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Chapter4 Prob5

The document presents a system of equations solved using the Gauss elimination method. It details the transformation of the equations into matrix form, the steps of Gaussian elimination, and the back substitution process to find the solution. The final solution to the system is x1 = 2, x2 = 4, x3 = 1, and x4 = 3.

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51 views2 pages

Chapter4 Prob5

The document presents a system of equations solved using the Gauss elimination method. It details the transformation of the equations into matrix form, the steps of Gaussian elimination, and the back substitution process to find the solution. The final solution to the system is x1 = 2, x2 = 4, x3 = 1, and x4 = 3.

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skibidipapap
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1

4.5 Solve the following system of equations with the Gauss elimination method.
2x 1 + x 2 – x 3 + 4x 4 = 19
– x 1 – 2x 2 + x 3 + 2x 4 = – 3
2x 1 + 4x 2 + 2x 3 + x 4 = 25
– x 1 + x 2 – x 3 – 2x 4 = – 5

Solution
The system of equations in matrix form is:

2 1 –1 4 x1 19
–1 –2 1 2 x2
= 3
–
2 4 2 1 x3 25
–1 1 –1 –2 x4 –5

a 21 –1 a 31 2 a 41 –1
With m 21 = ------
- = ------ = – 0.5 , m 31 = ------
- = --- = 1 , and m 41 = ------
- = ------ = – 0.5 , the first pass with
a 11 2 a 11 2 a 11 2
Gaussian elimination yields:

2 1 –1 4 x1 19
0 – 1.5 0.5 4 x2 6.5
=
0 3 3 –3 x3 6
0 1.5 – 1.5 0 x4 4.5

a' 32 3 a' 42 1.5


Next, with m 32 = -------
- = ---------- = – 2 , m 42 = -------
- = ---------- = – 1 , the second pass with Gaussian elimina-
a' 22 – 1.5 a' 22 – 1.5
tion yields:

2 1 –1 4 x1 19
0 – 1.5 0.5 4 x2 6.5
=
0 0 4 5 x3 19
0 0 –1 4 x4 11

a″ 43 –1
Next, with m 43 = ---------
- = ------ = – 0.25 , the third pass with Gaussian elimination yields:
a″ 33 4

Excerpts from this work may be reproduced by instructors for distribution on a not-for-profit basis
for testing or instructional purposes only to students enrolled in courses for which the textbook
has been adopted. Any other reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted by
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copyright owner is unlawful.
2

2 1 –1 4 x1 19
0 – 1.5 0.5 4 x 2 = 6.5
0 0 4 5 x3 19
0 0 0 5.25 x 4 15.75

15.75 19 – 5 ( 3 ) 6.5 – 0.5 ( 1 ) – 4 ( 3 )


Using back substitution, x 4 = ------------- = 3 , x 3 = ----------------------- = 1 , x 2 = ---------------------------------------------- = 4 , and
5.25 4 – 1.5
19 – 1 ( 4 ) – ( – 1 ) ( 1 ) – 4 ( 3 )
x 1 = ----------------------------------------------------------------- = 2 . Thus, the solution is: x 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 = 2 4 1 3 .
2

Excerpts from this work may be reproduced by instructors for distribution on a not-for-profit basis
for testing or instructional purposes only to students enrolled in courses for which the textbook
has been adopted. Any other reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted by
Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the permission of the
copyright owner is unlawful.

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