1.

Write a C program for simulation of simple Calculator

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

char operator;

double num1, num2, result;

// Input operator from user

printf("Enter operator (+, -, *, /): ");

scanf("%c", &operator);

// Input two numbers from user

printf("Enter two numbers: ");

scanf("%lf %lf", &num1, &num2);

// Perform calculation based on the operator

switch(operator) {

case '+':

result = num1 + num2;

break;

case '-':

result = num1 - num2;

break;

case '*':

result = num1 * num2;

break;

case '/':

// Check if the second number is not zero

 if (num2 != 0)

result = num1 / num2;

else {

printf("Error! Division by zero.\n");

return 1; // Exit program with error status

break;

default:

printf("Error! Invalid operator.\n");

return 1; // Exit program with error status

// Output the result

printf("Result: %.2lf\n", result);

return 0;

Expected Output:

Output 1:

Enter operator (+, -, *, /): +

Enter two numbers: 10

Result: 15.00

Output 2:

Enter operator (+, -, *, /): -

Enter two numbers: 10

5
Result: 5.00
Output 3:

Enter operator (+, -, *, /): *

Enter two numbers: 10

Result: 50.00

Output 4:

Enter operator (+, -, *, /): /

Enter two numbers: 10

Result: 2.00

1a.Write a C program to print the welcome to the world of C

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

printf(“\nWelcome to the world of C”);

return 0;

Expected output:

Welcome to the world of C

1b.Write a C program to find addition of 2 integers

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{
 int number1, number2, sum;

printf("\nEnter the First Number: ");

scanf("%d",&number1);

printf("\nEnter the Second Number: ");

scanf("%d",&number2);

sum = number1+number2;

printf(" %d + %d = %d", number1,number2, sum);

return 0;

Expected output:

Enter the First Number: 64

Enter the Second Number: 36

64 + 36 = 100

2.Write a C Program to Compute the roots of a quadratic equation by accepting the

coefficients. Print appropriate messages

#include <stdio.h>

#include <math.h>

int main()

double a, b, c;

double discriminant, root1, root2;

// Input the coefficients

printf("Enter the coefficients of the quadratic equation (a, b, c):\n ");

 scanf("%lf %lf %lf", &a, &b, &c);

// Calculate the discriminant

discriminant = b * b - 4 * a * c;

// Check the discriminant for the nature of roots

if (discriminant > 0)

// Two real and distinct roots

root1 = (-b + sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);

root2 = (-b - sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);

printf("The Roots are real\n");

printf("Root 1 = %lf\n", root1);

printf("Root 2 = %lf\n", root2);

else if (discriminant == 0)

// One real root (repeated)

root1 = -b / (2 * a);

printf("The Roots are equal\n");

printf("Root 1 = Root 2 = %lf\n", root1);

else

// Complex roots

double realPart = -b / (2 * a);

 double imaginaryPart = sqrt(-discriminant) / (2 * a);

printf("The roots are imaginary\n");

printf("Root 1 = %.2lf + %.2lfi\n", realPart, imaginaryPart);

printf("Root 2 = %.2lf - %.2lfi\n", realPart, imaginaryPart);

return 0;

Expected Output:

Output 1:

Enter the coefficients of the quadratic equation (a, b, c):

The Roots are real

Root 1 = -1.000000

Root 2 = -3.000000

Output 2:

Enter the coefficients of the quadratic equation (a, b, c):

The Roots are equal

Root 1 = Root 2 = -1.000000

Output 3:

Enter the coefficients of the quadratic equation (a, b, c):

1
1

The roots are imaginary

Root 1 = -0.50 + 1.94i

Root 2 = -0.50 - 1.94i

2a.Write a C program to find area and circumference of circle

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

int rad;

float PI = 3.14, area, ci;

printf("\nEnter radius of circle: ");

scanf("%d", &rad);

area = PI * rad * rad;

printf("\nArea of circle : %f ", area);

ci = 2 * PI * rad;

printf("\nCircumference : %f ", ci);

return 0;

Expected Output:

Enter radius of circle: 5

Area of circle : 78.500000

Circumference : 31.400002

2b.Write a C program to calculate simple interest

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{

float principal, rate, time, simple_interest;

