CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS

It is a set of elements, materials, techniques, tools, procedures and equipment,

which are characteristic of a particular type of building. A clear example of an
element is the so-called "brick." This piece allows you to build walls, floors and
ceilings. It also has the ability to create numerous shapes with the same piece,
such as: vaults, arches, etc.
Furthermore, as a second concept, it is said that a construction system is a set of
elements that allows the construction of: floors, walls and ceilings. In addition, they
have the ability to create numerous functions.

TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS:

 CONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS: These are regulated by
national standards according to the national building regulations (RNE) and
the national construction regulations (RNC), among which we have:

 TRADITIONAL OR CONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM: It

is a reinforced concrete structure based on columns and is the most
widespread in Latin America, the oldest in the world and the most solid
and durable. A traditional system is one composed of a load-bearing
wall structure (bricks, stone, or blocks, etc.) or reinforced concrete.

 WOODEN STRUCTURE SYSTEM: It is an economical system with

good insulation. It is mainly used indoors in wooded areas, and has a
special integration with the environment. There are those made entirely
 of wood, horizontally one on top of the other, fitted at the corners, or with
an independent wooden structure system and interior and exterior
wooden walls in the form of slats.

 UNCONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM: The use of

unconventional materials in the construction of structural systems has
allowed the implementation of techniques for the development of more
economical and efficient constructions, which can be massively applied in
future urbanizations and social development projects. In order to enhance
the application and construction with these materials, and also the
combination of new materials with traditional ones, prefabricated
construction emerges, a construction system using panels, whose
particularity is assembly by assembly or fixing.

These non-conventional construction systems are in accordance with standards

and approved with a resolution by the Research and Standardization Management
of SENCICO (National Training Service for the Construction Industry) of the
Ministry of Housing, Construction and Sanitation. There are many that have been
approved at the time, but are not currently in force and others are currently in force,
such as:
 SCNC APPROVED
FULL-PANEL SYSTEM
001 FASTTECHOS 049
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAYERED
PANELS
002 UNICRETER 050 ESMAVIO I
003 INGECON 051 CALIFORNIA HOUSES
004 READY 052 EFE STRUCTURES
005 COPREL 053 MR2
006 ING. EDUARDO YUONG BAZO SA 054 CONTECH FORMWORK SYSTEM
007 STALTON 055 UNIMODUL
008 SHELLEY 056 TUBULAR PANELS
009 OUTINORD 057 THE QUEEN
010 TRACORA 058 JENFRAN
011 PREKAR 059 NO-FINISHES
012 EB 060 COSAPI BOOTHS
013 PUCARA 061 ARMED COMPONENTS SA
014 ISOC 062 LINDAL SA
015 EMVISA 063 ABC MODULAR CONSTRUCTION
016 EMSA 064 PREFABRICATED QUINCHA *
017 CIMSA 065 CREMADERA
018 BRI 066 HAVISA
019 PERCH-HUASI 067 PRESOLA ROOFS
ASISEMIC HOUSING CONSTRUCTIONS
020 BR-2 068
(CAV)
021 SIMPLEX CEPOL 069 IMMEDIATE HOME
022 ASTRO HOUSES 070 FORTE SYSTEM
023 METALOSE 071 TECHOSET SYSTEM
024 GAL 072 REDI
025 BENAVIDES AND COSTA 073 CAÑACRET
026 DURACRET 074 DURABO
027 BINISHELLS 075 CAST PANEL
CMS WOODEN CONSTRUCTION FIRTH PRESTRESSED BEAMS AND ITS
028 076
SYSTEMS EXTENSION
ETERNIT DRY CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM
029 READY LIGHT 077
030 DICKER STACKE-SACK INTERNATIONAL 078 SIDERCASA
031 MURACRET 079 COFESUD
032 DFC 080 WALLTECH
033 THE MYRTLES 081 CITY OF GOD
034 KNOW 082 EMMEDUE (M2)
CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS FOR
035 HOUSING WITH ASBESTOS- 083 SUPER WALL
CEMENT PANELS TYPE ACM
PERUVIAN FOUNDATION FOR
036 THE DEVELOPMENT OF PEOPLE 084 LIVING WELL
(FPDP)
037 MODULATED PORTICOS 085 EVG-3D AND ITS EXTENSION
MONOLIT PG.001 FORMWORK
038 086 LLAXTA
SYSTEM
039 CERAMICRETE 087 TIKA BLOCKS
040 IMAXA 088 NEXCOM
041 SERP 089 ALITEC
042 MARS PREFABRICATED BEAMS 090 ISOLFORG
043 PREFAMET 091 VIGACERO
044 ARMO 092 TECNO FAST
ADVANCED
045 093 PRELIMA PREFABRICATED HOUSING
CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS
(SAC)
046 STABILIZED MODULES 094 PREFABRICATED PRELIMA SLABS
ETERNIT DRY CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM
047 FIBRACRETE 095
048 TAPESA PREFABRICATED 096 CONCRETE DECK SYSTEM

