltage Regulator- The voltage regulator converts the input voltage
to 5V.
• GND- Ground pins. The ground pin acts as a pin with zero voltage.
• Vin- It is the input voltage.
• Analog Pins- The pins numbered from A0 to A5 are analog pins. The
function of Analog pins is to read the analog sensor used in the
connection. It can also act as GPIO (General Purpose Input Output)
pins.
Why is Arduino recommended over other boards
for beginners?
• The USB port in the Arduino board is used to connect the board to
the computer using the USB cable. The cable acts as a serial port and
as the power supply to interface the board. Such dual functioning
makes it unique to recommend and easy to use for beginners.
Arduino IDE
• The Arduino IDE is an open-source software, which is used to write
and upload code to the Arduino boards. The IDE application is
suitable for different operating systems such as Windows, Mac OS X,
and Linux. It supports the programming languages C and C++. Here,
IDE stands for Integrated Development Environment.

• The program or code written in the Arduino IDE is often called as


sketching. We need to connect the Arduino board with the IDE to
upload the sketch written in the Arduino IDE software. The sketch is
saved with the extension '.ino.'
The Arduino IDE will appear as
Arduino Boards
• Arduino is an easy-to-use open platform to create electronics projects.
Arduino boards play a vital role in creating different projects. It makes
electronics accessible to non-engineers, hobbyists, etc.
• The various components present on the Arduino boards
are Microcontroller, Digital Input/output pins, USB Interface and
Connector, Analog Pins, Reset Button, Power button, LED's, Crystal
Oscillator, and Voltage Regulator. Some components may differ depending
on the type of board.
• The most standard and popular board used over time is Arduino UNO. The
ATmega328 Microcontroller present on the UNO board makes it rather
powerful than other boards.
• The Arduino Boards are organized using the Arduino (IDE), which can run
on various platforms. Here, IDE stands for Integrated Development
Environment.
Types of Arduino Boards

• Arduino UNO
• Arduino Nano
• Arduino Mega
• Arduino Micro
• Arduino Leonardo
• Arduino Due
• The IDE is common to all available boards of Arduino.
The components of Arduino UNO board are
shown below:

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