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Khan Biology

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BIOLOGY PAGE NO.


1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

7.

8. BLOOD GROUP

9.

10. NERVOUS SYSTEM

11. REPRODUCTION SYSTEN

12. SENSE ORGANS

13. GLAND

14. CAVITY OF BODY

15. NUTRITION

16.


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KHAN G. S. RESEARCH CENTRE

BIOLOGY

Zoology & Botany
Zoology:– Zoology

(CELL)
Cytology
 Father of
Cytology
 Father of Bactriology




 (Brain)
Note:– (1)

(2)

(Protoplasm)

80%

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(Cell wall)



(Cell membrane)




(Mitrocondriya)

 ATP
Power house

(Endoplasmic Reticulam) ER

Smooth ER

Rough ER
Ribosome
(Ribosome)

70 S Ribosome

80 S Ribosome

S = Sedimentation Coefficient
Golgi body / Golgi Apparatus

(Centrosome)

 Cell Plate
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 Centrosome
(Lysosome)
enzyme


Atom bomb

 RBC RBC Spleen
RBC
(Nucleous)


 80%
(Vacuales)
 (Store)

(Plastide)

(Plastids)

Claroplast Leucoplast Cromoplast

(Cholaroplast)


(Leucoplast)


(Cromoplast)

Ex.–

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 (70 S)


 (80 S)

 Vacules


Q.
(A) (B) ER (C) (D)

(CROMOSOME)
(Satellite)
(Centromer)
 (Telomer)
 Aran

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 Cromsome
 Cromsome DNA
 DNA Gene
 GENE GENE

Male Female
44 + xy 44 + xy
Bar Baby  No of x – 1
Male  1–1=0
Female  2–1=1
Cromsome—
1
14
16
20
24
26
18, 36
46
48
48
48
1600
(Nuclic acid)  DNA & RNA
DNA (Dioxy Ribo Nuclic acid)

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 (Poly Nucleotide)

DNA

Polyneualeotide

Nuclioside Phasphate

Suger Nitrogen Base

Ribose Dioxy
Ribose

(A) (G) (C) (T)

 DNA term 34Aº


 DNA term 10 Nucleotide
 Nucleotide 3.4Aº
 DNA Double Standered

 Adenine thymine Double Hydrogon bond


 Guanine Cytocine Triple Hydrogen bond
Trik:– A = T
GC

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RNA
Ribose Nuclic acid
 Single standered
 Ribose suger
 Nitrogen base Adenine, Guanine, Cytocine Thymine Urecil
 Protin

RNA

m-RNA t-RNA r-RNA


Massenger RNA (m-RNA)  Amino acid
Transfer RNA (t-RNA)  Amino acid Ribosome
Ribosome RNA (r-RNA) 
 DNA RNA Transcription
 RNA DNA Reverse Transcription
 RNA Protein translation
 DNA DNA Replication

i ca t i on
pl Transcription Translation
Re

DNA RNA Protein


Reverse
transcription

(CELL DIVISION)

 Mother cell Daughter


cell
 Centrosome
 Cell Plate

(Amitosis)
(Mitosis)
(Miosis)

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1. (Amitosis)
Procaryotic
 Mother-cell

2. (Mitosis)
(Sometic cell)
 (Ovum & Sperm)
 Mother-cell Daughter cell
 Daughter cell Cromosome

Inter Phase DNA Cromsome


Pro- Phase Splinder-Fiber
Meta - Phase Splinder-fiber

Ana-Phase Cromsome
Telo-Phase
Splinder - fiber
Remark:– (a)
(b)
3. (Meiosis)
(sperm & Ovum)
 Cromosome

 Crossing Over
 Prophase

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 Prophase

Male Female

44 2(XY) 44 2(XX)
Auto some Allo-some Auto some Allo-some

22 + 22 1+ 1
44 + 2 = 46 (Child)

(Syndrom)
Cromsome
1. Cromsome 45

2. (Cromosome) 47

Cromosome 47 Male Female

4. Cromsome 47 Male & Female

Note:– Virus

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(Tissue)

1. (Connicting tissue):–
Ex:– .... etc.
Note:–
2. –
3.
4.

