Course Plan

Course Name Civil Engineering

Course Coordinator Mr. Aravind B.Patil
Course Type Professional Elective CIE Marks 50
Course Code 21CV743 SEE Marks 50
Lect Theory Pract Self S Min CIE Marks 20
Teaching Hours /Week
3 - - Minimum SEE Marks 50
Total hours of pedagogy 40 Total-CIE+SEE Marks 100
Total Credits 4 Exam Hours 3
Course Overview
The purpose of this course is to design and execute the Flexible Pavements, Rigid Pavements & Airfield
Pavements. This course helps to understand the causes of failure on roads and remedies for the distressed
pavement with different theories for economical construction and maintenance with the suitable use of IRC codes.
A highway pavement is a structure consisting of superimposed layers of processed materials above the natural
soil sub-grade, whose primary function is to distribute the applied vehicle loads to the sub-grade. The pavement
structure should be able to provide a surface of acceptable riding quality, adequate skid resistance, favorable light
reflecting characteristics, and low noise pollution. The ultimate aim is to ensure that the transmitted stresses due
to wheel load are sufficiently reduced, so that they will not exceed bearing capacity of the sub-grade. Two types
of pavements are generally recognized as serving this purpose, namely flexible pavements and rigid pavements.
This chapter gives an overview of pavement types, layers, and their functions, and pavement failures. Improper
design of pavements leads to early failure of pavements affecting the riding quality.

Prerequisites
Students are required to have a prerequisite knowledge on the subject Transportation Engineering, before they
could learn the design procedures for the flexible pavement and rigid pavement of low and heavy traffic roads and
airfield pavements. The basics of different loading and layer system are essential to locate the different failure
patterns and critical stresses developed in the Flexible Pavement, Rigid Pavement and Airfield Pavements. Traffic
studies and characteristics of soil forming the sub-grade is the key parameter for finalizing the design thickness
of pavements.
Significance/ Applications of the Course
It has diverse applications in the field of Highway Engineering; Transportation Planning and Design, for safe
operation of the traffic to meet the design standards as per IRC codes. Smooth Ridability comfort conditions are
met only if highway geometric designs are appropriate with design thickness of the pavement which are suitable
to cater the service for light and heavy loaded vehicles on different classes of roads. Vehicle operation Cost and
Economical justification on construction and maintenance of roads could be evaluated with the design of the
pavements. This course helps to classify different types of failure patterns and their causes with remedies for
servicing the traffic operations with the studies on different types of stress distributions coming over pavements
by wheel load applications. The important application of the pavement design is to enhance the design life/period
of the pavement by limiting pre-mature failures which will affect the economy of the construction.

Course objectives: This course will enable students to

1. Gain knowledge about the process of collecting data required for design, factors affecting pavement
design, and maintenance of pavement.
2. Excel in the path of analysis of stress, strain and deflection in pavement.
3. Understand design concepts of flexible pavement by various methods (CBR, IRC 37-2001, Mc-leods,
Kansas) and also the same of rigid pavement by IRC 58-2002
4. Understand the various causes leading to failure of pavement and remedies for the same.
5. Develop skills to perform functional and structural evaluation of pavement by suitable methods.

Course Outcomes
After studying this course, students will be able to:
CO-1 Systematically generate and compile required data’s for design of pavement (Highway & Airfield).
CO-2 Analyze stress, strain and deflection by boussinesq’s, burmister’s and westergaard’s theory.
CO-3 Design rigid pavement and flexible pavement conforming to IRC 58-2002 and IRC 37-2001
Evaluate the performance of the pavement and also develops maintenance statement based on site specific
CO-4
requirements.
CO-PO Mapping
Programme Specific
Programme Outcomes (POs)
COs Outcomes (PSOs)
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO08 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3 PSO4