CURRENT SCNV
CURRENT NON-CONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS:

1) WALLTECH SYSTEM:

MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 231-2009-HOUSING, dated August 21, 2009

It consists of modular panels based on vertical trusses and horizontal steel

reinforcements, which form a structural grid, on which an expanded metal mesh is
placed. The panel is protected against corrosion by alkyd-based paint. The panels
are connected to each other to form the walls of homes or buildings in general. The
modules are manufactured with the corresponding openings for doors and
windows.
The panel faces are covered with simple cement mortar, creating a void between
them. The panels are joined together by means of vertical connectors that transmit
normal and shear stresses.
Optimizes construction time and labor by including all types of installations in its
panels.

 Proponent: NETCORPERU SAC

 Address: Av. Guillermo Prescott No. 476 – San Isidro – Lima.
 Telephone: 610 1300 extension 360.

2) CITY OF GOD SA SOCIAL HOUSING PROGRAM

MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 253-2009-HOUSING, dated September 24,

2009.
This system consists of the integration of a structure formed by 0.97 m concrete
panels, confined with a frame structure built using folded profiles (formed from cold
bent plates), which comprise posts spaced on average 0.97 m, rails at the top and
bottom of each panel, which form the structural system.
The roof is assembled using 1¼” x 4” section wooden beams, which are placed
parallel to the façade, simply supported by the strapping.
Corrugated roofing sheets are placed on top of the roof.

 Proponent: SOCIAL AND HUMANITARIAN SERVICES

CENTER OF THE HOGAR DE CRISTO – SHC
 Address: Jr. Castilla 509 – San Miguel – Lima.
 Telephone: 715 6163 - 715 6164

ISOMETRIC

3) M2
(EMMEDUE):
MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 045-2010-HOUSING, of March 12, 2010

It is based on a set of corrugated expanded polystyrene panels, with a

reinforcement attached to their faces, consisting of high-resistance galvanized
steel meshes, linked together by electro-welded steel connectors.
These panels, placed on site according to the architectural layout of walls,
partitions and slabs, are completed “in situ” by applying mortar or micro concrete,
through pneumatic propulsion devices. In this way, the panels form the vertical and
horizontal structural elements of a building, with a load-bearing capacity that meets
the demands of its corresponding structural calculation.
Additionally, the thermo-acoustic characteristics of the panel allow the system to be
used in projects where comfort is a user requirement.

