VERBAL SENTENCE ( ُ( ال ُج ْملَةُ ال ِف ْع ِليَّة
. أو اي ٍّ تَ ْكمِ لَ ٍّة
ْ اذا كان الفعل ُمتَعَ ِديًا، هِي الجملة التي تبدأ بالفعل ( ويحتاج الفعل إلى فاعل و مفعول به
A sentence which begins with a verb is called “Verbal Sentence”. It contains a
verb, its Subject & its Object. If the verb is Transitive or any other
completion.
َ ش َِر: مِ ثْ ُل
َ ب ا ْل َولَ ُد ا ْل َح ِلي
ْب
ُ علَى ُح
ٍّ ص ْو ِل عم ٍّل فِى َز َم ٍّن َخ
.اص َ ُـــو كُ ُّل لَ ْفظٍّ يَ ُد ُّل
َ ه: الفعل
A word referring to the occurrence of an action in specific period.
Arabic verbs are divided into two types:
( الفعل المتعديTransitive verb)
. هو الذي ال يكتفي ِب َم ْرفُ ْو ِع ِه وإنَّما يَحْ تَا ُج إلى م ْفعُول به
1. The first type is the transitive verb .الفعل المتعديThis kind of verbs require
direct object to compliment the meaning of the sentence as the meaning of
the sentence cannot be complete without this object.
قرأ األستاذ كتبا كثيرة باللغة اإلنجلرية
The teacher read many English books.
درس لنا منها كتابا ً وفهمنا هذا الكتاب جيدا َّ
He taught us from this and we understood this book very well.
( الفعل الالزمIntransitive Verb)
. هو الذي يكتفي بِ َم ْرفُ ْو ِع ِه وال يَحْ تَا ُج إلى م ْفعُول به
2. The second type is Intransitive verb الفعل الالزمthis kind of verbs do not need
a direct object, and the meaning can be complete without this object.
سافَ َر ْال َولَد
َ The boy travelled
• In Arabic, there are three cases of transitive verbs as follows:
1. Transitive verbs with one direct object.
Ibrahim studied Arabic درس إبراهيم العَربي َة:مثل
2. Transitive verbs with two direct objects.
طعَا َم لَذيذًا
َّ ِب َخا ِل ٌد ال
َ َحسKhalid deemed the food delicious
3. Transitive verbs with three direct objects.
َّ علَ َم محم ٌد خالدًا ا ْل َح
ق ُم ًّرا ْ أ Mohammad told Khalid that truth is
painful.
Verbs can be classified as
Past tense )(الفعل ال َماضي
ٍّ كُ ُّل ل ْفظٍّ يَ ُد ُّل على ُحصول عمل في زمن َم
.اض
Any word referring to the occurrence of an action in the past.
نَص ََر، َكت ََب: مثل
Present tense )(الفعل ال ُمضارع
ْ َاض ِر أو ا ْل ُم
.ستَ ْقبَ ِل ِ الزمن ا ْلح
َّ كُ ُّل ل ْفظٍّ يَ ُد ُّل على ُحصول عمل في
Any word referring to the occurrence of an action in the Present and future
tense.
ُ تَ ْن، َي ْكت ُُب: مثل
ص ُر
Imperative Verb )(فعل االمر
َّ شيئ في
الزمن المستقبل ٍّ ب به ُحصول ُ ُهُو كُ ُّل فع ٍّل يَ ْطل
The imperative verb is one that demands the occurrence of an action in the
future.
ُ ا ْن، ا ْكت ُْب: مثل
ص ْر
ستت ًَرا أو َ اهرا أو
ْ ضمِ ي ًْرا ُم ً ظ َ هو اسم مرفوع يدل على من فَ َع َل ا ْل ِف ْع َل َوقَ ْد يكُونُ ا ْلفَا ِع ُل اسما: الفاعل
.ضَمي ًْرا َمت َِّص ًال
The doer is a noun in the nominative case preceded by a verb .and refers that
it does / has done the action. The subject can be a Pronoun also .in singular
form takes ( ُُ) in dual ( )ا نand ) )و نin plural.
جَا َء ا ْل ُمعَ ِل ُم: مثل
ِ جَا َء ا ْل ُم َع ِل َم
ان
َجَا َء ا ْل ُمعَ ِل ُم ْون
The subject comes after the Verb:
)ظاه ٌِرَ (اسم .ِسة ُ يَذْه
َ َب أحْ َم ُد إلى ال َمد َْر
) ( أنا . َب إلى المدرسة ُ اَذْه
) ُ( ت . ذَ َه ْبتُ إلى ال َمدرسة
)The Object ( ال َم ْف ُع ْو ُل به
هو اسم منصوب وقع عليه فعل ا ْلفا ِع ِل
Object is anoun in the accusative case on which the action of the doer takes
place.
اب َّ فَتَ َح: مثل
َ َالر ُج ُل الب
َّاي
َ الر ُج ُل الش
َّ ب ُ َيش َْر
Notes:
Principles and rules relating to agreement between verb ( )الفعلand
subject ()الفاعل
I. When ( )الفعلVerb precedes the ( )الفاعلSubject:
(a). If the subject is masculine singular or dual or plural, the Verb will
be in Third person singular masculine.
س ِةَ ِب إلى ال َمد َْر ُ طال َّ َب ال َ ذَه: مثل
س ِة َ ان إلى ال َمد َْر ِ طالِب َّ ذَهب ال
س ِة َ الب إلى ال َمد َْر ُ ط ُّ ذهب ال
(b). If the subject is Feminine singular or dual or plural, the Verb will be
in Third person singular Feminine.
ت ا ْلبِ ْنتُ الد َّْرس ِ َ َكتَب: مثل
سَ َان الد َّْر ِ ت ال ِب ْنت ِ كَتب
سَ ت ا ْلبَنَاتُ الد َّْر ِ ََكتَب
(c). Sometimes the Subject is not use but it is understood particularly in
the case of warning.
ق
َ ط ِر ْي َّ َّق ال ِ ات: مثل
ِس بَ ِع ْيدًا ْ اِجْ ل
(d). If the subject is a collective noun, the verb can be in third person
singular masculine and feminine.
س َرةَ في الحد ْيقَ ِة ْ ت األ ِ س َ َ َجل: مثل
ْش ُم ْنت َِص ًرا ُ َر َج َع ا ْل َجي
(ii). When Subject comes before the Verb the verb must agree with it in
gender and number. Thus, the Verbal sentence becomes a Nominal
sentence.
ِ َ الول ُد يَ ْلعب في ا ْل َم ْلع: مثل
ب
ِ َان في ا ْل َم ْلع
ب ِ ََان يَ ْلعَب
ِ الولد
بِ األوال ُد ي ْل َعبُ ْونَ في ال َم ْب َع
