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AFFAIRSCLOUD TODAY

Table of Contents
Hand Written Notes ......................................................................................................................................................... 5
Detailed Content............................................................................................................................................................. 12

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Hand Written Notes

NATIONAL AFFAIRS
1)

DPIIT - Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade

MoC&I - Ministry of Commerce & Industry
IT - Information Technology
FFS - Fund of Funds for Startups
PRABHAAV - Powering a Resilient and Agile Bharat for the Advancement of Visionary
Startups

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SIDBI - Small Industries Development Bank of India

SPF - Startup Policy Forum

MoC - Ministry of Communications

SFC - Suspected Fraudulent Communications
NBM - National Broadband Mission
ICR - Intra Circle Roaming
DBN - Digital Bharat Nidhi

3)

MoHUA - Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs

SSL - Super Swachh League
AP - Andhra Pradesh

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MP - Madhya Pradesh

4)

5)

ISM - India Semiconductor Mission

CSPL - CG Semi Private Limited
OSAT - Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Test

6)

FIU-IND - Financial Intelligence Unit-India

DoR - Department of Revenue
MoF - Ministry of Finance
NHB - National Housing Bank

BANKING & FINANCE

1)

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INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
1)

Overall Ranking: Future of Work indicator :

Rank Country Score Rank Country Score
1 USA 97.6 1 USA 100
2 UK 97.1 2 India 99.1
3 Germany 94.6 3 Mexico 98.2
4 Australia 93.3
5 Canada 91.0
25 India 76.6

QS - Quacquarelli Symonds
USA - United States of America
UK - United Kingdom

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3)

BRICS - Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa

5)

MEA - Ministry of External Affairs

MoUs - Memorandum of Understanding

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ECONOMY & BUSINESS

GDP - Gross Domestic Product

CPI - Consumer Price Index

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

1)

DoT - Department of Telecommunications

MoC - Ministry of Communications
BSNL - Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited
MTNL - Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited

BOOKS & AUTHORS

VP - Vice-President

2)

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IMPORTANT DAYS

NDRF - National Disaster Response Force

MHA - Ministry of Home Affairs
NIDM - National South Campus of the Institute of Disaster Management
RFSL - Regional Forensic Science Laboratory

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Detailed Content
Current Affairs 21 January 2025 : Headlines

Startup India Marks 9 Years: 1.59 Lakh Startups Recognised and 16.6 Lakh Jobs Created
Union Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia Launches Sanchar Saathi App, NBM 2.0 and ICR Facility to
Boost Telecom Connectivity
Union Minister Manohar Lal Khattar Launched the Toolkit for 9th Edition of Swachh
Survekshan
Indian Armed Forces Conducts ‘Exercise Devil Strike’
ISM, CG Power and CSPL Sign Fiscal Support Agreement
FIU-IND & NHB ink MOU to enhance coordination and information exchange
QS World Future Skills Index 2025: USA topped; India ranked 25th
ILO’s WESO Report 2025: Global unemployment slow down at 5%
Highlights of EAM S.Jaishankar’s Visit to Spain from 13th to 14th January 2025
Nigeria Joined BRICS as the 9th Partner Country
USA Removed BARC, IGCAR and IREL From Restrictive Entity List
Shriram Life Insurance Launches Sunishchit Laabh Savings Plan
India’s GDP Growth Likely to Reach 6.7% in FY26: CRISIL
DoT Extends Robert Jerard Ravi’s Tenure as CMD of BSNL and MTNL until April 2025
VP Jagdeep Dhankhar launched the book “Parliament: Powers, Functions & Privileges; A
Comparative Constitutional Perspective”
Amitav Ghosh’s new book, “Wild Fictions” addressing climate change & societal issues
National Disaster Response Force Raising Day 2025 – January 19

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NATIONAL AFFAIRS
Startup India Marks 9 Years: 1.59 Lakh Startups Recognised and 16.6 Lakh Jobs Created
On January 16 2025, Startup India, a transformative initiative of Government of India (GoI) that started in
2016, has successfully completed 9 years. The initiative aimed to foster innovation and boost the growth of
startups across the country. GoI has designated January 16 as National Startup Day to celebrate the
nation’s stride in promoting a robust and inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystem.