// Input

printf("Enter principal amount: ");

scanf("%f", &principal);

printf("Enter rate of interest (in percentage): ");

scanf("%f", &rate);

printf("Enter time (in years): ");

scanf("%f", &time);

// Calculate Simple Interest

simple_interest = (principal * rate * time) / 100.0;

// Display Result

printf("Simple Interest: %.2f\n", simple_interest);

return 0;

Expected Output:

Enter principal amount: 1000

Enter rate of interest (in percentage): 5

Enter time (in years): 6

Simple Interest: 300.00

3. An electricity board charges the following rates for the use of electricity: for the first 200
units 80 paise per unit: for the next 100 units 90 paise per unit: beyond 300 units Rs 1 per
unit. All users are charged a minimum of Rs. 100 as meter charge. If the total amount is
more than Rs 400, then an additional surcharge of 15% of total amount is charged. Write a
program to read the name of the user, number of units consumed and print out the charges

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
// Variables

char name[50];

int units;

double totalAmount, surcharge = 0;

// Input

printf("Enter the name of the user: ");

scanf("%s", name);

printf("Enter the number of units consumed: ");

scanf("%d", &units);

// Calculate charges

if (units <= 200) {

totalAmount = 100 + 0.8 * units;

} else if (units <= 300) {

totalAmount = 100 + (0.8 * 200) + (0.9 * (units - 200));

} else {

totalAmount = 100 + (0.8 * 200) + (0.9 * 100) + (1.0 * (units - 300));

// Check for surcharge

if (totalAmount > 400) {

surcharge = 0.15 * totalAmount;

totalAmount += surcharge;

// Display charges

printf("\nElectricity Charges for %s:\n", name);

 printf("Units Consumed: %d\n", units);

printf("Meter Charge: Rs. 100.00\n");

printf("Total Charges: Rs. %.2f\n", totalAmount);

printf("Surcharge: Rs. %.2f\n", surcharge);

return 0;

Expected Output:
Output 1:

Enter the name of the user: Anitha

Enter the number of units consumed: 0

Electricity Charges for Anitha:

Units Consumed: 0

Meter Charge: Rs. 100.00

Total Charges: Rs. 100.00

Surcharge: Rs. 0.00

Output 2:
Enter the name of the user: Anuradha
Enter the number of units consumed: 167
Electricity Charges for Anuradha:
Units Consumed: 167
Meter Charge: Rs. 100.00
Total Charges: Rs. 233.60
Surcharge: Rs. 0.00
Output 3:
Enter the name of the user: Rajeev
Enter the number of units consumed: 598
Electricity Charges for Rajeev:
Units Consumed: 598
Meter Charge: Rs. 100.00
Total Charges: Rs. 745.20
Surcharge: Rs. 97.20

3a. Write a C Program To Check the Given Character is Lowercase or Uppercase or Special
Character.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

char ch;

printf("Enter a character: ");

scanf("%c", &ch);

// Check if the character is a lowercase letter

if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z')

printf("%c is a lowercase letter.\n", ch);

// Check if the character is an uppercase letter

else if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z')

printf("%c is an uppercase letter.\n", ch);

 }

// Check if the character is a special character

else

printf("%c is a special character.\n", ch);

return 0;

Expected Output:

Output 1:

Enter a character: a

a is a lowercase letter.

Output 2:

Enter a character: A

A is an uppercase letter.

Output 3:

Enter a character: &

& is a special Character.

3b. Write a C program to Check whether an integer is odd or even

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{
 int number;

printf("Enter an integer: ");

scanf("%d", &number);

// True if the remainder is 0

if (number%2 == 0)

printf("%d is an even integer.",number);

else

printf("%d is an odd integer.",number);

return 0;

Expected Output:

Output 1:

Enter an integer: 2

2 is an even integer.

