STUDY WITH SUDHIR

SWS ICSE CLASS 10 ENGLISH LITERATURE QUESTION BANK

THE POWER OF MUSIC SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Question 1.

He sings as though he's staked his life, he sings as though he's

hell-bent;
The people, dazed, retire amazed although they know it's well-
meant.

(a) Who is He? What does ``staked his life'' mean? Why is he hell-
bent?

Answer : He is Bhisma Lochan Sharma, an irrepressible character who

is determined to entertain those around him without realising that
his singing is out of tune.

The phrase "staked his life" generally means that someone is taking a
significant risk or is deeply committed to something, even to the
point of risking everything they have, including their life. In the
context of Bhisma Lochan Sharma, it refers to his unwavering belief
in his musical abilities. He sings with so much gusto as if his life
depended on it. .

Sharma is ``hell-bent'' because he is determined, almost obsessively,

to prove his musical prowess, regardless of the reactions of others.
This despite the fact that his obstinacy to perform causes great
discomfort to his listeners.

(b) How do the people and animals around him react to his
singing?

Answer : The people around Bhisma Lochan Sharma react to his

singing with extreme discomfort and distress since it is largely out of
tune. The reactions are exaggerated for comedic effect — listeners
flee, they are dazed and languish ``pale and sickly. Animals panic
leading to overturning of bullock carts and horses line the roadside
and whine and stare with feet in air and wonder confounded. Even
the fishes dive below the lake in search for silence while the birds in
the sky turn turtle.

(c) Why is the singing ``well-meant''?

Answer : The singing by Bhisma Lochan Sharma is described as "well-

meant" because he genuinely believes in the value of his
performance. His intentions are pure and he sings with full
confidence, thinking that his music is impressive and enjoyable.
Despite his lack of skill and the distress it causes, Sharma has no
malice or ill intent. He sincerely wants to share his "art" with others,
thinking it will be appreciated. The irony is that while his singing is
meant to be good and uplifting, it produces the opposite effect,
causing discomfort and chaos around him.

(d) The people plead for their life in the poem. What does it
show?

Answer : The people plead for their lives in response to Bhisma

Lochan Sharma's singing. It illustrates the extreme discomfort and
agony they experience due to his performance which is torture for
their ears. The exaggerated reactions, such as begging for their
lives, serve as a humorous and satirical portrayal of just how
unbearable his singing is.

This also highlights the stark contrast between Sharma's

overconfidence in his musical talent and the actual, painful impact it
has on his audience. The exaggerated plea shows their desperation
to escape the torment, emphasizing the absurdity of the situation
and adding to the poem's comic effect.

(e) The poem was a satire deliberately to escape the rigorous

censorship of the press by the British administration before
independence. Comment. (Should prepare for this googly question
- for understanding as well)

Answer : Sukumar Ray's poem `The Power of Music' can also be seen
as a clever satire that subtly critiques authority, using humor to
mask deeper commentary. Written during British colonial rule in the
1920s, the poem could be interpreted as reflecting the social and
political tensions of the time, particularly the frustrations of the
common people under oppressive regimes.
The exaggerated portrayal of Bhisma Lochan Sharma who is under
the delusion that he sings very well, may symbolize the arrogance of
oppressive British rulers. Despite the chaos his actions create,
Sharma remains oblivious to the distress around him, much like how
the British administration, in the eyes of many Indians, remained
indifferent to the suffering caused by their repressive colonial
policies.

The people's exaggerated pleas for relief could represent the

helplessness of the colonized subjects, who were unable to openly
criticize the government due to strict censorship laws. Ray’s use of
satire allows him to mock this imbalance of power indirectly,
avoiding direct confrontation with colonial authorities. By framing
the situation as a humorous, exaggerated musical fiasco, Ray could
evade censorship while still delivering a pointed critique of figures.
The poem thus acts as a subtle form of protest, using the comic
absurdity of Bhisma Lochan Sharma's singing to reflect the
frustrations of colonial rule, all while staying under the radar of
British censorship.

Question 2.

The welkin weeps to hear his screech, and mighty mansions

tumble,
But now there comes a billy goat, a most sagacious fellow

(a) Whose screech is being spoken about? What is welkin and why
does it weep?

Answer : Bhisma Lochan Sharma, the irrepressible protagonist of the

poem `The Power of Music' is singing and it is so bad that it is
referred to as a screech.

The term "welkin" refers to the sky or the firmament. The word is
often used in older poetry to describe the heavens or the celestial
sphere. Here the line ``the welkin weeps to hear his screech''
suggests that the sky itself seems to cry in response to the harsh and
unpleasant sounds being made in the name of music. It is a poetic
way of describing the impact of disruptive noises on the
environment.
(b) What poetic device is used in ``welkin weeps''? Apart from
this one, what poetic device has been used extensively in the
poem? Give two examples. (Important)

Answer : The device of personification has been used in ``welkin

weeps''. Apart from personification, the poetic device of hyperbole
has been used extensively in the poem to highlight the exaggeration
in order to introduce humour satirise the character of Sharma and his
singing. For example, ``you catch his strain on hill and plain from
Delhi down to Burma'' is a rather exaggerated geographical stretch
and hence a hyperbole.

Similarly, the reaction of the people to Sharma's singing is so

exaggerated that they plead for their lives by saying ``We're going
to die, oh won't you stop your singing?'' as if his singing is a life-
threatening event.

(c) Who is a billy goat and why is he described as a sagacious

fellow?

Answer : The billy goat is a male goat. It is referred to as a

"sagacious fellow" which means wise or clever because in his wisdom,
he quickly recognizes the discomfort caused by the music and
decides to leave the scene before it gets worse. Describing the billy
goat as "sagacious" is a playful exaggeration implying that the goat is
smarter than the human audience as he does something dramatic to
avoid the torment of Sharma’s voice. It adds to the poem’s comedic
effect, portraying animals as wise enough to escape the unbearable
singing, while people remain trapped in their suffering.

(d) How does the billy goat show his sagacity? Describe what
happens.

Answer : The goat shows his sagacity by downing its horns and
charging straight at Bhisma. At the same time, it lets out loud sounds
that compete with the singing. In this way, the goat confronts the
chaos with its own assertive and strong response. The difference is
that while the others just reacted, the goat decides to do something
about it.

The result of the goat's charge and the ``brutal violence'' that
follows is that the ``strains of song'' get disturbed. The music is
personified as being ``tossed'' and torn to pieces. It creates the
impression of a violent and tumultuous scene where the power of
music is challenged and taken on by an aggressive goat, creating
physical chaos. The end result is that Bhisma Lochan Sharma stops
singing. The poet calls the silence that ensues as a ``golden gift''
which Bhisma grants to the world by stopping his singing. Thus there
is relief from the acoustic chaos that he had created.