CO-1 3 2

CO-2 3 3 3

CO-3 3 2 2

CO-4 3 2 2
Justification of CO with PO's and PSO's
CO -1
1 Engineering knowledge: Required to understand the concept of for design of pavement. It is mapped with High.
2. PSO1- Moderately mapped as Basic engineering Knowledge required to analyse for design of pavement.
CO-2
1 Engineering knowledge: The module consists of understanding stress, strain in the pavement , hence the
mapping is high
2.Problem analysis: - Highly mapped as students able to analyze stress, strain in the pavement
PSO1- Highly mapped as Basic engineering Knowledge required to analyse analyze stress, strain in the pavement
CO-3
1 Engineering knowledge: Required to understand the properties of the materials and structural components of
pavement, hence the mapping is high
2.Problem analysis: - The module consists of Design rigid pavement and flexible pavement conforming to IRC;
hence the mapping is moderate.
PSO1- moderately mapped as Basic engineering Knowledge required to Design rigid pavement and flexible
pavement conforming to IRC
CO-4
1 Engineering knowledge: Required to understand the basic knowledge of evaluate the performance of the
pavement and also develops maintenance statement and hence the mapping is High.
2.Problem analysis: - The module consists of basic analysis of evaluate the performance of the pavement and
also develops maintenance statement hence mapping is Moderate.
PSO1- Moderately mapped as Basic engineering Knowledge required to understand Evaluate the performance of
the pavement and also develops maintenance statement
Course Content
Teaching
RBT
Modules Hours
Level
Planned
Module-1
Introduction: Desirable characteristics of pavement, Types and components, Difference
between Highway pavement and Air field pavement, Design strategies of variables,
Functions of sub grade, sub base, Base course, surface course, comparison between Rigid and
flexible pavement
Fundamentals of Design of Pavements: Stresses and deflections, Principle, Assumptions 08 L3
and Limitations of Boussinesq’s theory, Burmister theory and problems on above

Teaching-
Chalk and talk & YouTube videos
Learning Process
Module-2
Design Factors: Design wheel load, contact pressure, Design life, Traffic factors, climatic
factors, Road geometry, Subgrade strength and drainage, ESWL concept Determination of
ESWL by equivalent deflection criteria, Stress criteria, EWL concept, and problems on above

Flexible pavement Design: Assumptions, Mcleod Method, Kansas method, CBR

08 L3
method, IRC Method (old), CSA method using IRC-37-2001, problems on above

Teaching-
Chalk and talk, PowerPoint Presentation, YouTube videos
Learning Process
Module-3
Flexible Pavement Failures, Maintenance and Evaluation, Types of failures, Causes,
Remedial/Maintenance measures in flexible pavements, Functional Evaluation by
Visual inspection and unevenness measurements, evaluation by Benkelman beam
deflection method, Falling weight deflectometer ,GPR method. Design factors for runway
08 L4
pavements, Design methods for Airfield pavement and problems on above

Teaching-
Chalk and talk, PowerPoint Presentation, YouTube videos
Learning Process
Module-4
Stresses in Rigid Pavement : Types of stress, Analysis of Stresses, Westergaard’s Analysis,
Modified Westergaard equations, Critical stresses, Wheel load stresses, Warping stress,
Frictional stress, combined stresses (using chart / equations), problems on above
Design of Rigid Pavement: Design of CC pavement by IRC: 58-2002 for dual and Tandem
axle load, Reinforcement in slabs, Design of Dowel bars, Design of Tie bars, Design factors 08 L4
for Runway pavements, Design methods for airfield pavements, problems of the above

Teaching-
Chalk and talk, PowerPoint Presentation, YouTube videos
Learning Process
Module-5
Rigid Pavement Failures, Maintenance and Evaluation: Types of failures, causes,
remedial/maintenance measures in rigid pavements, Functional evaluation by
Visual inspection and unevenness measurements, wheel load and its repetition, properties of
subgrade, properties of concrete. External conditions, joints, Reinforcement, Requirements 08 L4
of joints, Types of joints, Expansion joint, contraction joint, warping joint, construction joint,
longitudinal joint, Design of joint
Teaching-
Chalk and talk, PowerPoint Presentation, YouTube videos
Learning Process

Teaching-Learning Process (Mode of Teaching)

Strategies to accelerate the attainment of the various course outcomes.
1. Chalk and talk
2. PowerPoint Presentation