Output 2:

Enter an integer: 7

7 is an odd integer.
 4. Write a C Program to display the following by reading the number of rows as input,
1
121
12321
1234321
---------------------------
nth row
#include <stdio.h>

void main()
{
int i,j,n;
printf("Input number of rows : ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=0; i<=n; i++)
{
for(j=1; j<=n-i; j++) //print blank spaces
printf(" ");

for(j=1;j<=i; j++) //Display number in ascending order upto middle

printf("%d", j);

for(j=i-1;j>=1;j--) //Display number in reverse order after middle

printf("%d",j);

printf("\n");
}
}

Expected Output:
Input number of rows : 4

121

12321

1234321
4a. Write a C program to find largest of 3 numbers using ternary operator

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

int num1, num2, num3;

int largest;

printf("Enter three numbers: ");

scanf("%d %d %d", &num1, &num2, &num3);

largest = (num1 > num2) ? ((num1 > num3) ? num1 : num3) : ((num2 > num3) ? num2 : num3);

printf("The largest number is: %d\n", largest);

return 0;

Expected Output:

Enter three numbers:

The largest number is: 6

4b. Write a c program to determine whether an entered character is vowel or not

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

char ch;

printf("Enter a character: ");

scanf(" %c", &ch);

switch (ch)

case 'a':

case 'e':

case 'i':

case 'o':

case 'u':

case 'A':

case 'E':

case 'I':

case 'O':

case 'U':

printf("%c is a vowel.\n", ch);

break;

default:

printf("%c is not a vowel.\n", ch);

break;
 }

return 0;

Expected Output:

Output 1:

Enter a character: s

s is not a vowel.

Output 2:

Enter a character: e

e is a vowel.

5. Implement Binary Search on Integers.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

int n, target;

printf("Enter the number of elements in the sorted array: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

int arr[n];

printf("Enter the sorted array elements:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)

scanf("%d", &arr[i]);

printf("Enter the element to search: ");

scanf("%d", &target);
 int left = 0;

int right = n - 1;

int index = -1; // Store the index of the element if found

while (left <= right)

int mid = left + (right - left) / 2;

if (arr[mid] == target)

index = mid;

break;

else if (arr[mid] < target)

left = mid + 1; // Search the right subarray

else

right = mid - 1; // Search the left subarray

if (index != -1)

printf("Element found at index %d\n", index);

else
{

printf("Element not found in the array.\n");

return 0;

Expected Output:

Output1:

Enter the number of elements in the sorted array: 3

Enter the sorted array elements:

Enter the element to search: 1

Element found at index 0

Output2:

Enter the number of elements in the sorted array: 3

Enter the sorted array elements:

Enter the element to search: 4

Element not found in the array.

5a. Write a C program to print Fibonacci series using recursion

#include <stdio.h>

// Function to calculate the nth Fibonacci number using recursion

int fibonacci(int n)

if (n <= 1)

return n;

else

return (fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2));

// Function to display the Fibonacci series up to the nth term

void displayFibonacciSeries(int n)

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)

printf("%d ", fibonacci(i));

printf("\n");

int main()

int n;

printf("Enter the number of terms in the Fibonacci series: ");

scanf("%d", &n);
 printf("Fibonacci Series: ");

displayFibonacciSeries(n);

return 0;

Expected Output:

Enter the number of terms in the Fibonacci series: 10

Fibonacci Series: 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34

6. Implement Matrix multiplication and validate the rules of multiplication.

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

int main()

int m, n, p, q, i, j, k, a[10][10], b[10][10];

int c[10][10]={0};

printf("PROGRAMTOIMPLEMENTMATRIXMULTIPLICATION \n");

printf("\nEntertheOrderofMatrix1\n");

scanf("%d%d",&m, &n);

printf("\nEntertheOrderofMatrix2\n");

scanf("%d%d",&p,&q);

if(n!=p)

printf("Matrix Multiplication is not possible\n");exit(0);

printf("EntertheelementsofMatrix1\n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)
for(j=0;j<n;j++)

scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);

printf("EntertheelementsofMatrix2\n");

for(i=0;i<p;i++)

for(j=0;j<q;j++)

scanf("%d", &b[i][j]);

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<q;j++)

for(k=0;k<n;k++)

c[i][j]+=a[i][k]*b[k][j];

printf("\nMatrix1\n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<n;j++)

printf("%d\t",a[i][j]);

printf("\n");