• With over 1.59 lakh startups (from 500 in 2016) recognised by DPIIT (as of January 15, 2025,),
India has firmly positioned itself as the world’s 3rd largest startup ecosystem.
• Startup India initiative is being implemented by Department for Promotion of Industry and
Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce & Industry (MoC&I).
Key Accomplishments of Startup India:
i.Indian cities like: Bengaluru (Karnataka), Hyderabad (Telangana), Mumbai (Maharashtra), and Delhi-
National Capital Region (NCR) emerged as major hubs for startups in India, while smaller cities have
increasingly contributed to India’s entrepreneurial momentum.
ii.As of October 31, 2024, a total of 73,151 recognized startups include minimum one women director,
demonstrating the increase of women entrepreneurs in India.
iv.Over 16.6 lakh direct jobs have reportedly been created by
DPIIT recognized startups across various sectors, from 2016 to
October 31, 2024.
• The Information Technology (IT) Services industry
with 2.04 lakh jobs, has topped among the
industries which created maximum number of jobs in
startups, followed by Healthcare & Lifesciences (1.47
lakh jobs), and Professional & Commercial Services
(with around 94,000 jobs).
Flagships Schemes Implemented under Startup India:
i.Startup India Seed Fund Scheme (SISFS): It was launched for a period of 4 years starting from 2021-22
with budget outlay of Rs 945 crore.
• The main objective of the scheme is to support startups in areas like: proof of concept, prototype
development, product trials, among others.
ii.Credit Guarantee Scheme for Startups (CGSS): The scheme provides credit guarantees for loans
provided to DPIIT-recognised startups by scheduled commercial banks, Non-Banking Finance Companies
(NBFCs), and Venture Debt Funds under Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)-registered
Alternative Investment Funds (AIFs).
• It is being implemented by the National Credit Guarantee Trustee Company Limited (NCGTC).

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• As of October 31, 2024, Rs 555.24 crore in loans were guaranteed to 235 startups, including Rs
24.60 crore to 18 women-led startups under this scheme.
iii.Fund of Funds for Startups (FFS) Scheme: It was launched in June 2016 with budget outlay of Rs
10,000 crore. The scheme aims to improve access to domestic capital for Indian startups and promote the
entrepreneurial ecosystem.
• The scheme is being managed by Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI), does not
invest directly in startups but provides funding to SEBI-registered AIFs which further invest in
startups through equity and equity-linked instruments.
• By 2024, Rs 11,148 crore was committed, attracting investments of Rs 21,221.36 crore in 1,165
startups.
About BHASKAR initiative:
In September 2024, DPIIT launched the Bharat Startup Knowledge Access Registry (BHASKAR) platform, a
cutting-edge initiative which is a part of the Startup India initiative. The initiative aimed to streamline and
centralize interactions within India’s entrepreneurial ecosystem.
• It also aims to foster innovation, collaboration and growth by connecting startups, investors,
mentors, service providers, and government bodies.
About Startup Mahakumbh:
i.The Startup Mahakumbh which is considered one of the largest get-together of startups, unicorns,
investors, and various other ecosystem stakeholders under one roof.
• The 1st edition of Startup Mahakumbh was held in 2024, which hosted over 1,300 exhibitors,
showcased across 10 thematic pavilions.
• It was jointly organised by Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India
(ASSOCHAM), National Association of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM), Bootstrap
Incubation & Advisory Foundation; The IndUS Entrepreneurs (TiE) and Indian Venture and
Alternate Capital Association (IVCA).
ii.The 2nd edition is scheduled to be held from April 03 to April 05, 2025 at Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi
(Delhi) under the theme “Startup India @ 2047- Unfolding the Bharat Story”.
Startup Funding in India Increased to USD 115 billion from USD 8 billion: DPIIT
In January 2025, DPIIT released figures of startup performance in India as a curtain raiser to commemorate
National Startup Day on January 16. As per the DPIIT data, startup funding in India has increased
significantly from just USD 8 billion (in 2016) to USD 115 billion (in 2024).
• It also revealed that the number of states and Union Territories (UTs) with dedicated startup
policies has increased from 4 (in 2016) to 31 (in 2024).
Key Findings about Startups in India:
i.The data showed that number of unicorns in India increased from just 8 (in 2016) to 118 (in 2024).
Note: Unicorns are startups valued at least a billion dollars but not yet listed on a public exchange.
Union Minister Piyush Goyal Launched PRABHAAV Factbook, Bharat Startup Challenge on
9th Foundation Day of Startup India
On January 16 2025, Union Minister Piyush Goyal, MoC&I launched two key initiatives including
the PRABHAAV Factbook (Powering a Resilient and Agile Bharat for the Advancement of Visionary
Startups) and Bharat Startup Challenge at the celebration of 9 years of Startup India in New Delhi, Delhi.
About Newly Launched Initiatives:
i.PRABHAAV Factbook will act as the ultimate guide to India’s growing startup ecosystem and its growth
story from 2016-2024. It will also capture the achievements of every region.
ii.Bharat Startup Challenge will unleash 75 challenges across different sectors like: Renewable Energy (RE),
Agritech, Healthcare, Blockchain, Social Commerce, among others.

