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Chapter2 Prob35

The document presents a formula for calculating the resistance to blood flow in an artery branching from a major artery, involving parameters such as diameters, angle, and distances. It includes a problem-solving section where the angle that minimizes flow resistance is derived and a specific case is solved for a given angle and diameter. The document also notes copyright permissions for educational use of its content.

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60 views1 page

Chapter2 Prob35

The document presents a formula for calculating the resistance to blood flow in an artery branching from a major artery, involving parameters such as diameters, angle, and distances. It includes a problem-solving section where the angle that minimizes flow resistance is derived and a specific case is solved for a given angle and diameter. The document also notes copyright permissions for educational use of its content.

Uploaded by

skibidipapap
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1

2.35 An artery that branches from another more major


artery has a resistance for blood flow that is given by:
L – H cot θ H csc θ
R flow = K ⎛ ------------------------- + ----------------⎞
⎝ 4 4 ⎠
D d
where R flow is the resistance to blood flow from the major
to the branching artery along path ABC (see diagram), d is
the diameter of the smaller, branching artery, D is the diam-
eter of the major artery, θ is the angle that the branching
vessel makes with the horizontal, or axis, of the major artery,
and L and H are the distances shown in the figure.
(a) Find the angle θ that minimizes the flow resistance in terms of d and D.
(b) If θ = 45° , and D = 5 mm, what is the value of d that minimizes the resistance to blood flow?
Solution
(a)
∂R flow
R flow is given as a function of θ . To minimize R flow , set -------------- - = 0 . This yields:
∂θ
∂R flow KH d 1 KH- -----
d- ⎛ ----------
1 -⎞ KH 1 cos θ
- = – -------4- ------ ⎛ -----------⎞ + -------
-------------- - – KH
= -------4- ----------- -------- ------------ = 0
∂θ D dθ ⎝ tan θ ⎠ d
4 dθ ⎝ sin θ⎠ 2
D sin θ d sin θ
4 2

4
d-
Multiplying through by sin 2 θ and dividing through by ( KH ) yields cos θ = -----
4
, from which the value of θ
D
⎛d 4⎞
that minimizes R flow can be found: θ = cos –1 ⎜ -----4-⎟ . The fact that this value of θ minimizes R flow can be
⎝D ⎠

flow ∂R
- > 0 for this value of θ .
determined by the second derivative test which shows that --------------
∂θ

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