}
printf("\n");

printf("\nMatrix2\n");

for(i=0;i<p;i++)

for(j=0;j<q;j++)

printf("%d\t",b[i][j]);

printf("\n");

printf("\n");

printf("\nTheproductoftheMatrixis\n");

for(i=0;i<m;i++)

for(j=0;j<q;j++)

printf("%d\t",c[i][j]);

printf("\n");

printf("\n");

return 0;

Expected Output:

Output 1:
PROGRAMTOIMPLEMENTMATRIXMULTIPLICATION

EntertheOrderofMatrix1

EntertheOrderofMatrix2

EntertheelementsofMatrix1

EntertheelementsofMatrix2

10

11

12

Matrix1

1 2

3 4

5 6
Matrix2

7 8 9

10 11 12

The product of the Matrix is

27 30 33

61 68 75

95 106 117

Output 2:

PROGRAMTOIMPLEMENTMATRIXMULTIPLICATION

EntertheOrderofMatrix1

EntertheOrderofMatrix2

Matrix Multiplication is not possible

6a. Develop a C program to print the following pattern.

H
HE
HEL
HELL
HELLO
HELL
HEL
HE
H.

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>
int main()

// variables

char str[20];

int len, place;

// take input

printf("Enter a string: ");

scanf("%[^\n]", str);

// find length of string

for(len=0; str[len]!='\0'; len++);

// actual length is length - 1

len--;

// outer loop for row

for(int i=0; i<(2*len+1); i++)

// find the place

if(i<len) place = i;

else place = abs(2*len - i);

// inner loop for column

for(int j=0; j<=place; j++)

printf("%c",str[j]); // print

printf("\n"); // next line

return 0;
}

Expected Output:

Enter a string: hello

he

hel

hell

hello

hell

hel

he

6b.Write a C program to generate Pascal’s triangle.

#include <stdio.h>

// Function to calculate factorial of a number

int factorial(int n) {

if (n == 0 || n == 1) {

return 1;

} else {

return n * factorial(n - 1);

// Function to calculate binomial coefficient C(n, r)

int binomialCoefficient(int n, int r) {

return factorial(n) / (factorial(r) * factorial(n - r));

// Function to generate Pascal's Triangle

void generatePascalsTriangle(int numRows) {

for (int i = 0; i < numRows; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j <= i; j++) {

printf("%d ", binomialCoefficient(i, j));

printf("\n");

int main() {

int numRows;

// Input the number of rows for Pascal's Triangle

printf("Enter the number of rows for Pascal's Triangle: ");

scanf("%d", &numRows);

// Generate and print Pascal's Triangle

generatePascalsTriangle(numRows);
 return 0;

Expected Output:

Enter the number of rows for Pascal's Triangle: 05

11

121

1331

14641

7 Compute sin(x)/cos(x) using Taylor series approximation. Compare your result with the
built-in library function. Print both the results with appropriate inferences.

#include<stdio.h>

#include<math.h>

#define PI 3.142857

int main()

float x,degree,nume,deno,sum,term;

int i;

printf("Enterdegree:");

scanf("%f",&degree);

x=degree*(PI/180.0);

sum=0;

nume=x;

deno=1.0;i=1;

do
{

term=nume/deno;

sum=sum+term;

i=i+2;

nume=-nume*x*x;

deno=deno*i*(i-1);

}while(fabs(term)>=0.00001);

printf("ComputedvalueofSin(%f)=%f\n",degree,sum);

printf ("Value from library function is sin(%f) = %f\n",degree,sin(x));

return 0;

Expected Output:

Enterdegree:60

ComputedvalueofSin(60.000000)=0.866236

Value from library function is sin(60.000000) = 0.866236

7a.Write a program to transpose the elements of a 3 x 3 matrix

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

int mat[3][3], i, j, matTrans[3][3];

printf("Enter 3*3 Matrix Elements: ");

for(i=0; i<3; i++)

for(j=0; j<3; j++)

 scanf("%d", &mat[i][j]);

// Transposing the Matrix...

for(i=0; i<3; i++)

for(j=0; j<3; j++)

matTrans[j][i] = mat[i][j];

printf("\nTranspose of given Matrix is:\n");

for(i=0; i<3; i++)

for(j=0; j<3; j++)

printf("%d ", matTrans[i][j]);

printf("\n");

return 0;

Expected Output:

Enter 3*3 Matrix Elements: 1

7
8

Transpose of given Matrix is:

1 4 7

2 5 8

3 6 9

7b. Write a program to multiply two numbers using functions.