(e) Do you think the title of the poem is appropriate? Comment.

(Important)

Answer : The title of the poem `The Power of Music' immediately

suggests that the central focus of the poem will be on exploring the
influence and potency of music. By titling the poem in this manner,
Ray signals to readers that they can expect an examination of the
profound impact that music can have on individuals, society, and
even the natural world. The title also hints at the potential for music
to possess a transformative quality, capable of affecting emotions,
perceptions, and even physical surroundings. It suggests that music
holds a significant and possibly even transcendent power, which may
be explored and celebrated throughout the poem.

At the same the title is deeply ironic because in the poem, the music
is shown as a disruptive force. Instead of having a positive and
uplifting effect, it has a destructive power in the poem, making the
``welkin'' weep and mansions crumble. The ironic title adds to the
poem's humor. It creates a mismatch between what we expect from
music's power and the chaotic reality of Bhisma's singing.

Question 3

He downs his horns and charges straight, with bellow answ’ring

bellow.
The strains of song are tossed and whirled by blast of brutal
violence,
And Bhisma Lochan grants the world the golden gift of silence.

(a) In which season would one hear Bhisma Lochan Sharma

singing? Where would one hear his voice?
Answer : One would hear Bhisma Lochan Sharma singing during the
summer season. One would hear his voice on the hill and on the
plains from Delhi down to Burma.

(b) Give one reason to conclude that Bhisma was passionate about
singing. How did people react when they heard his song?

Answer : He was not bothered about people’s reactions and sang as

if his life depended on it. When people heard his songs, they
became: ``dazed'', ``languish pale'' and sickly, ``retired amazed''
and begged him to stop singing.

(c) How did animals react when they heard Bhisma Lochan
Sharma?

Answer : The animals reacted quite weirdly on hearing Bhisma

Lochan Sharma's singing. The bullock carts overturned, the horses
lined the roadside and whined and stared with feet in the air. In the
aquatic world, the fishes dive below the lake in ``frantic search for
silence''.

(d) After reading the poem, give any three characteristic features
that you can associate with Bhisma Lochan Sharma.

Answer : Bhisma Lochan Sharma is portrayed as a person with

overconfidence in his musical abilities who believes that his singing
has immense power. This trait is humorously exaggerated, as his
confidence is misplaced, given how others react negatively to his
performance.

Sharma seems oblivious to the actual impact of his singing on his

audience. Despite causing discomfort and chaos with his voice, he
remains stubborn and completely unaware of the reactions to his
singing. He continues to sing with gusto, reflecting his detachment
from reality.

Another feature of Bhisma Lochan Sharma is his relentless

persistence. Even when his audience suffers or tries to flee, he
continues his performance undeterred. That adds humour to the
poem.

(e) How did the world get the golden gift of silence? Mention two
ways in which music helps a person.
Answer : In Sukumar Ray's poem `The Power of Music', the world
receives the "golden gift of silence" when Bhisma Lochan Sharma, an
overly confident singer, is attacked by the billy goat with his horns.
As a result of this ``blast of brutal violence'', Sharma finally stops his
off-tune and agonizing performance and ``grants the world the
golden gift of silence''.
Music, on the other hand, can have profound and positive effects on
people, influencing both their emotional and mental well-being.

Music helps a person by triggering the release of dopamine which is a

feel-good hormone and provides comfort. Listening to music can
reduce stress, anxiety, and depression which is why physicians use
music as therapy, helping patients cope with emotional challenges,
process difficult feelings, or even aid in recovering from trauma.

Music also enhances creativity and for many, even helps in focussing
beter. For many, listening to instrumental music while working or
studying improves concentration, allowing them to dive deeper into
their tasks.
STUDY WITH SUDHIR

SWS ICSE CLASS 10 ENGLISH LITERATURE TEST PAPERS

WHEN GREAT TREES FALL SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Question 1.

Read the extract given below and answer the questions that
follow:

When great trees fall in forests,

small things recoil into silence,
their senses eroded by fear.

(a) What effect does the falling of ‘great trees’ have on distant
hills and animals in the jungle?

Answer : The falling of ``great trees'' has a far-reaching impact, both

on nature and living beings. The rocks on the distant hills shudder
while lions hunker or crouch down. Elephants lumber or walk slowly
to safety.

(b) Explain in your own words the line, ‘small things … eroded by
fear’.

Answer : "Small things" represent the less powerful or small

creatures. Their "recoil" signifies a retreat or withdrawal caused by
the loss, a stepping back of sorts. ``Senses eroded beyond fear''
means that the impact goes beyond just fear. "Eroded senses"
suggest a state of numbness or overwhelming shock that surpasses
the normal response of fear. They are so affected that even their
ability to perceive or comprehend is dulled.

This imagery portrays the profound impact of a major loss on

everyone, including those who might seem less affected on the
surface. The loss is so significant that it disrupts their very being,
pushing them beyond a state of fear.

At a human level, this could also mean that even small children feel
the effect of the loss as much as the elders. It also symbolises how
people fall silent in the midst of despair. Their hearts become numb
when they lose someone great.

(c) How is one’s memory affected by the death of a great soul?

Answer : According to Maya Angelou, memory when affected by the

death of a great soul, grows sharp suddenly. One becomes acutely
aware of the person and the relationship as the sharp
memory focuses on regrets and the pain of missed opportunities.
These memories, though precious, feel like a dagger to the soul.
(d) What analogy does Angelou use to describe the death of a
great soul? Give two reasons to show that this analogy is
appropriate.

Answer : In Maya Angelou's poem, the death of a great soul has been
compared to the falling of ``great trees''. This metaphor serves to
illustrate the profound and far-reaching impact of losing someone
influential or powerful. Angelou likens the death of such a soul to
the collapse of towering trees, which cause widespread disturbance
in the natural world, affecting the distant hills, the animals, and the
entire landscape.

This analogy is appropriate because just as the fall of a great tree

shakes the earth and affects the landscape and creatures around it,
the death of a great soul causes ripples in the lives of those who
knew them. The tree's fall symbolizes how such a loss impacts not
only immediate family or friends but society at large. Angelou
captures this by describing how "distant hills tremble" and "small
things recoil," emphasizing the far-reaching effects of such a
departure.

Great trees also represent strength, stability, and endurance. When

they fall, it marks the end of an era, just as the death of a great soul
signifies the end of a legacy or period of influence. However, the
memory of the tree, like the soul, remains, shaping those left behind
and leaving a lasting imprint on the world.