Skeleton System

1. (Exoskeleton)–
Ex:– (Snail), etc.
2. (Endo-Skeleton) Ex:– etc.
Note:–

1. (Cartilege):– [Ca3 (PO4)2]

 Cartilege
2. (Bone)–
 60%

 30
 300 208 206

Selexor

(1) (2)

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(Skelotion System)

(1)
(2)
1. (Exo-Skeloton):–

(clam) etc.
Remark:–

2. (Endo-Skeloton):–

Exp.–

(Cartilege)– [Ca3 (Po4)2]

(Bone)– Ca3 (Po4)2 CaCO3


"54 58%" Ca3 (Po4)2

 50% 50%



 30




(1) (Appendicular)
(2) (Avial)
(1) (Appendicular)
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(A) = 30  2 = 60
(i) = 1
(ii) = 1
(iii) = 1
(iv) = 8
(v) = 5
(iv) = 14
–––––––––
30  2 = 60
–––––––––
(B) = 30  2 = 60
(i) = 1
(ii) = 1
(iii) = 1
(iv) = 1
(v) = 7
(iv) = 14
–––––––––
30  2 = 60
–––––––––
(C) = 2
(D) = 2
(E) = 2
(2) (Axial):–
80
(A) = 26 33
(B) Ribs = 24
(C) = 1 (Ribs
(D) (Head) / (Skill) = 29

———————————————————
   

14 16 1 8

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 7
 32=6
 (MIS)
M =
I =
S = .6 mm



 (Dentry)




 MBT / TMB
 LBB / BBL

 (Forumen Magnem)
 (Boe Cell):–
(1) Osteo-Clast:– Bone eating cell
(2) Osteo-blast:– Bone forming cell
(3) Ostco Cyte:– mature cell
 (Bone marrow):– RBC

 (Joints)–

Joints

Immorable Slightly movable Freely movable

Ball and Socket Hing Pirot Gliding Saddle

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(A) Immovable Joints Fixed / Fiberous /

(B) Slightly Movable


(Ribs), (Back bone)
(C) Freely Movable

1. Ball and Socket

2. Hinge Joints

3. Pirot Joints

4. Gliding Joinnts
5. Saddle Joints– ball and socket joints


(1) Flat bone (Ribs)
(Skull).
(2) Long bone
(3) Short bone
(4) Irregular bone

(5) Sismoide bone:– Cartilege

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(Musculer System)




(1)
(2)
(3)
 (Valuntry Musculer)

Light band dark band


 (Unvoluntry Musculer)
Light band Dark Band

 (Cardiac)

Remark:– Seloxer
Extenser

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(Digestive System)


1.
2.
(Elementary Canal)

32

(Digestive Gland)

(Baccul Carity)
32

(Salivary Gland)
(1½)
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 [ > Sub Mandibular > Sub Lingual)
 (Mums)
Remark–
(Teeth)
Odontology
 85% 10% CaCO3

 (Layer)

DIPHYODONT
Diphyodont 20
MONOPHYODONT
Monophyodont

1. Incisor (I)
2. Canine (C)
3. Pre Molar (Pm)
4. Molar (n)
1. Incisor
Nose teeth 4+4=8
Incisor

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2. Canine
Eye teeth 2+2=4
Canine
3. Pre-Molar
cheek teeth
4+4=8
4. Molar
Wisdom teeth Molar (III Molar)
6 + 6 = 12 Molar
Remark:– Pre Molar Molar
 20 20 12

20 + 32 = 52

 2nd Incisor
2123
2123
IC Pm M
Dental formula 2102
IC Pm M
2102
 ¼
 44
 47 32
 (Oesophagus):–

 (Stomach)–
4

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 HCl

 (Gastric Juice)
Gastric

(Small Intenstine)

1. (Duodenm)
2. (Jejunum)
3. (Ileum)
(Liver)
1.5 kg
(bile)
(Gallbladder)

Stone

pH 7.8 – 8.5 (Fat)


(Emalsification)

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(Duodenum)

(Pancreatic Juice)

Remark:–

1.
2.
3. (Emalsified) (Fatric acid)

Trick–
LAT
L= A= T=

(Instestinal Juice) (Saccus Intericus)



1. Amino

Protein    Amino Acid


(Deudenum) (Ilium)
2. (Fatry Acid)
  +
3.
4.
5.

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NOTE:– (Villi)



(Large Intestine)
B

1.
2.
3.