#include <stdio.h>

// Function prototype for multiplication

int multiply(int num1, int num2);

int main() {

int num1, num2, result;

// Input the two numbers

printf("Enter the first number: ");

scanf("%d", &num1);

printf("Enter the second number: ");

scanf("%d", &num2);

// Call the multiply function and store the result

result = multiply(num1, num2);

// Display the result

printf("The product of %d and %d is: %d\n", num1, num2, result);

return 0;

}
// Function to multiply two numbers

int multiply(int num1, int num2) {

return num1 * num2;

Expected Output:

Enter the first number: 6

Enter the second number: 5

The product of 6 and 5 is: 30

8. Sort the given set of N numbers using Bubble sort.

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

int main()

int num,i,j,arr[10],temp;

printf("\n Program to implement Bubble Sort\n");

printf("\n Enter number of elements\n");scanf("%d",&num);

printf("\n Enter the elements\n");

for(i=0;i<num;i++)

scanf("%d", &arr[i]);

for(i=0;i<num;i++)

for(j=0;j<num-i-1;j++)

{
if(arr[j]>arr[j+1])

temp=arr[j];arr[j]=arr[j+1];arr[j+1]=temp;

printf("\n The sorted array is\n");for(i=0;i<num;i++)

printf("%d \t", arr[i]);printf("\n");

return 0;

Expected Output:

Enter the number of elements: 5

Enter the elements:

56

14

03

89

55

Sorted array: 3 14 55 56 89

8a.Develop a C program that reads N integer numbers and arrange them in ascending order
using selection Sort.
#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int n;

// Input the size of the array

printf("Enter the number of elements: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

int arr[n];

// Input the elements of the array

printf("Enter the elements:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

scanf("%d", &arr[i]);

// Selection Sort

for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {

// Find the minimum element in the unsorted part of the array

int minIndex = i;

for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {

if (arr[j] < arr[minIndex]) {

minIndex = j;

// Swap the found minimum element with the first element

int temp = arr[i];

 arr[i] = arr[minIndex];

arr[minIndex] = temp;

// Display the sorted array

printf("Sorted array: ");

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

printf("%d ", arr[i]);

printf("\n");

return 0;

Expected Output:

Enter the number of elements: 05

Enter the elements:

12

02

23

45

78

Sorted array: 2 12 23 45 78

8b.Develop a C program that reads N integer numbers and arrange them in ascending
order using Insertion Sort.

#include <stdio.h>
void insertionSort(int arr[], int n) {

int i, key, j;

for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {

key = arr[i];

j = i - 1;

while (j >= 0 && arr[j] > key) {

arr[j + 1] = arr[j];

j = j - 1;

arr[j + 1] = key;

void printArray(int arr[], int n) {

int i;

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)

printf("%d ", arr[i]);

printf("\n");

int main() {

int arr[100], n, i;

printf("Enter the number of elements: ");

scanf("%d", &n);

printf("Enter the elements:\n");

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)

 scanf("%d", &arr[i]);

printf("Original array: \n");

printArray(arr, n);

insertionSort(arr, n);

printf("\nSorted array: \n");

printArray(arr, n);

return 0;

Expected Output:

Enter the number of elements: 5

Enter the elements:

12

65

48

23

Original array:

12 5 65 48 23

Sorted array:

5 12 23 48 65

9 Write functions to implement string operations such as compare, concatenate, and find
string length. Use the parameter passing techniques.