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• The challenge will witness 20 industry leaders and innovators invite thinkers to address the
challenges in above mentioned sectors.
Other Key Points:
i.He informed that India has seen 76 Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) for the Calendar Year (CY) 2024. Also,
startups in India till date have received a total funding of Rs 13 trillion from GoI.
CM of Maharashtra Signed MoU with SIDBI to Establish 100 Crore Fund
In January 2025, Devendra Fadnavis, Chief Minister (CM) of Maharashtra signed a Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) with SIDBI to establish a Rs 100 crore fund aimed at strengthening startups and small
businesses in the state.
• CM Devendra Fadnavis made the announcement about MoU during the National Startup Day
programme organised by the Maharashtra State Innovation Society under the Department of Skill,
Employment, Entrepreneurship and Innovation held in Mumbai, Maharashtra.
• He informed that now, Rs 30 crore fund will be available at every divisional centre (previously
funds were managed at Mumbai).
Startup Policy Forum Launched ‘Startup Baithak’ and ‘Startup Baatcheet’ to Celebrate National
Startup Day 2025
Startup Policy Forum (SPF), with the support of DPIIT and Startup India, launched two flagship initiatives
namely, ‘Startup Baithak’ and ‘Startup Baatcheet’ to celebrate National Startup Day 2025.
• The event was held from January 15 to January 16, 2025 at iconic Group-20 (G20) Summit room
in Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi (Delhi).
• During the event, key policy issues were discussed including data privacy, reverse flipping,
Artificial Intelligence (AI) governance, capital market, and fintech regulations.
Key Points:
i.The Startup Baithak has featured 12 exclusive, close-door roundtables held for over two days. It saw the
participation from startups such as: Swiggy, Zerodha, Razorpay, BharatPe, Physics Wallah, among others.
ii.On the sidelines of Bhaitak, SPF also organised Startup Baatcheet, an informal networking event held on
January 15, 2025.
• The event brought together founders, investors, startup ecosystem enablers, policymakers, and
lawmakers to capture the startup outlook for 2025.
About Startup:
Income Tax Exemption for 3 years: Startups incorporated on or after 1st April 2016 can apply for income tax
exemption. The recognized startups that are granted an Inter-Ministerial Board Certificate are exempted
from income- tax for a period of 3 consecutive years out of 10 years since incorporation.
Faster Exit for Startups: The Government has notified Startups as ‘fast track firms’ enabling them to wind up
operations within 90 days vis-a-vis 180 days for other companies.
About Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MoCI):
Union Minister- Piyush Goyal (Constituency- Mumbai North, Maharashtra)
Minister of State (MoS)- Jitin Prasada (Constituency- Pilibhit, Uttar Pradesh, UP)

Union Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia Launches Sanchar Saathi App, NBM 2.0 and ICR Facility to
Boost Telecom Connectivity
In January 2025, Union Minister Jyotiraditya Madhavrao Scindia, Ministry of Communications (MoC),
introduced several citizen-focused initiatives, including the launch of the Sanchar Saathi Mobile
Application (App), the unveiling of the National Broadband Mission (NBM) 2.0, and the inauguration of the
Intra Circle Roaming(ICR) facility at Digital Bharat Nidhi (DBN)-funded 4G (fourth generation) mobile
sites in New Delhi, Delhi.

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About Sanchar Saathi Mobile Application (App):

The Sanchar Saathi Mobile App is a user-friendly platform aimed at enhancing telecom security and
empowering citizens. It enables users to secure their telecom services and protect against fraud.
Key features:
i.Chakshu: Allows users to report Suspected Fraudulent Communications (SFC) such as calls and SMS
(Short Message Service) directly from mobile logs.
ii.Citizens can monitor all mobile connections registered in their name to prevent unauthorized usage.
iii.Users can block, trace, and recover lost or stolen devices.The app helps users verify the authenticity of
mobile handsets, ensuring they purchase genuine products.
Note: Sanchar Saathi portal was launched in 2023 by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), MoC.
About National Broadband Mission (NBM) 2.0:
NBM 2.0, is an expansion of the earlier NBM 1.0 and aims to
further develop India’s digital infrastructure.
• Under NBM 2.0, the government intends to connect
the remaining 1.7 lakh villages and improve the
broadband speed to 100 Mbps (Megabits per
second).
Key features:
i.Extending Optical Fibre Cable (OFC) connectivity to 2.7 lakh
villages by 2030.
ii।Providing broadband access to 90% of essential
institutions like schools, healthcare centers, and Panchayat
offices by 2030.
iii.Improving the national average broadband download
speed from 63.55 Mbps to 100 Mbps by 2030.
iv.Mapping government-owned fibre networks by 2026.
v.Reducing Right of Way (RoW) application processing time from 60 days to 30 days by 2030.
vi.Increasing the number of rural internet subscribers , Ensuring 30% of mobile towers are powered by
sustainable energy by 2030.
vii.Promoting the use of the Call Before u Dig (CBuD) app which was launched in 2023, Collaboration with
various stakeholders will ensure the implementation of the (Right of Way) RoW Rules 2024.
viii.Leveraging Optical Ground Wire (OPGW) from the power sector will improve broadband connectivity
and network resilience, particularly in remote areas.
Note: NBM 1.0, was launched in 2019 as part of the National Digital Communications Policy(NDCP) 2018.