Apendics
Remark:– (Vestiage)
Apendics, Third Molar, Premolar, Pinna, etc.
Apendics Apendics

(Rectum)


1. (Injuection):–
2. (Digestion):–
3. (Absortion):–
4. (Assimilation):–
5. (Defaction):–

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(Respiratory System)

CO2, H2O

C2 H12O 6 6O 2 6CO 2 6H 2 O 686 Kcal

 (Catabolic)
(Breathing)

Breathing

Inspiration Expiration

 (Inspiration):–
O2 = 21%
CO2 = 0.03%
N2 = 78%
 (Expiration):–

O2 = 17%
CO2 = 4.6%
N2 = 78%

1. =
2. = Gills
3. =
4. = Gills
5. =

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6. =
7. =

1.
2.
3.
4. (Larynx)
5. (Trechia)
6. (Bronchai)
7. (Bronchioles)
8. (Alveoli)
9. (Blood)
10. (Cell)
(Diapharm)

75%

Olfactory lobe

(Phorynx)

Remark:– (Phorynx) (Galat)


 (Larynx) (Trechia)
(Larynx)
Voice box Voice
box Sarynx
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Larynx (epiglottis) epiglottis
Epiglottis
Epiglottis
(Lungs)

Pulmunary

Cartilege

(Alveoli)
Bronchioles Alveoli Alveoli
Alveoli
TV Alveoli Alveoli
Alveoli (Hb) Alveoli, Hb

Hb (HbO2) HbO2
CO2 Hb, CO2
Alveoli
Alveoli CO2
Tidal Volume
Tidal Volume TV
Tidal Volume 500 ml TV = 500  16 = 8000 ml/8l
Total lung's Capacity
Total Lung capacity TLC TLC 6000 ML
6L Tiolal Volume TLC 8%

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 (Ventilecter Machine)

ICU


 14 18
 14
(Celluler Respiration)

1.
2.

 ATP
ATP 2 ATP
2 ATP
Remark:–
CA

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ATP
36 ATP
 ATP ATP 39
36 + 2 = 38 ATP

 38 ATP
Note:– CO2

> >
Remark:–

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(Circulatory System)
 O2, CO2 etc.

1. Open blood circulatory System


2. Close blood circulatory System
3. Mix blood circulatory System
1. Open blood circulatory System
Pressure
2. Close blood circulatory System
Pressure

3. Mixed blood circulatory System

(Blood Vessel)

(Aretery) (Vein)

1. 1.
speed Speed

2. 2.
3. (Value) 3. (Value)
4. 4.

5. 5.

Aorta Arteny Artiriol

Heart

Venacave Vein Veinlet

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 (Capillery):–

 (Heart):–
300 gm
 (Heart Chember):–
 (Atrium / Auricle):–

 (Ventricle):–

 (Amplibian)–
Ep.-


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Remark:–
(warm blooded Animal)
Exp.:–

Remark:– (Tricuspid Valve)


 (Bicuspid Valve)

Heart attack

 

  
1
 5
2
  

   
 (Statho - Scope)

 72 150
1
 70 ml blood 5 (5.5) blood
2
72
 115 125
 (Pace Maker)
 Digoxin
(Blood Pressure)

(Systolic)
systolic

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(Dio-stolic)
Dio-Stolic
Systolic
B.P.
Dio Stolic

120
B.P. mm Hg (Normal)
80

B.P. hyptertension
140
B.P. mm Hg (High B.P.)
90

B.P.
B.P. hypotension
90
B.P. mm Hg (Low B.P.)
60

B.P.


 Trademil test By Pass Survery

 3 Dec. 1976

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(Blood)

1
 pH 7.4 5
2
7%
 blood


(Spleen) Spleen Blood Bank

180 200 gm

Blood

(55-60%) (40-45%)

(1)
(2) RBC WBC Plate lets

90% 10%

(Serium)

(Corpuscle)

1. R.B.C. [Real Blood Corpuscle]


 99% R.B.C. R.B.C. 5
 RBC

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 RBC RBC 120
(Liver) RBC Spleen Spleen
RBC Grave yard RBC
 RBC CO2
 RBC (Hb)
 (Iron)
 CO2
 (Male) 149 m 100 ML
 Female 139 m 100 ML
Remark:–
2. W.B.C. [White Blood Corpuscle]
 8000 10000

 WBC WBC
4
 RBC : WBC = 600 : 1
 WBC
 WBC
 WBC
1. Eosino - phil
2.
3.
Baso - Phil
Neutro - Phil
} Bacteria

4. Mono - Cyte –
5. Lympho - Cyte – Antibody
 Mono - Cyte
 Lympho - Cyte Antibody
 Lympho - Cyte T-Cell And B - Cell HIV

Plate lets

4-5 2 3
80,000


 CO2 O2

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 Spleen

(Lymph)
Hb

O2
CO2 RBC Plateless

(Clotting)
 Clotting
 2 5 Cascale process


(Plalilets)