Self-Study Component
Module 1: comparison between Rigid and flexible pavement
Module 4: Modified Westergaard equations
Module 5: Functional evaluation by
Visual inspection and unevenness measurements
Curriculum Gaps Identified:
NIL

Content beyond Syllabus

NIL

Innovative Teaching Methods

1. PowerPoint Presentation
2. YouTube Videos
Modern Tools:
Google Classroom
Assessment Details (Both CIE & SEE):
Assessment Details (both CIE and SEE) The weightage of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) is 50% and for
Semester End Exam (SEE) is 50%. The minimum passing mark for the CIE is 40% of the maximum marks (20
marks out of 50). A student shall be deemed to have satisfied the academic requirements and earned the credits
allotted to each subject/ course if the student secures not less than 35% (18 Marks out of 50) in the semester-end
examination (SEE), and a minimum of 40% (40 marks out of 100) in the sum total of the CIE (Continuous Internal
Evaluation) and SEE (Semester End Examination) taken together Continuous Internal Evaluation: Three Unit
Tests each of 20 Marks (duration 01 hour)
1. First test at the end of 5th week of the semester
2. Second test at the end of the 10th week of the semester
3. Third test at the end of the 15th week of the semester
Two assignments each of 010 Marks
4. First assignment at the end of 4th week of the semester
5. Second assignment at the end of 9th week of the semester Group discussion/Seminar/quiz any one of three
suitably planned to attain the COs and POs for 20 Marks (duration 01 hours)
6. At the end of the 13th week of the semester The sum of three tests, two assignments, and quiz/seminar/group
discussion will be out of 100 marks and will be scaled down to 50 marks (to have less stressed CIE, the portion
of the syllabus should not be common /repeated for any of the methods of the CIE. Each method of CIE should
have a different syllabus portion of the course).
CIE methods /question paper is designed to attain the different levels of Bloom’s taxonomy as per the outcome
defined for the course. Semester End Examination: Theory SEE will be conducted by University as per the
scheduled timetable, with common question papers for the subject (duration 03 hours)
1. The question paper will have ten questions. Each question is set for 20 marks.
2. There will be 2 questions from each module. Each of the two questions under a module (with a maximum of 3
sub-questions), should have a mix of topics under that module. The students have to answer 5 full questions,
selecting one full question from each module.
Suggested Learning Resources:
Text Books:
T1. S K Khanna, C E G Justo, and A Veeraragavan, “Highway Engineering”, Nem Chand & Brothers
T2. L.R.Kadiyali and Dr.N.B.Lal, “ Principles and Practices of Highway Engineering”, Khanna publishers
T3. Yang H. Huang , “Pavement Analysis and Design”, University of Kentucky

Reference Books:
1. Yoder & witczak , “Principles of pavement design”, John Wiley & Sons.
2. Subha Rao, “Principles of Pavement Design”.

Signature of Course Coordinator Signature of H.O.D

Module wise Plan

Module-1 No of Hours-08
Module Overview: In this module deals with objectives and importance of Highway Pavement

Module Level Outcomes

MO1.1 Distinguish the differences between Highway Pavement and Airfield Pavement

MO1.2 1. Calculate the Stresses and deflections of the pavement.

Learning Objectives: At the end of this Module, student will be able to

2. Distinguish the differences between Highway Pavement and Airfield Pavement
3. Classify the components and functionalities of different layers of the Pavement
4. Calculate the Stresses and deflections of the pavement
5. Study the Principle, Assumptions and Limitations of Boussinesq’s theory, Burmister theory

Lesson Plan

Reference
or Text
Lecture Teaching Activities
Topics covered PO’s PSO’s CO’s Book/
No. Method Planned
Chapter
No.