 Proponent: Panels and Constructions Panecons SA

 Address: Av. Sunday Orue 165 – Lima
 Phone: 572 3703

4) SUPERWALL:
MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 135-2010-HOUSING, dated August 4, 2010

It is built on the basis of prefabricated roof and wall panels, consisting of two 4 mm
thick superboard sheets manufactured by the company Eternit SA, inside which a
structured cellulose is placed that provides rigidity making a total thickness of 4 cm.
These panels are confined by a screw-type wooden frame, with a cross section of
1½” x 2½”, which is nailed and glued to the inner panel, thus forming a structural
panel 1.22 m wide by 2.44 m high and 0.44 m thick for the walls and panels 0.61 m
wide by 2.44 m long and 0.04 m thick for the ceilings.
The SCNC can be applied to any type of one-story building, modulated to free
heights of 2.40 m and rooms mostly 2.40 m wide.
These panels are connected to each other by nailing the protruding planks of one
of the panels against the wooden frame of the other panel, covering the joints with
adhesive tape and sealing them with putty. The ceiling panels are connected in the
same way, previously matching the joints between panels with those of the walls.

 Proponent: NGO D´Light and Hope

 Address: Psj. Tacna No. 157, Barranco – Lima
 Telephone: 247 0560 / 256 1660

5) LIVING WELL SYSTEM:

MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 003-2011-HOUSING, of January 4, 2011

It is a non-conventional building system for single-story prefabricated housing of

approximately 55.00 m2.
The structural configuration is based on 3.00 cm thick prefabricated simple
concrete walls confined by folded steel profiles formed from cold bent plates which
are in turn braced transversely by wooden beam porticos and metal tubular braces
at the corners of the module. The typical covering is made up of corrugated sheets
of the ETERNIT type or similar. The foundation is made up of a 10.00 cm thick
reinforced concrete slab.
The VIVIENDO BIEN system, due to its characteristics, is applicable to all types of
single-story single-family homes and modules for other uses such as educational
centers, medical centers, chapels, etc.

 Proponent: ABC Alliance for the Common Good

 Address: Old Panamerica Sur – Km. 33.5 Alt. Mezarina bus stop, Lurin –
Lima 16
 Telephone: 430 1995

6) LLAXTA SYSTEM:

MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 024-2012-HOUSING, dated January 30, 2012

The system consists of prefabricated reinforced concrete modules that are

connected to each other by means of metal anchors to form single- and two-story
single-family housing units. The modules are manufactured in a factory on site,
transported by crane to their final location and assembled with metal connectors.
The modules include floors and walls poured together, including sanitary and
electrical installations embedded in the walls and floors or ceilings. The main
feature of the system is that the concrete is self-leveling, emptied with a pressure
pump placed at the bottom of the module and filled from bottom to top to avoid the
gaps and segregation of the concrete that usually occur when filling from the top of
the wall.
Furthermore, it is intended for use in the construction of affordable, modular single-
family homes with one or two levels. The typical size of the module on the floor
plan is in this case 3 m x 6 m, which, depending on the layout, produces homes
with one or more modules and one or two levels.

 Proponent: LLAXTA SAC

 Address: Jr. Monte Rosa 271 Of.902 Urb. Chacarilla, Santiago de Surco
 Phone: 626 7300

7) TIKA BLOCKS UNCONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM:

MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 191-2012-HOUSING, dated September 10,

2012

It is a masonry construction system made of technical adobe whose particularity

consists in using mechanically manufactured compressed earth blocks, called

technical adobes. The technically engineered adobes are manufactured using an

automatic compression machine, whose production speed reaches 250 units per
hour.
The technical adobes are built at the foot of the work, to be stacked on the
foundation, final position, and avoid their storage, the way of stacking the technical
adobes will be in such a way that nylon strands will be left every 30 cm on the
vertical and horizontal axis of the wall, which will serve as ties to the geogrid. The
innovative feature of this system is the use of technical adobe produced by the
Tika Blocks Machine and the avoidance of the use of mortar as a cementing
material between the technical adobe blocks; this function is performed by the
geogrid and the coating mortar, which can be made of clay or plaster.
It is also intended for use in the construction of single-story homes, fence walls,
warehouses, camp dormitories, and any construction in which earth is used as a
building material.