 RBC


+ Ca + 

+ (RBC) 

 K
 (Plateles)
 Ca

Remark:– K

Anticlotting Anti coagulant

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BLOOD GROUP

 33
RBC
Antigen A B Antigen
Antigen A Blood Group A
Antigen B Blood Group B
Antigen AB Blood Group AB
Antigen Blood Group O.
Remark :– Antibody Antibody
Antibody
Rh – Factor :–
Antigen
Rh
Rh Rh – Positive (Rh+) Rh Rh -
Negative
1 95% Rh – Positive
Transfission of Blood

 Blood Bank 40ºF
 200 ML
 Blood 1200 2000
 Blood Group Rh
 Rh+ Rh+ Rh –

Remark:– O-Ve (Universal Doner)


Antigen Rh

Rh+ve Rh–ve

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(1) O A O, A
(2) O B O, B
A, B, AB O
(3) O AB
O, O
(4) O O

(5) A A A, O
(6) B B B, O
(7) AB AB A, B, AB

(8) A AB A, B, AB
A, B, AB AB
(9) B AB
(10) A B
A, B, AB, O A B

 (Blood Group):– 40
Antigen A, B, O 1952 Y. G Bombay Blood
Group

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(Excretory System)

 CO2

(Kidney)

 140 gm

1,30,000

Uttrafitteration

(Dialysis) (Osmosic
Method)

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 Urin 95% 2%
pH 4.8 8.4

(Stone)

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Nervous System

(Brain) (Spinal Cord)


 (Brain)  1350 – 14009 m

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 (Amonotetic):– Amonotelic

 (Ureo-telic):–
 (Urico-telic):–

 (Gauno-telic):–
Remark:– (Green Gland)

Brain

2/3 (66%

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Note:– Morter gland


 etc Control

Emotion centre

 Brain Spinal Cord
 Brain

 (Spinal Cord):– Brain


(Signal) Signal (Reflex Action)

Remark:–

 Spinal Cord

 1.
Brain and Spinal Cord
2. 12 Spinal Cord 31

3. Spinal Cord

(i)
(ii)
(i)

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(ii) Spinal Cord

 Na (Signal)
Nerves
Nerves
1. Moter Nerves– Brain Body
2. Sensory Nerves– Brain
3. Mixed Nerves– Signal Brain Body Boday Brain

Remark:– pons
 Spinal Cord
Spinal Cord (Rely centre)

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Reproduction System

(a) (Asexual)
(b) (Asexual)
(a) (Asexual):–

(i) (Fission):–

(ii) (Budding):– Bud


Bud

(iii) (Vegitation):–
etc.
(b) (Sexual Reproduction):–

(iv) (Peins):–
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Remark:–
 14
12 50
Note:– sperm

1. (Overy):–

(a)
(b)
(C) (Delivery)
2. (Follopian Tube):– overy uterous
(Fertilization)
 23

(Ovum) sperm
23

1. (Testes):–

2.
3. Vase difference– (Penis)
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4. Uterus Uterus Uterus Uterus
Uterus

fe Ca
Remark:–

 (Fertilization):– (Gamat)
follopian tube
Uterus

Male Gamate
(Sperm)

(Zygote) (Embryo) (Body)


Female Gamate
(Sperm)

 (Test tube body):–

 25 July 1978 6 April


1986

 (Vas Cotomy):– Vascotomy vasdeferece


 Tube Cotomy:– tube cotomy follopian tube
 Hysterotomy:– Uterus Hysteratomy

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Sense Organs ( )

1. (Eye)

(Iris)

(Pupil)
Iris
(Sclera)

 (Optical Nerves)

1/10 s
Zn


(Colour blindness) Colour
blindess (Ishihse chart)
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Remark:– contact lense

2. (Ear)
(Pinna)

(Ear dram)

Remark:–

3. (Nose)
offactory lobe / Nerve

4. (Skin)


1. (sabeceous Gland):– (Sebum)

D
2. (Sweat Gland):–
Remark:–

5. (Tung)

(Salty)
(Sour) (Bitter)

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Gland ( )
 Gland

1.

2.

3.
 (Exoerine Gland):– (duet)

 (Endo Crine Gland):– (ductless)

1.

2.
Biological Gland
3.
H
(BP)

4.
Ca

5.
15

6.
4S/3F (Emergency Gland)

(B.P.) (Fire and flight)

7. (Gonade Gland)
Gonade gland overy testey.