(e) Trace the stages of grief and coming to terms with the loss of a
loved one that Maya Angelou describes in her poem When Great
Trees Fall.
Answer : The stages of grief and coming to terms with loss are vividly
depicted through metaphorical imagery in the poem. It begins with
the shock element of the suddenness of loss, where “great trees
fall,” symbolizing the immense impact of a loved one’s death. The
earth shakes, and “distant hills tremble,” and lions and elephants
behave abnormally, capturing the shock and disarray that death
brings. This stage reflects the immediate disbelief and disorientation
that accompanies the loss of someone significant.

As the poem progresses, Angelou describes how “small things recoil

into silence, their senses eroded beyond fear.” This suggests an
emotional retreat, where the shock gives way to denial or numbness,
and fear becomes overwhelming. In this phase, there’s a struggle to
fully comprehend the magnitude of the loss.

Next comes the stage of regret or remorse over promises that were
not kept. There is a sense of loss as the souls ``shrink'' and minds
``fall away'', emphasizing the emptiness and emotional void left by
the great soul's departure.

But finally, the process of healing takes over and there is acceptance
of the loss and the void. “Ater a period, peace blooms, slowly and
always irregularly.” But while there is acceptance, one does not
forget the loved one’s positive influence.
Question 2.

Our memory, suddenly sharpened,

examines, gnaws on kind words, unsaid,
promised walks never taken.

(a) Why is memory said to be suddenly sharpened?

Answer : The memory of the departed ones is sharpened as the mind

becomes acutely aware of the person and the relationship shared
with him. The mind travels back to recall words that remained
unsaid and promises of walks together were not kept. This memory
of the past is painful and the guilt gnaws at their conscience leaving
them to regret it for a long time.

(b) What is said about the air around us as we hear the news of
the death of a great soul?
Answer : When great souls die, the air around us which is usually a
source of life, becomes ``light, rare and sterile''. Sterile conveys
lacking in warmth and life and thereby its enriching quality and
this suggests a sense of emptiness and detachment after the loss.
The breathing is brief suggesting that the essential activity is not
normal anymore.

(c) What is the impact on our eyes and clarity of thought?

Answer : In the hour of grief, we see the world with ``hurtful clarity''
which refers to the awareness of the loss. The "hurtful clarity"
implies that in the wake of a significant loss, we become acutely
aware of the finality of death and the magnitude of the absence,
which is difficult to bear. This momentary insight provides us with
realization of how deeply interconnected we are with those we lose
and the irreplaceable role they played in our lives. The clarity forces
us to confront the truth of our loss, stripping away any illusions or
denial, and making the emotional weight of the situation
unavoidable.

(d) This poem was a rather personal tribute by Maya Angelou.

Explain.

Answer : Indeed this poem was a rather personal tribute by Maya

Angelou. She wrote this poem in 1987 after the death of her friend
and fellow writer and activist James Baldwin. The poem, which
Angelou read at Baldwin's funeral, compares the deaths of "great"
people to "great trees" falling in a forest. Just as those massive trees
shake the earth and make animals crouch in confusion and fear, the
loss of great individuals sends shockwaves throughout the world.
Eventually, however, people's grief and despair give way to the
invigorating knowledge that the world is a better place because
these "great souls" once passed through it. Angelou was enriched by
her friendship with Baldwin and she felt all these emotions as she
healed from the loss.

(e) Is it possible for us to feel the way Maya Angelou does in this
poem? Explain with an example. (Important)

Answer : Yes, it is possible for us to feel the way Maya Angelou does
in her poem `When Great Trees Fall'. The emotions she conveys of
grief, loss, and eventual healing are universal experiences. Losing
someone who plays a significant role in our lives can evoke a
profound sense of shock and emptiness, followed by a slow journey
toward healing and acceptance.

For example, the loss of a beloved family member, such as a parent

or a grandparent who has been a guiding figure throughout one’s life
can be compared to the falling of a great tree. Initially, their death
brings shock and disbelief, much like Angelou’s description of how
“distant hills tremble” and “small things recoil into silence.” The
world feels altered and unfamiliar without their presence. One may
feel lost, as if something foundational has been removed, similar to
the great tree’s fall.

But as time passes, one begins to reflect on their life, legacy, and
the wisdom they imparted. Eventually, one comes to terms with the
loss, finding comfort in the memories and the way they shaped who
you are. One feels glad for having known them and though the pain
lingers, peace eventually emerges, allowing us to move forward with
their memory as a source of strength.

Question 3.

Our senses, restored, never

to be the same, whisper to us.
They existed. They existed.
We can be. Be and be
better. For they existed.

(a) Why are these lines a turning point in the poem?

Answer : These concluding lines of the poem are a turning point

because they mark a transition from grief and despair to hope and
healing. ``Peace blooms'' as we make an attempt to walk on the
path shown by the departed ``great souls''. The realisation dawns
that we owe our current position to them and we can get better by
following their ideals. The influence of great souls had left an
indelible mark on our senses, altering our understanding of life for
the better.

(b) Explain ``We can be. Be and be better''.

Answer : This line is the heart of the message of the poem. It points
out that the great souls existed and therefore we are empowered to
live a meaningful life. "We can be" suggests the potential for growth
and purpose. "Be and be better" emphasizes the transformative
power of their presence. Their life inspires us to strive to be better
versions of ourselves. The repetition of `Be' puts emphasis on the
idea of existence and implies that we have the potential to make a
positive impact on the world by fully embracing our existence.

(c) What is the significance of the repetition of `They existed' in

this passage?

Answer : "They existed. They existed." is a powerful refrain, a way to

hold onto the memory of the person who impacted us. It is a
testament to their existence and reaffirms their significance in our
lives. The poet by repeating the phrase wishes to emphasise the fact
that the ``great souls'' were not abstract figures by any stretch of
imagination but individuals who left a great impact on the world
with their work. The repetition therefore reinforces the importance
of recognising and honouring their contribution. ``They existed'' also
conveys a sense of gratitude and reaffirms that their influence would
continue to resonate after their death.

(d) Why would the senses never be the same?

Answer : This line suggests a transformative process. When great

figures or "great trees" who symbolize influential people pass away,
their absence causes profound emotional and psychological shifts.
This loss jolts our senses leading to a period of disorientation, grief,
and reflection.

