Class VII Assignment (Answer key)
Chapter 2: Nutrition in Animals
A. Fill in the Blanks
1. Ingestion
2. Mouth
3. Liver
4. Villi
5. Food vacuole
B. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. b) Small intestine
2. c) Rumination
3. a) Amylase
4. a) Anus
5. c) Cow
6. b) Chewing of cud → swallowing → partial digestion → complete digestion
C. Assertion and Reasoning Questions
1. C (A is true, R is false – saliva contains amylase, not lipase)
2. A (Both are true and R explains A)
3. C (A is true, R is false – saliva does not contain hydrochloric acid)
4. D (Both are false – food is not completely digested in the stomach and it doesn’t contain
all necessary enzymes)
D. Competency-Based Questions
1. Raju might face indigestion because chewing breaks food into smaller pieces and mixes
it with saliva, beginning carbohydrate digestion. Without proper chewing, larger pieces
slow the process of digestion and nutrient absorption.
2. The cow is ruminating. Ruminants regurgitate partially digested food (cud) to chew it
again, which helps in breaking down cellulose more effectively for digestion.
E. Short Answer Questions
1. Digestion is the process of breaking down complex food into simpler substances that
can be absorbed by the body.
2. The stomach secretes:
Hydrochloric acid (HCl): kills bacteria and creates an acidic medium,
Pepsin: digests proteins,
Mucus: protects the stomach lining.
3. The small intestine has villi, which increase the surface area for absorption and are richly
supplied with blood vessels for nutrient transport.
4. The alimentary canal includes:
Mouth
Oesophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Anus
5. In ruminants, cellulose is digested in the rumen by bacteria that produce enzymes to
break down cellulose into simpler substances.
F. Long Answer Questions
1. Digestion in Humans:
The human digestive system consists of the alimentary canal and digestive glands. The
main parts are:
1. Mouth – Digestion starts here; teeth chew food and saliva breaks down starch.
2. Oesophagus – Transfers food to the stomach through peristalsis.
3. Stomach – Secretes hydrochloric acid and enzymes like pepsin to digest proteins.
4. Small Intestine – Main site of digestion and absorption. Liver and pancreas release
bile and enzymes here.
5. Large Intestine – Absorbs water from undigested food.
6. Anus – Removes waste from the body.
This process ensures that food is broken down into nutrients that the body can
absorb and use
(Draw the diagram along with it of digestive system)
2.Nutrition in Amoeba :
Amoeba follows holozoic nutrition, which involves five main steps:
1. Ingestion – Amoeba uses pseudopodia to surround and engulf food, forming a food
vacuole.
2. Digestion – Enzymes are secreted into the food vacuole to break complex food into
simpler substances.
3. Absorption – The digested nutrients are absorbed into the cytoplasm.
4. Assimilation – The absorbed nutrients are used for growth and energy.
5. Egestion – Undigested waste is expelled out of the cell by rupturing the vacuole
membrane.
This process helps Amoeba obtain nutrients for survival and growth.
(Draw the diagram along with it)
3.Types of Teeth and Their Functions :
Humans have four types of teeth, each with a specific function:
• Incisors – Flat and sharp; used for cutting food.
• Canines – Pointed and strong; used for tearing food.
• Premolars – Broad with ridges; used for crushing food.
• Molars – Larger and stronger; used for grinding food.
• These teeth work together to chew food properly for digestion.
(Draw the diagram along with it)