Introduction & Desirable

L1
characteristics of pavement

Types and components, Difference

L2 between Highway pavement and
Air field pavement

L3 Design strategies of variables

Functions of sub-grade, sub base,
L4 Base course, surface course, Chalk and
comparison between Rigid and talk,
flexible pavement PowerPoint
Fundamentals of Design of Presentation, -- 1 1 1 T1/R1
L5
Pavements YouTube
videos
Stresses and deflections
L6

Principle, Assumptions and

L7 Limitations of Boussinesq’s
theory, Burmister theory

L8 Problems on above
Module level questions
Knowledge
dimension of
RBT questions
Questions
Level (Factual, Conceptual,
Procedural,
Metacognitive)
Q1.Enumerate Difference between Highway pavement and Air field
pavement 2 Factual

Q2. List the Functions of sub-grade, sub base, Base course, surface course,
comparison between Rigid and flexible pavement 2 Factual, Conceptual

Q3. Describe Principle, Assumptions and Limitations of Boussinesq’s

theory, 3 Procedural

Module wise Plan

Module-2 No of Hours-08
Module Overview:
Explain Design Factors of Flexible Pavement Design

Module Level Outcomes

MO2.1 Design the flexible pavement with different methods as per IRC 37-2001
MO2.2 Study the traffic factors and sub-grade strength

Learning Objectives: At the end of this Module, student will be able to

1. Solve the problems on ESWL & EWL Concepts
2. Specify the Design parameters for practical problems.

Lesson Plan

Reference
or Text
Lecture Teaching Activities
Topics covered PO’s PSO’s CO’s Book/
No. Method Planned
Chapter
No.
Design Factors: Design wheel
L9 load, contact pressure

Design life, Traffic factors,

Chalk and
L10 climatic factors, Road geometry,
talk,
Sub-grade strength and drainage PowerPoint
Presentation,
-- 1,2 1 2 T1/R1
ESWL concept , Determination of YouTube
L11 ESWL by equivalent deflection videos
criteria
Stress criteria, EWL
L12
Concept and problems on above.
 Flexible pavement Design:
L13 Assumptions

Mcleod Method,
L14 Kansas method

CBR method,
L15
IRC Method (old)
CSA method using
L16
IRC-37-2001, problems on above

Module level questions

RBT
Questions Conceptual, Procedural
Level

1) Determine ESWL by equivalent deflection criteria

1 Factual

2) Define Mcleod Method, Kansas method CBR method, IRC Method

(old) 2 Conceptual

3) Write shorts on Sub-grade strength and drainage

2 Conceptual, Procedural

4) Define EWL Concept and problems on above.

2 Conceptual, Procedural

Module wise Plan

Module-3 No of Hours-08
Module Overview:
This module deals with Flexible Pavement Failures & Design factors for runway pavements

Module Level Outcomes

MO3.1 Identify the different failure patterns of flexible pavement

MO3.2 Evaluate the pavement unevenness

Learning Objectives: At the end of this Module, student will be able to

1. Identify the different failure patterns of flexible pavement
2. Classify the causes and remedies of different failure patterns
3. Evaluate the pavement unevenness with BBD,FWD,GPR Method
4. Define the design factors and methods of Airfield Pavement
Lesson Plan

Reference
or Text
Lecture Teaching Activities
Topics covered PO’s PSO’s CO’s Book/
No. Method Planned
Chapter
No.
Flexible Pavement Failures,
L17 Maintenance and Evaluation
Types of failures, Causes,
L18 Remedial/Maintenance
measures in flexible pavements
Functional
L19 Evaluation by Visual inspection
and unevenness measurements
Evaluation by Benkleman beam
L20 Chalk and
deflection method
talk,
Falling weight deflectometer, PowerPoint
Presentation,
-- 1,2 1 3 T1/R1
L21 GPR method. YouTube
Design factors for runway videos
L22
pavements
Design methods for
L23
Airfield pavement

L24 Problems on above

Module level questions

Knowledge
dimension of
RBT questions
Questions
Level (Factual, Conceptual,
Procedural,
Metacognitive)
1) List the Design methods for Airfield pavement
2 Factual
2) List the design factors for runway pavements
2 Conceptual

3) Define different types of failures, Causes, Remedial/Maintenance

measures in flexible pavements 3 Procedural

4)Describe Evaluation by Benkleman beam deflection method

Module wise Plan

Module-4 No of Hours-08
Module Overview:
Stresses in Rigid Pavement & Design of Rigid Pavement
Module Level Outcomes
MO4.1 Students will evaluate stresses developed in Rigid Pavement

MO4.2 Students will able to Design Tie Bars and Dowel Bars

Learning Objectives: At the end of this Module, student will be able to

1. To study the stresses developed in Rigid Pavement
2. Design the CC Pavement using IRC 58-2002
3. Design Tie Bars and Dowel Bars
4. Design the airfield pavements.
Lesson Plan

Reference
or Text
Lecture Teaching Activities
Topics covered PO’s PSO’s CO’s Book/
No. Method Planned
Chapter
No.