#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>
// Function prototypes

int compareStrings(char str1[], char str2[]);

void concatenateStrings(char result[], char str1[], char str2[]);

int stringLength(char str[]);

int main() {

char string1[100], string2[100], result[200];

// Input strings

printf("Enter the first string: ");

gets(string1);

printf("Enter the second string: ");

gets(string2);

// Compare strings

int resultCompare = compareStrings(string1, string2);

if (resultCompare == 0) {

printf("Strings are equal.\n");

} else {

printf("Strings are not equal.\n");

// Concatenate strings

concatenateStrings(result, string1, string2);

printf("Concatenated string: %s\n", result);

// String length

int length1 = stringLength(string1);

int length2 = stringLength(string2);

 printf("Length of string 1: %d\n", length1);

printf("Length of string 2: %d\n", length2);

return 0;

// Function to compare two strings

int compareStrings(char str1[], char str2[]) {

return strcmp(str1, str2);

// Function to concatenate two strings

void concatenateStrings(char result[], char str1[], char str2[]) {

strcpy(result, str1);

strcat(result, str2);

// Function to find the length of a string

int stringLength(char str[]) {

return strlen(str);

Expected Output:

Output 1:

Enter the first string: rain

Enter the second string: bow

Strings are not equal.

Concatenated string: rainbow

Length of string 1: 4
Length of string 2: 3

Output 2:

Enter the first string: rain

Enter the second string: rain

Strings are equal.

Concatenated string: rainrain

Length of string 1: 4

Length of string 2: 4

9a.Develop a C program to concatenate two strings without using built-in function

#include <stdio.h>

// Function prototype for string concatenation

void concatenateStrings(char result[], const char str1[], const char str2[]);

int main() {

char string1[100], string2[100], result[200];

// Input strings

printf("Enter the first string: ");

gets(string1);

printf("Enter the second string: ");

gets(string2);

// Concatenate strings

concatenateStrings(result, string1, string2);

// Display concatenated string

printf("Concatenated string: %s\n", result);

return 0;
}

// Function to concatenate two strings

void concatenateStrings(char result[], const char str1[], const char str2[]) {

int i = 0, j = 0;

// Copy characters from the first string to the result

while (str1[i] != '\0') {

result[i] = str1[i];

i++;

// Copy characters from the second string to the result

while (str2[j] != '\0') {

result[i + j] = str2[j];

j++;

// Null-terminate the concatenated string

result[i + j] = '\0';

Expected Output:

Enter the first string: rain

Enter the second string: bow

Concatenated string: rainbow

10 Implement structures to read, write and compute average- marks of the students, list the
students scoring above and below the average marks for a class of N students.

#include <stdio.h>

#define MAX_STUDENTS 50
struct Student {

char name[50];

int marks;

};

int main() {

struct Student students[MAX_STUDENTS];

int n;

// Read the number of students

printf("Enter the number of students (up to %d): ", MAX_STUDENTS);

scanf("%d", &n);

if (n <= 0 || n > MAX_STUDENTS) {

printf("Invalid number of students. Exiting the program.\n");

return 1;

// Read student data

printf("\nEnter student data:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

printf("Enter the name of student %d: ", i + 1);

scanf("%s", students[i].name);

printf("Enter the marks of student %d: ", i + 1);

scanf("%d", &students[i].marks);

// Display student data

printf("\nStudent Data:\n");
printf("%-20s %-10s\n", "Name", "Marks");

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

printf("%-20s %-10d\n", students[i].name, students[i].marks);

// Compute average marks

int totalMarks = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

totalMarks += students[i].marks;

float average = (float)totalMarks / n;

printf("\nAverage marks for the class: %.2f\n", average);

// Display students above and below average marks

printf("\nStudents scoring above average:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

if (students[i].marks > average) {

printf("%s\n", students[i].name);

printf("\nStudents scoring below or equal to average:\n");

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

if (students[i].marks <= average) {

printf("%s\n", students[i].name);

}
 return 0;

Expected Output:

Enter the number of students (up to 50): 05

Enter student data:

Enter the name of student 1: sejal

Enter the marks of student 1: 60

Enter the name of student 2: ankita

Enter the marks of student 2: 70

Enter the name of student 3: komal

Enter the marks of student 3: 55

Enter the name of student 4: harsha

Enter the marks of student 4: 80

Enter the name of student 5: punam

Enter the marks of student 5: 95

Student Data:

Name Marks

sejal 60

ankita 70

komal 55

harsha 80

punam 95

Average marks for the class: 72.00

Students scoring above average:

harsha

punam

Students scoring below or equal to average:

sejal

ankita

komal

10a. Write a C program to read a sentence and count the number of words in the sentence.