 Proponent: TIKA BLOCKS SAC

 Address: Los Tulipanes Street 133 Floor 8 - Surco
 Phone: 625 7828

8) NEXCOM MODULAR SYSTEM:

MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 193-2012-HOUSING, dated September 10,

2012

The system uses lightweight sandwich panels (expanded polystyrene inside two
metal sheets), profiles and accessories made from the same metal sheet, roof
covering also in sandwich panels. The profiles and/or accessories are anchored to
the foundation by means of concrete nails. All joined together by means of a
tongue and groove system and rivets.
The panel faces arrive at the assembly site pre-painted, with the choice of colour
being optional. This allows for better behaviour against humidity and weather,
offering a surface finish ready for use.
Materials are transported from the production plant to the construction site, where
the modules are delivered to the builder for assembly.
  Proponent: COMMERCIAL NEXES SAC
 Address: Panamericana Sur Km. 17.2 - Villa El Salvador
 Phone: 634-2700

9) ALITEC LIGHTWEIGHT SLAB SYSTEM:

MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 026-2013-HOUSING, dated February 1, 2013

It consists of joists partially manufactured in the factory, reinforced in one direction
with special clay blocks, forming a monolithic assembly by means of additional
reinforcement (temperature mesh and negative steel) and pouring of concrete on
site.
This system can also be used for two-way framing and be used in larger spans and
greater overloads, using for this purpose our reinforced concrete structural trays
that are placed every 2 bricks, with the positive transverse steels placed on them
on site.
In addition to the delivery of joists and vaults, accessories such as sanitary and
structural trays and trays for electrical use (light centers) are provided. These trays
are made of reinforced concrete. Another important accessory in its use are the
styrofoam covers that save the work of blinding the bricks on site, saving on
concrete consumption, labor for blinding, time, space and labor.

 Proponent: ITAL CONCRETO SAC

 Address: Av. The Towers Mz. E Lt. 3B La Capitana Urbanization, CPM
Santa Maria – Huachipa
 Phone: 371-0245
10)APPLICATION OF THE UNCONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM
EVG-3D, IN BUILDINGS OF UP TO FIVE (5) FLOORS:

MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 027-2013-HOUSING, of February 1, 2013,

which repeals MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 074-2011-HOUSING.

It is based on the use of prefabricated EVG-3D panels on an industrial scale. EVG-

3D panels consist of a 40 to 100 mm thick EPS (expanded polystyrene) core,
between two flat, parallel welded metal mesh sheets (cover mesh) and diagonal
transverse wires that cross the EPS core and are welded to the linear wires of the
cover mesh.
A layer of concrete between 40 and 60 mm thick is then applied, either manually or
mechanically, to both sides of the EVG-3D panel. During this process, the EPS
core of the EVG-3D panels serves as a base for the formwork. Once the concrete
has set, the construction of the EVG-3D system achieves its structural and
functional resistance. The result is a composite sandwich system where the outer
concrete slabs are connected by diagonal wires arranged in a lattice with sufficient
shear resistance.
In Peru, the use of this non-conventional construction system is seismically
feasible in buildings of up to 5 floors.

 Proponent: EVG ENTWICKLUNGS-UND VERWERTUBGS

GESELLSCHAFT MBH
 Address: La Morena Street 130 Apt. 202-Miraflores Lima
 Phone: 421-5170

11)UNIDIRECTIONAL LIGHTWEIGHT ROOF ISOLFORG SYSTEM

MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 167-2013-HOUSING, dated July 1, 2013.

The ISOLFORG Unidirectional Lightweight Roof System is a reinforced concrete

lightweight roof construction system whose particularity consists in using
continuous expanded polystyrene blocks that replace the hollow clay bricks of
conventional lightweight roofs. These blocks, when properly supported, also serve
as permanent formwork for the concrete joists.
The ISOLFORG System is intended for use in the construction of floor and ceiling
systems in residential and office buildings. It has excellent thermal and acoustic
insulation characteristics, is lightweight and easy to transport and install.
For the electrical installation of luminaires on the ceiling, these are placed in a
manner similar to that used in conventional lightening. Alternatively, they can be
housed in pipes that are inserted into the lower layer of polystyrene. In the case of
sanitary installations, these will be embedded in the ceiling slab in a manner similar
to conventional lightweighting.