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 (Sex Harmone) Sperm Ovum
8. (Pituitory Gland)
0.6 gm
Gland

(a) THS (Thyroid Stimuteting Hormone):–

(b) STH:–

(c) LTH:–
3. (Mixed Gland):–

Mixed Gland
(Pancreas):–
LAT


–

–

Zn

–
(Liver)

A,
D

(Joindies)

 

RBC

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Cavity of Body ( )

 (Abdomen Cavity):–

Body 
Brain 
Heart 
Lung 
Live 
Kidney 

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(Nutrition)

1.
2.
3.

1.
2. Fat
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
1.
1% C6H12O2 C 1H
O 1:2:1
1 gm
1.

DNA RNA
2.

= +
= +
= +
Remark:–

3.



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Remark:–

2. (Fat)
15%

1 gm 9.3 cal

Vitamin–A Vitamin–D
3. (Proteins)
 C1H1O N
 20 10
10

 15% 19 m 4.3 kcal


Remark:– > > >


4. (Vitamin)

– Vimtain B Vitamin C (B & C)
Vitamin. A, Vitamin-D, Vitamin. E, Vitamin.-K1

Vitamin A

 A

Vitamin-A
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 B Vitamin-B Complex

 B1:–
 B2:–
 B3:–
 B5:–
 B6:–
 B7:–
 B11:–
 B12:– CO CO

Remark:– B
Remark:– B7 H
 C
C C

 D–

 E–

 K– K

5.

Ca, P, K, S, Na, Cl, mg






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 (B.P.)

 II
I, Fe, Co, F
6. (Water)
H2O H O 2:1 65%
(Dehydration)

7. (Roughage)

1. = 65%
2. = 16% 20%)
3. = 15%
4. = 4%
5. = 1%

1. = 65%
2. = 18.5%
3. = 9.5%
4. = 3.2%
5. 1.5%
6. = 0.4%
7. = 0.1%


Special Remark:– Suffix

in — (Pepsin)
ine — (Rennine)
ase — (maltase)
ose — (maltose)

 (Metabolism):– Reaction

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(metabolism)

(Anobolism) (Catabolism)

1. (Anobolism)–
1.
2. (38ATP
2.

Remark:–

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1. (Genetic Dieses)–

2. etc
3. TV, etc.

TRICK –

 (Sandfly) (Spleen)


Spleen
Note:–
 (Tse-Tse)


Fungi

TRICK –

Note:–

1.

2.

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(Sleeping sickness)

Sandy

TRICK –

 D.P.T. D.P.T.
Triple


 Look Jaw


 T.V.:–

TRICK –

Aids

 AIDS:– WBC T– Aguired


Immuno Deficiency Syndron
HIV (Human Iummuno Virus)

HIV RNA
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HIV (ALISA)
Enzyme linked lmmuno solvent Assy..

 Intro Virus

27 2014 WHO
 Orthrmixo-Virus

Bird Flu = H5 N1
Swain Flu = H1 N1

1975


 (measles)


 RNA

Note:–

Remark:–

Anchology (Cobalt-60)

Deficiency Diesease
Deficiency Disease

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WBC
1. Anti-biotic
Exp.
2. Anti-sebtic
Exp.
3. Anti-pyretic
Exp.
4. Anal-gesic
Exp.
5. Anti-fertility Anesthisia

(CHCl3)
Toxic-effect:– Toxic

COMPOSITION OF DRUG
1. (Omprogal)
2.
3.
4. B - Complex - multivitamin
5.
6. B.P.–
7.
8.
SALINE –
Saline
1. Dextose / D-5 / D-10:– Delivery

2. N.S.:– Blood-Sugar
3. D.N.S.–
4. R.L.:– Blood Sugar
5.
6. (Hemexcil):– reaction

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Note:– 7-8 Saline
CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMAL KINGDOM



1. 2.


1.
PROTOZOA PHYLON:




2.

3.

Exp.:–

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4.

Exp.:– (Tape - werm)


5. werm):–
(Round werom)
Remark:–
6. :–
(lateral)
Remark:–
Remark:–

7.

1. 2. 3.

(Colony) 13

8. CaCO3

Gills

Exp.:–
Remark:– inkagland
9.

Exp.:–
10.
Exp.:–

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11. (Noto-chosd)

(a) (Pisces):–
Heart
Gills
Exp.:–
Note:–
(b) (Amphibian):–

Exp.:–
Note:–

(c) (Rephilia):–

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