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About Intra Circle Roaming(ICR) facility:

With the launch of Intra Circle Roaming (ICR) at Digital Bharat Nidhi (DBN)-funded 4G sites, subscribers of
multiple Telecom Service Providers (TSPs) can now access 4G services from the same tower, improving
connectivity with lower costs.
• It will provide seamless 4G access to over 35,400 villages across approximately 27,000 towers.
Note: The DBN, formerly Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF), funds mobile towers to improve
telecom connectivity in rural areas.

Union Minister Manohar Lal Khattar Launched the Toolkit for 9th Edition of Swachh Survekshan
In January 2025, Union Minister Manohar Lal Khattar, Ministry of Housing and Urban
Affairs (MoHUA) launched the toolkit for 9th edition of ‘Swachh Survekshan(SS)’, the world’s largest
urban cleanliness survey, in its new version- simpler, sharper, systematic and all-inclusive.

• A special category- Super Swachh League (SSL) has been introduced for the year 2024, creating a
separate league of cities performing well in cleanliness.
• SS which was initially launched by MoHUA in 2016 promotes urban sanitation improvement
through citizen participation and 3rd party validation.
Key People: S. Katikithala, Secretary of MoHUA; Roopa Mishra, Managing Director (MD), Swachh Bharat
Mission Urban (SBM-U); Principal Secretaries of Urban
Development, State Mission Directors, Municipal
Commissioners (MCs) representatives from various States and
Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and officials from the MoHUA were
present at the event.
Key Features :
i.Cities have been classified into 5 population categories: Very
Small(less than 20,000 population), Small (20,000- 50,000
population), Medium (50,000- 3lakh population), Big(3- 10
lakh population), and Medium-Plus(more than 10 lakh
population).
• Each category will be examined based on population
and parameters customised to its specific size and
requirements.
• For each category, awards will be given to clean cities, thus making new SS inclusive.
ii.This year, the assessment will include Cleanliness Target Units (CTUs) and adopting
Swabhav Swachhata Sanskar Swachhata(4S) (behavior change in daily lives).
iii.The assessment will focus on key parameters like: eliminating dark spots, visible cleanliness, setting up
Reduce Reuse Recycle(RRR) Centres, and more.

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• Also, school assessments have been introduced this year as part of SS, to foster the integration of
swachhata values in educational institutions and inspire young minds to adopt cleanliness and
sustainability.
iv.All indicators in the new SS toolkit have been organised into 10 buckets, with assessment parameters
simplified for better understanding by the ULBs.
• These are: visible cleanliness; segregation, collection and transportation of waste; solid waste
management; access to sanitation; used water management; mechanization of desludging
services; advocacy for Swachhata; strengthening of eco-system & institutional parameters;
overall welfare of sanitation workers and citizen feedback and grievance redressal.
v.The last and final phase of SS- Field Assessment for the 9th edition will start on February 15, 2025 and
will be completed by the end of March 2025.
About Super Swachh League:
i.The cities who have been in the top 3 rankings for minimum 2 years in the last 3 years (2021-23) will be
included in this league.
• Based on the above mentioned parameters, 12 cities have been included in the SSL.
• Also, top 3 ranking cities in each population category will be included in the league for the
subsequent years.
ii.ULBs in SSL will be evaluated on additional aspirational indicators and are required to maintain a score of
85% or higher to retain their position.
iii.Cities which are included in the SSL are:

Category Selected City

Very Small Cities Panchgani (Maharashtra), Patan (Gujarat)

Small Cities Vita (Maharashtra), Saswad (Maharashtra)

Ambikapur (Chhattisgarh), Tirupati (Andhra Pradesh, AP), New

Medium Cities
Delhi Municipal Council (Delhi)

Big Cities Noida (Uttar Pradesh, UP), Chandigarh(Punjab).