 Proponent: ISOLFORG PERU SAC

 Address: Av. Jose Carlos Mariátegui crosses with Nicolas de Pierola –
Ate. Height Km. 9.5 Central Highway, Lima - Peru
 Telephone: 945 016 327 / 948 015 489

12)
LIGHTWEIGHT SLAB SYSTEM WITH PREFABRICATED STEEL BEAMS
VIGACERO:

MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 269-2014-HOUSING, dated August 4, 2014.

The structural part of the system is made up of prefabricated steel joists with
concrete between them and a 5 cm cast-in-place upper slab with a temperature
mesh. The non-structural part between joists is completed with high-density
expanded polystyrene coffers. The spacing between joists from axis to axis is 84
cm; the VIGACERO prefabricated steel joists have an inverted “TT” shape, 9 cm
high and 13 cm wide at the bottom wing. The EPS (expanded polystyrene) coffers
rest on the wing overhangs, avoiding the need for formwork.
This system does not require formwork in any case and in clear spans greater than
4.50 m only shoring is required. The electrical and sanitary installations, the
temperature mesh and the negative steel (optional for continuous slab thicknesses
greater than 25 cm) are embedded in the upper slab. The final slab has a section
composed of concrete and steel, which allows for the formation of a rigid
diaphragm since its components are integrated through mechanical adhesion.
The system is used to assemble lightweight slabs, replacing conventional joists for
both floors and ceilings.

 Proponent: ARCOTECHO
PERU SAC
 Address: Mar del Sur
Street No. 186 Urb.
Neptune Santiago de
Surco - Lima
 Telephone: 436 5207 /
436 6826

13)
MODULAR SYSTEM FOR THREE-LEVEL BUILDING TECNO FAST:

MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 058-2016-HOUSING, of March 14, 2016.

The modular system for a three-level Tecno Fast building is based on the division
and modulation of a building into physically transportable units, preferably for its
design and manufacture in the production plant, which after being assembled in its
final location make up the complete building with a maximum height of three levels.
The main structure of the system is in all cases made of coniferous wood (Pine,
Fir, etc.), and due to its modulation and structuring, in addition to allowing its
definitive use, it has the capacity to be transportable and relocatable. The
maximum measurements of each modular unit (not the building) are defined:
Maximum length 14 m, Maximum width 3.60 m, as limits for its transport.
The system can be used in housing, accommodation of people in remote locations,
hotels, field medical units, offices in remote operations, mining and construction
camps, service buildings such as dining rooms, recreation rooms, complementary
hotel services, school classrooms, etc., and can be installed anywhere in the
national territory.

 Proponent: TECNO FAST SAC

 Address: Industrial Center “Las Praderas de Lurín” Block A Lot 14, Lurín
 Phone: (511) 622 2800

NEW NON-
CONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS IN FORCE:

14)NON-CONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FOR PRELIMA

PREFABRICATED HOUSING:

MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 343-2016-HOUSING, dated October 5, 2016.

This construction system is made up of solid reinforced concrete panels 14

centimetres thick, which, placed vertically, constitute the exterior facades and
interior partitions of prefabricated homes. This system also has solid reinforced
concrete panels 10 centimetres thick, which, placed horizontally, constitute the
floor elements of prefabricated homes.
The solid panels, whose function is to form the facades and partitions, are joined to
the foundations on site by welded joints of the corrugated connecting bars
embedded in the prefabricated panels. This joint is subsequently filled on site by
pouring premixed concrete. These panels are also joined laterally to each other by
means of welded joints between metal elements embedded in the side faces of the
prefabricated panels.
The solid panels, whose function is to form the floors, are joined to the façade
panels and to the interior panels by means of a welded joint between metal
elements embedded in the side faces of the floor panels and the vertical panels.
The prefabrication of the supporting elements of the structure is carried out in an
industrial plant, and these prefabricated elements are subsequently joined on site
using elements designed to withstand the stresses to which they are subjected.
15)NON-CONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM CALLED

PREFABRICATED PRESLABS PRELIMA:

MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 037-2017-HOUSING, of January 30, 2017.