Stresses in Rigid Pavement, Types

L25
of stress, Analysis of Stresses

Westergaard’s Analysis, Modified

L26
Westergaard equations,
Critical stresses, Wheel load
L27 stresses, Warping stress, Frictional
stress, combined stresses (using
Chalk and
L28 chart / equations),
Problems on above talk,
PowerPoint
Presentation,
-- 1,2 1 3 T1/R1
Design of CC pavement by IRC:
YouTube
L29 58-2002 for dual and Tandem axle
videos
load
Reinforcement in slabs, Design of
L30 Dowel bars

Design of Tie bars, Design factors

L31
for Runway pavements
Design methods for airfield
L32
pavements, problems of the above
Module level questions
 Knowledge
dimension of
RBT questions
Questions
Level (Factual, Conceptual,
Procedural,
Metacognitive)
1) Write the procedure of design of CC pavement by IRC: 58-2002
2 Factual

2)Discuss the design methods for airfield pavements 3 Procedural

3) Enumerate the design procedure for Dowel bars 2 Conceptual
4) List the various types of Stresses in CC pavement 3 Procedural

Module wise Plan

Module-5 No of Hours-08
Module Overview:
Rigid Pavement Failures, Maintenance and Evaluation
Module Level Outcomes
MO5.1 Understand types of failures and causes of Rigid Pavement

MO5.2 The students will able to 3. Study the property of the Sub-grade & Concrete

Learning Objectives: At the end of this Module, student will be able to

1. Distinguish the types of failures and causes of Rigid Pavement
2. Identify the remedial and maintenance measures in Rigid Pavement
3. Study the property of the Sub-grade & Concrete
4. Design the Joints in CC Pavement

Lesson Plan

Reference
or Text
Lecture Teaching Activities
Topics covered PO’s PSO’s CO’s Book/
No. Method Planned
Chapter
No.

L33 Types of failures, causes

Chalk and
remedial/maintenance measures in talk,
L34
rigid pavements PowerPoint
Presentation,
-- 1,2 1 4 T1/R1
Functional evaluation by Visual YouTube
L35 inspection and unevenness videos
measurements
L36 wheel load and its repetition
 properties of subgrade, properties
of concrete
L37

External conditions, joints,

L38 Reinforcement,

Requirements of joints, Types of

joints, Expansion joint,
L39
contraction joint, warping joint,
construction joint, longitudinal
joint
L40 Design of joints

Module level questions

Knowledge
dimension of
RBT questions
Questions
Level (Factual, Conceptual,
Procedural,
Metacognitive)
1) Brief note on properties of subgrade, properties of concrete
2 Conceptual
2) Short Notes on Remedial/maintenance measures in rigid pavements
3 Conceptual

Signature of Course Coordinator Signature of H.O.D

 Assignment-I
Q.
Questions CO’s RBL Marks
No
Determine ESWL by equivalent deflection criteria
1 1 1 10

Define Mcleod Method, Kansas method CBR method, IRC

2 Method (old) 1 1 10

Write shorts on Sub-grade strength and drainage

3 1 1 10

Define EWL Concept and problems on above.

4 1 1 10

Assignment-II
Q.
Questions CO’s RBL Marks
No
Write the procedure of design of CC pavement by IRC: 58-2002
1 3 2 10

Discuss the design methods for airfield pavements

2 3 2 10

Brief note on properties of subgrade, properties of concrete

3 4 2 10

Short Notes on Remedial/maintenance measures in rigid

4 pavements 4 2 10