"Restored" indicates that over time, we begin to heal and the initial
shock and numbness begin to fade. But the experience of loss
permanently changes us. We regain our capacity to engage with life,
but we are never quite the same because the impact of that person’s
existence, and their subsequent absence, leaves an indelible mark.
Maya Angelou emphasizes the lasting effect great individuals have on
those left behind. Even though we move forward, the experience of
their greatness and their loss reshapes our perceptions and
understanding of the world. We see, hear, and experience the world
differently after such a significant event.

(e) What does ``soothing electric vibration'' signify? How would

you feel if you were to experience such a vibration?
Answer : ``Soothing electric vibration'' is a metaphor that suggests a
powerful, lingering energy connected to the "great soul." The phrase
evokes a deep, almost mystical sensation of connection and renewal.
This "soothing electric vibration" signifies a heightened awareness or
realization that, though the great person has physically left, their
essence and influence remain alive within us. It suggests a sense of
renewal and continuity, an acknowledgment that their legacy lives
on in the people they touched.

However, the feeling is "soothing" rather than shocking because it

reassures us that despite the pain of their absence, they have left
something behind that vibrates through our lives that connects us to
their memory, inspiring hope and strength. This could represent the
memory of the person, which brings comfort so that it replaces the
loss and the grief.

If I were to feel such a sensation, I might interpret it as a powerful,

yet calming, energy - something that revitalizes the spirit, offering a
sense of comfort and reassurance despite the grief or loss that has
occurred. It is a moment where healing begins, where one feels both
the lingering presence of the lost individual and the subtle,
transformative power that comes from their impact.
STUDY WITH SUDHIR

SWS Test Papers on ICSE 10 English Literature

A CONSIDERABLE SPECK SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Question 1.

Plainly with an intelligence I dealt.

It seemed too tiny to have room for feet,
Yet must have had a set of them complete
To express how much it didn't want to die.
It ran with terror and with cunning crept.

(a) Mention the different aspects of the mite that occur to the
poet in these lines.

Answer : The poet recognises the intelligence of the mite. He also

observes that it was too small to have space to accommodate feet.
He also observes its determination not to die as it cleverly and
frantically runs to save its life.

(b) ``To express how much it didn't want to die''. What does it
tell about the mite?

Answer : The line "To express how much it didn't want to die"
highlights the mite's survival instinct. This tells us that the mite,
despite its minuscule size, possesses an intrinsic will to live and a
clear sense of self-preservation. The speaker interprets the mite's
frantic movements and attempts to avoid being squashed as a
conscious effort to survive.

This revelation reflects not only the mite’s desire for life but also
the speaker's empathy toward even the smallest of creatures. It
suggests that all living beings, regardless of their size or significance,
possess a natural urge to preserve themselves, which the speaker
recognizes and respects.

(c) What did `it' do in the middle of the open sheet? Why?

Answer : In the middle of the open sheet, the mite cowered ``dowon
in desperation'' to accept whatever fate was in store and was given
by the poet. It did so because on that vast expanse, it felt exposed
and vulnerable and at the mercy of the poet. It demonstrated its
fear and a sense of having accepted its fate at that moment.

(d) How does the poet's attitude towards the speck differ from the
``tenderer-than-thou'' love of the modern world?

Answer : The poet's attitude towards the tiny mite differs sharply
from "tenderer-than-thou" love or the superficial compassion
prevalent in the modern world. The poet’s empathy toward the
speck is based on a genuine recognition of the creature’s intelligence
and instinct to survive. He spares its life because he sees in it a
purposeful display of life’s innate will to continue, no matter how
small or insignificant the creature might appear.

In contrast, the phrase "tenderer-than-thou" love criticizes a modern

tendency toward performative compassion which is an exaggerated
and insincere show of care that is more focused on appearances than
genuine empathy. This modern type of compassion is often
superficial, driven by societal expectations, trends, or self-serving
motives rather than a true understanding or concern for the object
of that care. On the other hand, Frost's attitude is more authentic
and not to display kindness for the sake of societal approval.
(e) In the modern world, give an example of ``tenderer-than-
thou'' exhibition of love and concern? What is wrong with it?
(Googly Question)

Answer : In the modern world, an example of ``tenderer-than-thou''

exhibition of love and concern would be how social media
influencers record their acts of charity, done for the purpose of
camera, and share it with the world to get approval from society on
the good deed they do. This could be helping a destitute with food,
clothing or shelter or gifting someone on one's birthday. While the
act itself may be noble, often it has been found that this is done to
boost one's image on social media and to derive commercial
advantage from such a video going viral.

What is wrong with this kind of exhibition is that it often lacks

genuine empathy and borders on hollow tenderness. This type of
"performative love" can dilute the seriousness of the cause and
detract from the efforts of those genuinely working toward positive
change because the act is only done to serve the person expressing it
more than the cause itself.

Question 2.

But this poor microscopic item now !

Since it was nothing I knew evil of
I let it lie there till I hope it slept.

(a) Who is the ``poor microscopic item''? Why is it called this

term?

Answer : The poet refers to the tiny mite as a ``poor microscropic

item'' because of its small size and act of helplessness. It suggests
that the poet has a tender heart that feels sorry for its plight and he
respects the mite despite its size and vulnerability.

(b) Why did the poet let it lie there? Do you think he did the right
thing?

Answer : The poet chose to let the tiny mite lie on his paper rather
than kill it, signifying an act of empathy and reflection. He observes
the creature's frantic movements and recognizes it as displaying signs
of intelligence, which leads him to spare its life. By letting the mite
lie there, the poet acknowledges its struggle for survival, reflecting
on the shared instinct for life that all beings possess, no matter how
small.

From a moral standpoint, the poet’s decision feels like the right
thing to do because it reflects a broader respect for life. His choice
is driven not by sentimentality or recognition in society but by
compassion and a thoughtful recognition of the creature’s awareness
and will to live. This small act of kindness, though seemingly
insignificant, aligns with the poem’s deeper message that life, even
in its most minor forms, deserves consideration.

(c) What does ``since it was nothing I knew evil of'' mean? What
evil is he talking about?

Answer : The line "Since it was nothing I knew evil of" reflects the
poet's moral reasoning for sparing the tiny mite. He acknowledges
that the creature is not something he associates with malice or
wrongdoing. It poses no threat and has not done anything harmful or
evil to warrant being killed. This recognition therefore influences the
poet's decision to let it live.

Therefore the phrase suggests a lack of animosity or reason to view

the mite as deserving punishment. It reflects the speaker’s
thoughtful consideration of whether the creature deserves harm, and
in the absence of any "evil" intent or action, the poet opts for mercy.