The PRELIMA Prefabricated Slab is a pre-stressed prefabricated piece that has a

4 cm thick lower part, on which four ribs of 18 cm height each arise, in such a way
that the composite section of the floor, as a result of pouring on site, presents:
- A rib every 60 cm, resulting from pouring concrete in the interior area that exists
between adjacent ribs.
- A compression layer, generally 5 cm thick, over the lightening agent placed on
the pre-slab.
Good adhesion between the prefabricated slab and the concrete poured on site is
an essential requirement for the good performance of the floor.
The total height of the floor is determined by the height of the thinning to be placed
in the area between the ribs and on the lower 4 cm layer, such that with a thinning
height of 18 cm a floor of 27 cm is obtained, with a thinning of 22 cm a floor of 31
cm is obtained, with a thinning of 26 cm a floor of 35 cm is obtained, and with a
thinning of 31 cm a floor of 40 cm is obtained.
PRELIMA Precast Slabs will be supported on horizontal elements such as beams
or load-bearing walls, and will be anchored to these elements through a connection
reinforcement, which will be placed before pouring the concrete into the beams.

16)ETERNIT DRY CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM:

MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 400-2017-HOUSING, of October 20, 2017.

The ETERNIT Dry Construction System consists of a galvanized steel structure

constituting a skeleton, covered, according to the technical requirements of the
project, with SUPERBOARD fiber cement board, manufactured according to
Peruvian Technical Standard NTP 8336-1999, Standards ISO 14001: 2004, ISO
9001:2008; OHSAS 18001: 2007; with GYPLAC gypsum board with a tensile
strength of 722 N and complying with standards NTP 334: 185: 2015 UNE EN
520:2005, ASTM C 1396; and/or covered with PROMATECT H fribosilicate board
with a density of 870 kg/m3, fire reaction A1 according to UNE EN 1350-1 and
thermal conductivity coefficient 0.175 W/m. The plates are attached to the
galvanized steel profiles using self-threading screws, which adequately resist the
stresses produced in a severe earthquake.
On the second floor, the System has similar characteristics as on the 1st floor. The
roof can be gabled, with a corrugated fiber cement roof like Gran Onda, Profile 4 or
Andean Tile, and an interior false ceiling with Superboard, Gyplac or Promatect H
boards according to the project requirements and the desired appearance of the
different environments.
The system can be used in the construction of single-family or multi-family homes,
medical posts or health centers, educational centers, commercial premises,
communal facilities and in general in any type of building.
The characteristics of the materials that make it up allow the building to have good
resistance and durability against the action of wind, heat, rain, etc., in any location
within the national territory.
• INTERNATIONAL NON-CONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEMS:

IN COLOMBIA:
1.- STRUCTURAL MASONRY SYSTEM
This system is composed of:
Stone elements (concrete masonry) joined by: Cement mortar or its equivalent.
Why is it a monolithic system?
Thanks to the union of the masonry by mortar and reinforced voussoirs according
to design.
 Materials:

Corrugated steel, concrete blocks, concrete, Grout.

Facts about this system:
It has greater restrictions with architecture because the walls are part of the
structural system.
It requires a significant amount of personnel, especially for masonry construction.

2.- PORTAL CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM

This system is made up of:
A skeletal assembly of beams and columns rigidly connected by means of nodes in
concrete.
The openings in the columns and beams are completely made of masonry or some
type of enclosure.
 Materials:

Corrugated steel, concrete, brick masonry.