#include <stdio.h>

#include <string.h>

void main()

char str[200];

int y = 0, x;

printf("Enter The String To Find The No. Of Words: \n");

scanf("%[^\n]str", str);

for (x = 0;str[x] != '\0';x++)

if (str[x] == ' ' && str[x+1] != ' ')

y++;

printf("The No. Of Words In The Given String Is: %d\n", y + 1);

Expected Output:

Enter The String To Find The No. Of Words:

Welcome to C programming class

The No. Of Words In The Given String Is: 5

11 Develop a program using pointers to compute the sum, mean and standard deviation of
all elements stored in an array of N real numbers.

#include<stdio.h>

#include<math.h>

void main ()

float a[20], sum1 = 0, sum2 = 0, mean, var, dev;

int i, n;

printf ("Enter no of elements:");

scanf ("%d", &n);

printf ("Enter array elements:");

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)

scanf ("%f", a + i);

sum1 = sum1 + * (a + i);

mean = sum1 / n;

for (i = 0; i < n; i++)

sum2 = sum2 + pow ((*(a + i) - mean), 2);

var = sum2 / n;
dev = sqrt (var);

printf ("Sum :%f\n", sum1);

printf ("Mean :%f\n", mean);

printf ("Variance :%f\n", var);

printf ("Deviation :%f\n", dev);

Expected Output:

Enter no of elements:05

Enter array elements:23

11

45

89

56

Sum :224.000000

Mean :44.799999

Variance :739.359985

Deviation :27.191175

11a. Write a C program to swap two integer values using pointers.

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int a, b, temp;

int *ptr1, *ptr2;

printf("Enter the value of a and b: ");

scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);

 printf("\nBefore swapping a = %d and b = %d", a, b);

// Assign the memory address of a and b to *ptr1 and *ptr2

ptr1 = &a;

ptr2 = &b;

// Swap the values a and b

temp = *ptr1;

*ptr1 = *ptr2;

*ptr2 = temp;

printf("\nAfter swapping a = %d and b = %d", a, b);

return 0;

Expected Output:

Enter the value of a and b:

24

12

Before swapping a = 24 and b = 12

After swapping a = 12 and b = 24

11b. Write a program in C using functions to swap two numbers using global variables
concept and call by reference concept.

#include <stdio.h>

swap (int *, int *);

int main()

int a, b;

printf("\nEnter value of a & b: ");

 scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);

printf("\nBefore Swapping:\n");

printf("\na = %d\n\nb = %d\n", a, b);

swap(&a, &b);

printf("\nAfter Swapping:\n");

printf("\na = %d\n\nb = %d", a, b);

return 0;

swap (int *x, int *y)

int temp;

temp = *x;

*x = *y;

*y = temp;

Expected Output:

Enter value of a & b: 24

12

Before Swapping:

a = 24

b = 12

After Swapping:

a = 12

b = 24
12. Write a C program to copy a text file to another, read both the input file name and
target file name.

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024

int main() {

FILE *sourceFile, *targetFile;

char sourceFileName[100], targetFileName[100];

char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];

size_t bytesRead;

// Input source file name

printf("Enter the source file name: ");

scanf("%s", sourceFileName);

// Open source file in read mode

sourceFile = fopen(sourceFileName, "r");

if (sourceFile == NULL) {

printf("Error opening source file.\n");

exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

// Input target file name

printf("Enter the target file name: ");

scanf("%s", targetFileName);

// Open target file in write mode

targetFile = fopen(targetFileName, "w");

if (targetFile == NULL) {
 printf("Error opening target file.\n");

fclose(sourceFile);

exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

// Copying contents from source to target file

while ((bytesRead = fread(buffer, 1, BUFFER_SIZE, sourceFile)) > 0) {

fwrite(buffer, 1, bytesRead, targetFile);

printf("File copied successfully.\n");

// Close file pointers

fclose(sourceFile);

fclose(targetFile);

return 0;

Expected Output:

Enter the source file name: source.txt

Enter the target file name: target.txt

File copied successfully.