(d) What does the decision to spare `it' tell us about the poet?
(Important)

Answer : The poet’s decision to spare the mite shows his deep
sensitivity to life, even in its smallest forms. Rather than dismissing
the mite as insignificant, he recognizes its intelligence and survival
instinct. This act demonstrates that the poet values all life and can
empathize with even the tiniest of creatures. It shows that he is
someone who thinks deeply about the world around him. More
importantly, it also suggests that he follows the tenet of non-
violence. His reasoning that "it was nothing I knew evil of" implies
that the poet chooses not to harm creatures that have not done any
wrong, which hints at the belief in doing things fairly.

(e) Imagine you were the mite. How would you view the poet's
decision to spare your life? Describe the thoughts in your head.
(googly question)

Answer : If I were the mite in Robert Frost’s poem, spared by the

poet’s decision, my thoughts would likely be a mix of relief. As a tiny
creature, I would initially sense the immense danger of being
crushed by the pen poised above me. In that moment of panic, my
instinct for survival would be one of desperately dodging and moving
to avoid what could be the end of my existence.

But when I realize that the poet has spared me, I would feel an
overwhelming sense of relief and gratitude. His decision to let me
live would seem like an unexpected mercy, a moment of grace in a
world where I am so small and insignificant. I would wonder why this
larger being, with all its power over my life, with a weapon of
destruction in his hands, chose not to harm me. I am not sure if I
would understand that it was an acknowledgment of my own struggle
for survival, something we both share in the vastness of existence.

I can only thank the poet - a kind, thoughtful, empathetic figure -

one who sees me not as a nuisance or threat but as a fellow creature
trying to survive.

Question 3.

When something strange about made me think,

This was no dust speck by my breathing blown,
But unmistakably a living mite
With inclinations it could call its own.

(a) What was strange about the speck that attracted the speaker’s
attention? What was it in reality? Describe the speaker's attitude
towards the speck.

Answer : The speaker is initially intrigued by a small, seemingly

insignificant mark on a page. The speck's behavior appears unusual
and almost purposeful in terms of wanting to escape, which captures
the speaker's attention. He notices that the speck moves with
"intelligence'', suggesting it has some form of awareness or purpose,
which is strange because it is just a tiny speck.

In reality, the speck is a mite, a tiny insect, which the speaker

eventually realizes. Despite its small size, the mite's movements are
interpreted as deliberate and intelligent, leading the speaker to
reflect on the mite's survival instincts.

The speaker's attitude towards the speck is one of curiosity, wonder

and contemplation. At first, he is intrigued by the speck's seemingly
intelligent behavior and admires its survival skills. The speaker even
personifies the mite, attributing human-like qualities to it. There is a
sense of fascination with how this tiny creature manages to exist and
move with such purpose, despite its insignificance in the grand
scheme of things.

As the poem progresses, the speaker's attitude shifts slightly toward

a more **philosophical reflection** on the nature of life and
intelligence. The mite's survival and movement make him consider
the idea of intelligence not only in humans but in all living creatures,
no matter how small. There is a subtle irony in the speaker's
attention to the mite, as it seems to embody a kind of wisdom or
awareness that humans might overlook.
(b) What made the speaker realise that the mite had a mind of its
own as well as intelligence? Give three reasons to justify your
answer. [Recall & Understanding]

Answer : The speaker realises that the mite has a mind of its own
and intelligence through its actions which were full of purpose. The
mite is not aimlessly moving around the page and instead it was
trying to move to avoid the speaker’s pen. The speaker notes how
the mite moves "plainly with an intelligence," suggesting that the
creature is aware of its surroundings and is acting to preserve itself.

Similarly, it starts running towards the place where the ink was not
dry and loathed the taste or smell of the ink. It shows it has
cognitive awareness. It also shows that it reacts to external stimulus
in the manner in which it reacts to the speaker's move to poise his
pen in air. The mite was immediately aware of the potential danger.

(c) Analyse the speaker's decision to let the mite live. What does
this reveal about his character? [Analysis]

Answer : The speaker’s decision to let the mite live reflects a deep
sense of empathy. He initially sees the mite as a mere speck but
quickly realizes that it is a living creature with intelligence and
survival instincts. The decision to not harm the mite reveals his
sensitivity to life, even in its smallest forms. Despite the mite's
insignificance in the overall scheme of things, the speaker
acknowledges its right to exist. This suggests that the speaker values
life, no matter how small or inconsequential it may seem.

Second, it highlights his contemplative nature. Rather than

dismissing the speck as unimportant, he takes the time to observe
and understand its behavior, thinking about its intelligence and right
to survive. The speaker's ability to reflect on such a tiny creature
shows a broader philosophical outlook, one that respects the
interconnectedness of all living things.
(d) How would you evaluate the significance of the poem’s
ending? Why is the discovery of a ‘display of mind' so important to
the speaker? [Evaluate]

Answer : The ending of the poem emphasizes the speaker’s discovery

of intelligence in even the smallest of creatures. The "display of
mind" in the tiny mite is crucial to the speaker because it contrasts
sharply with his early expectations. The speaker’s recognition of the
mite’s intelligence at the end underscores his appreciation for life in
its smallest forms. The mite’s struggle for survival mirrors a larger,
universal truth about life, intelligence, and existence, which the
speaker finds worth contemplating.

The "display of mind" becomes even more significant when

considered against the backdrop of human behavior. The subtle irony
in the poem suggests that even this minuscule creature exhibits more
care and instinct than those who are intellectually capable but often
fail to act thoughtfully.

(e) What is the central theme of the poem? How does the
speaker's action illustrate the theme of the poem? If you have to
give the poem a different title, what will it be? Give a reason for
your answer.

Answer : The central theme of Robert Frost’s poem `A Considerable

Speck' revolves around awareness, intelligence, and the value of life,
even in its smallest forms. The poem explores how intelligence and
purpose can be found in the most unexpected places, represented by
the tiny mite the speaker discovers. It raises questions about what
constitutes life’s significance, drawing parallels between the mite’s
behavior and human consciousness.

The speaker’s action of letting the mite live illustrates this theme of
respect for life and humane consideration. Instead of dismissing the
creature as insignificant, the speaker acknowledges its intelligence
and survival instinct. This reflects the theme that life, no matter
how small, is worthy of attention and respect.

If I were to give the poem a different title, it could be `Survival

on Paper'. This title captures the essence of the speaker's realization
that even a tiny creature like a mite displays intelligence in order to
survive. `Survival on Paper' also will lend an ironic twist because the
mite will not just survive in theory but also in practice. This
alternate title will highlight the value of life’s smallest entities.
STUDY WITH SUDHIR

ICSE CLASS 10 ENGLISH LITERATURE QUESTION BANK

HAUNTED HOUSES SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Note : Please see the explanation video on the Study with Sudhir
explanation video first.

