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Class 10 Economics Development Notes

The document provides an overview of development in economics, highlighting its subjective and multidimensional nature, as well as the importance of sustainability. It discusses different goals of development for various individuals and introduces key indicators like Per Capita Income and the Human Development Index (HDI). Additionally, it emphasizes the role of public facilities and includes real-life case studies to illustrate development issues.

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134 views4 pages

Class 10 Economics Development Notes

The document provides an overview of development in economics, highlighting its subjective and multidimensional nature, as well as the importance of sustainability. It discusses different goals of development for various individuals and introduces key indicators like Per Capita Income and the Human Development Index (HDI). Additionally, it emphasizes the role of public facilities and includes real-life case studies to illustrate development issues.

Uploaded by

jiya arora
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Notes for Class 10

by Superior Education Centre

Subject: Economics - Chapter: Development


Class 10 Economics - Chapter: Development

1. Understanding Development

Development refers to progress or improvement in different aspects of life, including economic

growth, social well-being, and environmental sustainability.

Key Features of Development:

- Development is subjective: Different people have different goals.

- Development is multidimensional: It includes economic, social, political, and environmental

factors.

- Development requires sustainability: Resources should be used wisely.

Example:

- A software engineer in a metro city may see development as a high salary and better

work-life balance.

- A farmer in a village may consider better irrigation facilities and higher crop production as

development.

2. Different People, Different Goals

People have different aspirations depending on their situation, profession, and needs.

Examples:

| Person | Development Goal |

|--------|-----------------|

| Landless Laborer | More wages, permanent job, better working conditions |


| Industrialist | Higher profits, expansion of business |

| Student | Better education, access to technology |

| Women in Rural Area | Gender equality, safety, job opportunities |

| Government Employee | Job security, promotion, medical benefits |

3. Income and Other Goals

Income is crucial, but development is not just about money. Other factors such as health,

security, dignity, equality, and freedom play an essential role.

4. National Development

National development refers to the progress of a country in terms of economic growth,

industrialization, infrastructure, and quality of life.

Indicators of National Development:

- Per Capita Income

- Literacy Rate

- Life Expectancy

- Infant Mortality Rate

- Gender Equality

5. How to Compare Different Countries or States?

One common measure is Per Capita Income (PCI), but it has limitations like ignoring income

distribution.

6. Human Development Index (HDI)

The Human Development Index (HDI) includes:

- Income - Per Capita Income.


- Health - Life expectancy.

- Education - Literacy rate & mean years of schooling.

7. Sustainable Development

Sustainable development means using natural resources wisely so they are available for future

generations.

8. Public Facilities and Development

Development is also about public services like health, education, and infrastructure.

9. Real-Life Case Studies

- Narmada Bachao Andolan - Protest against the Sardar Sarovar Dam due to displacement of

people.

- Costa Rica's Sustainable Development - Investment in forests and renewable energy.

- China's Economic Growth vs. Pollution - Rapid industrialization led to severe air pollution.

10. Question Bank with Answers

Short Answer Questions:

1. What is development? (2 Marks)

2. Define Per Capita Income. (2 Marks)

Long Answer Questions:

1. Explain the difference between economic growth and sustainable development with

examples. (5 Marks)

2. Discuss the importance of HDI in measuring development. (5 Marks)

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