Facts about this system:
There must be a correct distribution of spaces so as not to affect the structural part.
Provides options for future reforms.
To have a good structural result, symmetry in the elements must be obeyed.
3.- CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM OF CAST WALLS
This system consists of:
Load-bearing walls for both gravity and seismic loads.
It has no beams and the slabs rest directly on the walls.
 Materials:

Corrugated steel, concrete, brick masonry.

Facts about this system:
It allows to generate great rigidity to the structure.
Great resistance to seismic actions.
It does not require greater thickness in the walls to gain resistance.
The construction process must be monitored because cracks may appear in the
walls.

4.- INDUSTRIALIZED CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM

This system consists of:
It consists of using prefabricated concrete modules for the structure.
The philosophy of this system is to turn the construction of a home into an
assembly line.
The concrete pieces are created and then assembled.
 Materials:

Corrugated steel and electro-welded meshes, connections, concrete.

Facts about this system:
Architecture must adapt to the structural system
Requires special machinery and a concrete plant nearby.
It is stable and capable of supporting the design loads

5.- DRY POST-TENSIONED MASONRY CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM

This system consists of:
It consists of introducing a cable which is then tensioned against the concrete
structure itself.
This system introduces a system of equal and opposite loads that balance the
tensions of the cable and then anchor it.
 Materials
 Pre-stressing steel, round wires, strands, anchor blocks T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6,
deflector block.
Some facts about this system:
The structure is compressed, making it more rigid.
Reduces the use of passive armor and decreases the dead weight of the structure.
Reduces the problem of cracking.
No wall can be modified by the presence of tension loads.

IN CHILE:
Construction Systems for Residential Houses in Chile:
 ADOBE CONSTRUCTIONS: This type of construction is made with blocks
of mud mixed with wheat straw. These have different formats, but the most
commonly used is 40 cm wide, 60 cm. long and 10 cm. high. These are also
glued together with mud, forming rope-like rows. The foundations and sub-
foundations are made of stone, and sometimes brick is used as a sub-
foundation and glued together with mud. Plastering or stucco is also made
with mud, straw and sand. Poplar beams are mainly used as reinforcement
in door and window lintels, and oak beams can also be used. The roof is
built with poplar poles as beams and completely covered with boards of the
same material. The roof is built with handmade Chilean tiles.

 MASONRY CONSTRUCTIONS: This construction system is the most used,

both in the north, south and center of the country. It is a clay brick built in an
artisanal way, measuring 15cm x 30cm x 5cm. These are glued one on top
of the other forming rope-like rows, leaving gaps for doors and windows.
Adhesive is a sticky mortar made from sand, cement and water, just like
stucco. The walls are built on a concrete foundation with 20% displacement
bollards and a reinforced concrete sub-foundation. These houses must have
pillars and chains made of the same material as the foundation. The roof
covering is mainly made of zinc, but slate, Chilean tile and asphalt shingles
are also used to a lesser extent.
 WOODEN CONSTRUCTIONS: These can be made of different types of
wood, but the most commonly used are pine and poplar with 2”x2”, 2”x3”
and 2”x4” frames for the construction of structural walls and interior
partitions. The interior and exterior cladding, ceilings and eaves are made of
processed wood (shingle and tongue-and-groove ceiling). Nowadays,
wooden houses are covered with different types of materials, for example:
 fiber cement, plasterboard, OSB, siding, etc. The most commonly used roof
coverings are zinc and fiber cement.

 COVINTEC CONSTRUCTIONS: This material is relatively new, it is made

up of 1.22mt.x2.44mt panels. of different thicknesses of high-density
expanded polystyrene (15kg.xm3), covered by a steel mesh which is
stuccoed after installation. The advantages of COVINTEC are: Quick
construction, great thermal and acoustic resistance, great structural
resistance (1200 kg.x m. linear) and buildings of up to 2 floors can be made.