Question 1.

All houses wherein men have lived and died

Are haunted houses. Through the open doors
The harmless phantoms on their errands glide,
With feet that make no sound upon the floors.

(a) In what way has the poet used the word `phantom'? Why does
he describe phantoms as `harmless'?

Answer : In HW Longfellow's poem `Haunted Houses', the poet uses

the word `phantom' metaphorically to refer to the lingering presence
of past occupants of a house, not as frightening ghosts, but as
``harmless'' and gentle reminders of the people who once lived
there. These phantoms represent the emotional and spiritual
imprints of the people who inhabited the home and whose lives
continue to echo in the house’s rooms and spaces, even after their
death.

The poet describes the phantoms as "harmless" because they do not

evoke fear or danger. Instead of being malevolent spirits, they are
peaceful, non-threatening presences that simply exist in the
background, carrying out their former routines or remaining
connected to the house. Their "harmlessness" reflects the idea that
these spirits, or the memories they represent, are part of the natural
cycle of life, offering a comforting view of death and the past rather
than a frightening one.

(b) In what way is the idea of death represented differently in this

poem?

Answer : The idea of death is represented in a more serene and

reflective way and not in the usual morbid and frightening manner.
The poet presents death as a continuation of life’s presence, with
the dead remaining in the form of gentle, harmless "phantoms" who
still inhabit their former homes. These phantoms do not haunt in a
terrifying sense, but in a ``harmless'' way, they represent memory
and the enduring impact of human lives.

The poet emphasizes that these spirits are silent and invisible,
representing the lingering influence of the past rather than actual
ghosts. Death, in this view, is not something to be feared but a
natural part of existence, where those who have passed away are
still spiritually connected to the spaces they once inhabited.
Longfellow's approach thus conveys a comforting, almost eternal link
between the living and the dead.

(c) What does the phrase `All Houses' mean in the poem?

Answer : By stating that "all houses" are haunted, the poet suggests
that every home, not just those traditionally considered eerie or
abandoned, holds the presence and memories of past occupants.
This broader perspective expands the concept of a haunted house
from a place of fear to a symbol of life's continuity and the lasting
impact of human existence.

He justifies it by saying that the "phantoms" that dwell in these

houses are not malevolent spirits but the lingering impressions of
those who lived and loved in these spaces. Longfellow uses the word
"haunted" metaphorically, implying that every house is filled with
the invisible, emotional traces of the past. The significance of "all
houses" therefore is that every home, regardless of its condition,
carries the weight of history, the memories of the dead, and the
echoes of lives once lived.

(d) What errands are being spoken about here?

Answer : The ``errands'' refer to the unfinished business that the

``phantoms'' seem to have in the world of living beings. Their
movement therefore is with a sense of purpose, not aimless
wandering. However, these errands are not literal tasks but
symbolic of the lives once lived within the house.

These errands could symbolize ordinary actions like walking through

the halls, tending to household tasks, or moving through the rooms,
reflecting the everyday rhythm of life that the former inhabitants
once followed. The phantoms do not interact with the living, but
their "errands" represent the lingering memory of those who once
dwelled in the house, making the past feel present through these
silent, ghostly routines.

(e) After reading this poem, will you be scared to go into a

haunted house? How do you think you are likely to react?

Answer : After reading HW Longfellow's poem "Haunted Houses," I

would be less scared to go into a haunted house. The poem offers a
perspective on haunting that is not rooted in fear, but in reflection
and a connection with the past. Longfellow describes the
``phantoms'' in these houses as "harmless" and "silent," suggesting
that they are not malevolent or dangerous. Instead, they represent
the lingering memories of those who once lived there, continuing
their routines in a peaceful, almost invisible way. This portrayal
diminishes the typical association of haunted houses with fear or
terror.

The use of phrases like "impalpable impressions" and ``as the

pictures on the wall'' evokes an atmosphere of quiet presence, not
one of disturbance or malice. Thus the phantoms are the living dead,
not in a frightening sense, but as reminders of the past’s gentle hold
on the present. This gives the impression that a haunted house is
more of a space where memories reside, not a place filled with
danger.

Given this interpretation, my reaction would likely be one of

curiosity and contemplation rather than fear. I would view the house
as a space filled with the quiet echoes of past lives, and I might feel
a sense of reverence rather than dread.

Question 2.

We have no title deeds to house or lands;

Owners and occupants of earlier dates
From graves forgotten stretch their dusty hands,
And hold in mortmain still their old estates.

(a) ``We have no title deeds'' seems to suggest that the present
inhabitants do not have legal ownership of the houses and lands
mentioned? Explain.
Answer : The line "We have no title deeds" suggests that the current
inhabitants do not possess legal ownership over the houses and
lands. However, this is in a deeper, symbolic sense and not in a
literal one. This phrase emphasizes the idea that no one truly owns
the houses or the lands because they have been passed down through
generations, and the physical presence of the living is temporary.

So Longfellow is reflecting on the impermanence of life and the

transitory nature of ownership. Although the present inhabitants may
reside in the house, they are merely the latest in a long line of
occupants. The "phantoms" or spirits of those who lived before still
metaphorically "hold" the house, as they have left their memories
and spiritual presence behind. These former residents, even though
long gone, continue to own the essence of the place, as their
influence persists.

The lack of "title deeds" implies that the living only temporarily
occupy the space, while the past generations have a more lasting,
emotional claim. This concept reflects the poem's theme of the
continuity between the past and present, where no one can truly
claim full ownership of something that outlasts individual lifetimes.

(b) How can owners and occupants stretch their dusty hands from
graves forgotten?

Answer : The image of "owners and occupants stretch[ing] their dusty

hands from graves forgotten" is a metaphorical and poetic way of
expressing how the past inhabitants of a house continue to have a
presence, even though they are long dead and perhaps forgotten by
the living.

The phrase "dusty hands" symbolizes the physical decay and passage
of time, as their bodies have turned to dust in their graves. Yet,
despite this physical deterioration, their metaphorical "hands" still
reach out, suggesting that their influence or memory lingers in the
house. These former owners and occupants may be forgotten in
terms of name or personal history but their spirits or the traces of
their lives still persist in the home.

This imagery of the dusty hands represents the idea that the essence
of the past remains active in the present. It emphasizes the
continuity between the past and present, showing how the dead are
never completely gone and their influence endures.

(c) Why are the graves forgotten?

Answer : The graves are described as "forgotten" to convey the

passage of time and the inevitable fading of memory. Over
generations, the names, lives, and identities of those who once lived
in the house are lost or neglected by the living. As time moves
forward, the former owners and occupants become distant figures
from the past, and their graves, once perhaps visited or
remembered, are now neglected or forgotten entirely.

So the phrase "graves forgotten" symbolises the impermanence of

human memory and how even those who were once important in
their homes or communities eventually fade from the collective
consciousness. Despite this forgetfulness, Longfellow suggests that
their presence persists in the form of **phantoms** or lingering spirits
that still occupy the house in some way. These forgotten graves
highlight the poem's theme of the continuity between the past and
present.

(d) What is the dark abyss alluded to in the poem?

Answer : "Dark abyss" which literally would mean a

bottomless hole, could refer to the vast unknown of the spirit
world or the depths of the subconscious mind. It is the deep
unchartered territory of the unknown aspects of our lives which is
like an infinite space of afterlife. It is this mysterious space that
separates the world of the living from the ``spirit-world''. The
memory of the past and the lessons learned from it can act as a
beacon of light that arouses our desires to dwell into the
mysterious unknown, further enabling us to achieve better
understanding.

(e) How does the poet's ``bridge of light'' contribute to the

mystery element of the poem?

Answer : The poem presents a metaphorical image of the ``bridge of

light'' that connects the world of the spirits and the present living
world. This adds an element of mystery and intrigue to the poem as
the bridge becomes a powerful metaphor for the mysterious and
unseen influences that exist beyond the physical world. The abstract
nature of the idea will make the reader imagine the unseen elements
that influence our thoughts and determine how we understand the
spiritual aspect.

Question 3.

The stranger at my fireside cannot see

The forms I see, nor hear the sounds I hear;
He but perceives what is; while unto me
All that has been visible and clear.

(a) How is the speaker's perception different from that of the

stranger?

Answer : The speaker’s perception is different from that of the

stranger. The stranger views the houses as eerie and abandoned and
lifeless remnants of a bygone era, haunted by ghosts and spirits of
the past. On the other hand, the speaker perceives the houses as
places that still retain the presence of past lives and memories. For
the speaker, the souls of the departed continue to inhabit these
homes in a meaningful way, creating an enduring connection
between the past and present.

(b) Who is ‘I’ in the above stanza, and who is referred to as ‘he’ in
the third line of the stanza? Who is the present occupant of the
house?

Answer : ‘I’ in the above stanza is the narrator. ‘He’ is the stranger
by the fireside. The present occupant of the house is the narrator.

(c) Why does the poet feel that all houses are haunted?

Answer : The poet suggests that all houses are haunted because they
carry the memories, emotions, and invisible traces of those who
lived there before. The poet feels that homes are imbued with the
spirits of past occupants, not in the sense of literal ghosts, but
through the lingering presence of their lives, actions, and
experiences.

Longfellow portrays these "haunts" as the echoes of human existence

and says there is a connection between the world of spirits and the
human world. He views these homes as repositories of the past,
where the essence of former dwellers remains even though they are
gone and every soul that departs lingers on earth, revisiting their
favorite places.

(d) Give any three characteristic features of the phantoms as

mentioned in the poem Haunted Houses.

Answer : The phantoms are described as silent and invisible who do

not make their presence known in a tangible way but exist subtly,
like shadows or impressions. They move quietly through the houses,
gliding around as they go about their errands but unseen by the
living, emphasizing their ethereal nature.

They are described as ``harmless'' and gentle and do not evoke

fear. They do not harm or disturb the living, but instead, they
continue their old routines or remain connected to the places they
once called home, reflecting a peaceful and almost comforting
presence.

The phantoms are tied to the memories and actions of their former
lives. They symbolize the emotional and spiritual residue left by
those who lived in the houses, bound by the past but not actively
interacting with the present. They leave impalpable impressions in
the air.

(e) Where in the house do we meet these phantoms?

Answer : We meet these phantoms at the doorway, on the stairs,

along the passages. We also meet them at the table where they are
not invited but they still sit with the guests. We also meet them in
the illuminated hall.

In other words, the phantoms are believed to "haunt" the rooms

where the former inhabitants once lived their lives. Their presence
suggests that these rooms carry the emotional and spiritual residue
of the past. By passing through the doorway and the passages, they
symbolise the continuity of life even after the person has gone.
STUDY WITH SUDHIR

SWS QUESTION BANK FOR ICSE 10 ENGLISH LITERATURE

THE GLOVE AND THE LIONS SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Note : You are advised to read all answers at least 4-5 times
before your exams. They will help you both with understanding
and revision. This is after you have seen my free videos on
YouTube.

Question 1.

Read the extract given below from the poem and answer the
questions that follow:

Said Francis then, ``Faith, gentlemen, we're better here than

there.''
De Lorge's love o'erheard the King

(a) Why did Francis say this to the gentlemen?

Answer : In Leigh Hunt's poem `The Glove and the Lions', King
Francis says "Faith, gentlemen, we're better here than there," to
express his relief or preference for staying safely in the stands,
observing the spectacle of the lions from a distance, rather than
being down in the dangerous arena with the beasts.

(b) Who overhears what Francis says to the gentlemen? Describe

the person's looks.

Answer : The lady who is in love with Count De Lorge overhears King
Francis' comment. This lady had smiling lips and sharp bright eyes
which always seemed to shine.

(c) What is the thought that occurs to the person when she
overhears Francis?

Answer : The Lady thinks that her lover, Count De Lorge is ``brave
as brave can be'' and would do ``wondrous things'' to prove his love
for the lady. She sees it as an opportunity to test his love for her. It
was a vain thought that did not think of the dangers the challenge
would pose to the life of the man who loved her. It was also a move
that would show her as coveted greatly by the Count, enhancing her
own prestige and boosting her ego and vanity.

(d) What happens soon after this line is spoken?

Answer : Soon after this line is spoken, the lady throws her glove into
the lions' pit, prompting the Count to risk his life in order to retrieve
it. It was literally walking into the lion's den because his safety was
compromised. However, since he felt it was a challenge thrown at
him and he had to prove his macho personality, he threw caution to
the winds and leaped into the pit.

(e) The person thought ``great glory will be mine''. Did it indeed
turn out that way?

Answer : No, it did not turn out the way the lady expected. Although
she thought she would gain "great glory" by testing Count de Lorge's
bravery in front of everyone, the outcome was quite different from
what she had anticipated.

When she throws her glove into the lion’s den, expecting the Count
to risk his life to retrieve it and thereby prove his love and courage,
the Count does indeed retrieve the glove. However, instead of
earning her admiration or praise, he throws the glove back in her
face, in effect, shunning her. This act shows that Count de Lorge saw
through her manipulative test of his bravery. He felt insulted rather
than honored, recognizing that the lady's challenge was not
motivated by genuine affection or respect, but rather by a desire to
gain attention and glory at his expense. As a result, the lady’s
attempt to gain glory backfires, and instead of being celebrated, she
is publicly shamed by King Francis.

Thus the poem is a critique of manipulative display of affection and

suggests that genuine love and courage are not about proving oneself
through dangerous or dramatic gestures for the sake of vanity.

Question 2.

Read the extract given below from the poem and answer the
questions that follow:
``By God,'' said Francis. ``rightly done!'' and he, rose from
where he sat:
``No love,'' quoth he, ``but vanity sets love a task like that.''

(a) Who is Francis? What does he refer to as ``rightly done''?

Answer : Francis is the King referred to in the poem by Leigh Hunt.

He refers to the act of throwing the lady's glove in her face by Count
De Lorge. This was after the lady had thrown her glove into the lion
pit, challenging her lover to retrieve it.

(b) Francis exclaims `By God'. What does it convey?

Answer : `By God' that King Francis exclaims, is an expression of

his approval of the Count's decision to throw the glove back in the
lady's face. He recognizes the absurdity of the Lady's move which put
the Count in an extremely perilous situation. He realises that the
lady was vain and appreciates the Count for rejecting such a
superficial lady who put him to such a dangerous test of love merely
to boost her ego.

(c) Why does Francis say that only vanity sets love a task like that?

Answer : King Francis recognizes that the lady's request for Count De
Lorge to retrieve her glove from the lion's pit was motivated solely
by vanity. She was not genuinely concerned about the Count's safety
or well-being. She was merely seeking public admiration and
validation for having a lover who was so smitten by her. By setting
such a dangerous task that could have taken his life, she prioritized
her own ego over the potential consequences for the Count.

Francis understands that true love is based on respect, compassion,

and mutual understanding. It is not driven by egotistical demands or
a need for public spectacle. By calling out the lady's vanity, he
highlights the absurdity of her request and the detrimental impact of
such a self-centered approach to love.
(d) What is the lesson from the episode for the Lady?
Answer : The lesson for the Lady is that true love is not about absurd
tests of courage. It is about respect, understanding, and genuine
care for one's partner. Her demand for the Count to retrieve her
glove from the lion's pit was a vain and selfish act that put his life in
danger. If the lady indeed learnt a lesson from the disgust displayed
by the Count and the King's admonition, it would teach her that true
love should not be based on ego or pride, but on empathy, respect
and compassion.

(e) What would have happened if the Count had not reacted in the
manner he did after retrieving the glove? (Always prepare for
opinion-based questions like these)

Answer : If the Count had not reacted in the way he did, he is likely
to have faced continued manipulation and exploitation from the
lady. He might have been subjected to further dangerous and absurd
challenges, all in the name of love and chivalry. He would have also
compromised his own dignity and self-respect by submitting to the
lady's demands. He would have reinforced the idea that a man's
worth is determined by his willingness to perform extravagant and
potentially harmful acts for a woman's approval.

Furthermore, by not rejecting the lady's request, the Count would

have encouraged her unrealistic expectations in the relationship. He
would have contributed to the normalization of harmful behaviors
that prioritize ego and vanity over genuine love and respect.

Therefore, the Count's reaction was not only a personal assertion of

his worth but also a challenge to the societal norms that
stereotype men as `macho creatures'. His decision to reject the
lady's demand was a courageous act that exposed the absurdity of
chivalric love and encouraged a more authentic and respectful
approach to relationships.

Question 3.

Read the extract given below from the poem and answer the
questions that follow: (Item Bank Question)
De Lorge’s love o’erheard the King, a beauteous lively dame
With smiling lips and sharp bright eyes, which always seemed the
same;
She thought, the Count my lover is brave as brave can be;

(a) Which King is being referred to in the above lines? What did
the lady do? What was the immediate cause that triggered her
thought?

Answer : King Francis is being referred to in the above lines. The

lady dropped the glove in the pit where the ferocious lions were
fighting. King Francis remarked that it was safer for them to be
seated far above the pit than where the lions were fighting below.
That triggered the thought in the lady's mind that she would test the
valour of her lover, Count De Lorge to see if he was brave enough to
retrieve the lady's glove from the lion pit.

(b) How did the Count react to her action? What did he do later?
Why?

Answer : As soon as the lady dropped her glove and looked at Count
De Lorge and smiled, the Count bowed and, ``in a moment, leapt
among the lions''. His leap was swift, and the return was quick as
well. As soon as he regained his place, he threw the glove at the
lady’s face in anger. This reaction was because he understood her
motives, which were not love but arrogance and vanity.

(c) Describe the fight between the lions in the pit. (This kind of
question will test your recall ability. Use Keywords)

Answer : The ferocious lions ``ramped and roared'' with ``horrid

laughing jaws''. They bit, they glared and tore into one another.
Their blows were powerful, like beams, and the wind seemed to
move alongside their paws. They rolled over each other, and their
manes were covered with sand and blood. It was a savage fight, and
bloody foam whisked through the air. It made for a scary sight to the
royals and the nobles assembled who felt safer being away from the
lion pit.

(d) What message is the poet trying to convey through the poem?
Answer : The message conveyed by the poem `The Glove and the
Lions' is that allowing pride and vanity instead of love to dictate
one's actions can be dangerous and can even put another person's life
in danger. It also satirises the concept of chivalric love and makes a
statement against stereotyping of men as `macho' creatures who
are constantly expected to `prove' themselves to their lady love.
So the poet Leigh Hunt wants to convey that true love needs no
validation and someone who loves truly would never put the life of a
beloved in danger.

(e) What does the glove symbolise for: (i) the Count (ii) the Lady.

How would you describe the Count’s mood at the end of the
poem?
Answer : For the Count, the glove presents a difficult challenge to
prove his valour, and chivalry.

For the Lady, the glove is a mere tool to seek the attention of
everyone present including King Francis. It is also a representation of
her vanity.

The mood of the Count after he retrieved the glove was furious and
angry as he could see through the lady’s cunning motive. He was
disillusioned with the lady and felt a sense of betrayal because he
had believed that the lady truly loved him but he had been put to
harm in such a manner. He realises that her motive was not so much
to get the glove back but to make a public spectacle of her worth.
The result however was the opposite as the lady’s spell over the
Count was broken and the Count felt hurt and humiliated.