Navi Mumbai (Mumbai), Indore (Madhya Pradesh, MP) and Surat

Million Plus Cities
(Gujarat)
About Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA):
Union Minister- Manohar Lal Khattar (Constituency- Karnal, Haryana)
Minister of State (MoS) – Tokhan Sahu (Constituency- Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh)

Indian Armed Forces Conducts ‘Exercise Devil Strike’

The Indian Armed Forces conducted ‘Exercise Devil Strike’, a joint exercise involving the elite airborne
forces of the Indian Army (IA) and the Indian Air Force (IAF) from January 16-19, 2025 at the training areas
and firing ranges, validating critical drills and improving operational preparedness.
About Exercise Devil Strike:
i.Exercise Devil Strike evaluates and improves logistical sustaining plans to ensure troops remain
operational and well-equipped under challenging circumstances.
ii.It includes state-of-the-art equipment and advanced technologies that enable the precise and effective
delivery of airborne forces to remote locations.

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iii.It demonstrates the dedication of the Indian Armed Forces to sustaining operational excellence and
flexibility in the constantly changing military environment.
iv.The exercise has improved combined operational capabilities and reaffirmed the readiness of the Indian
Armed Forces to protect the interests of the country and respond effectively to any emerging threat.
About Indian Army (IA):
Chief of the Army Staff (COAS) – General Upendra Dwivedi
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi
Established – 1895
Motto – Seva Parmo Dharma (Service Before Self)
About Indian Air Force (IAF):
Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) – Amar Preet Singh
Headquarters – New Delhi, Delhi
Established – 1932
Motto – Nabha Sparsham Deeptam(Touch the sky with Glory)

ISM, CG Power and CSPL Sign Fiscal Support Agreement

In January 2025, the India Semiconductor Mission (ISM), Mumbai(Maharashtra) based CG Power and
Industrial Solutions Limited(also known as Crompton Greaves Limited), and Ahmedabad , (Gujarat) based
CG Semi Private Limited(CSPL) signed a Fiscal Support Agreement (FSA) to advance India’s semiconductor
manufacturing ecosystem.

• The agreement supports CG Power’s Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Test (OSAT)
facility, which was approved under the Modified Programme for Development of Semiconductor
and Display Manufacturing Ecosystem.
Key Points:
i.CG Power will establish its semiconductor OSAT unit in Sanand, Gujarat, in collaboration with Renesas
Electronics America Inc. and Stars Microelectronics (Thailand) Public Company Limited with an investment
of Rs 7,600 crore.
ii.ISM will provide 50% pari-passu fiscal support for the project’s eligible Capital expenditures(CAPEX),
demonstrating the commitment of the Government of India (GoI) to strengthening India’s position as a

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major participant in the global semiconductor value chain.

iii.CG Power will contribute significantly to India’s goal of reaching the USD 500 billion production target in
electronics by 2030.
Note: India has set a target of reaching USD 500 billion worth of electronics production by 2030.
About India Semiconductor Mission (ISM):
i.The ISM was launched in 2021 with a total financial outlay of Rs 76,000 crore under the aegis of the
Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).
• It has been set up as an Independent Business Division within Digital India Corporation(DIC).
ii.It aims to provide financial support to companies investing in semiconductors, display manufacturing and
design ecosystems.
iii.The following four schemes have been introduced under the programme:
• Modified Scheme for setting up of Semiconductor Fabs in India.
• Modified Scheme for setting up of Display Fabs in India.
• Modified Scheme for setting up of Compound Semiconductors/Silicon Photonics/ Sensors Fab
and Semiconductor Assembly, Testing, Marking and Packaging (ATMP)/OSAT facilities in India.
• Design Linked Incentive (DLI) Scheme.

FIU-IND & NHB ink MOU to enhance coordination and information exchange
In January 2025, New Delhi (Delhi) based Financial Intelligence Unit-India (FIU-IND) under the Department
of Revenue (DoR), Ministry of Finance (MoF) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with New
Delhi (Delhi) based National Housing Bank (NHB), under MoF to collaborate on a range of critical areas,
including intelligence sharing, capacity building and risk assessment.

• It aims to strengthen the implementation of the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002
(PMLA), and its associated rules as part of ongoing efforts.
Signatories:
The MoU was signed by Vivek Aggarwal, Director of FIU-IND, and Sanjay Shukla, Managing Director (MD)
of NHB, along with other dignitaries present at the event in New Delhi, Delhi.
FIU-IND and NHB will collaborate in areas of mutual interest, including the following:
i.Each party will appoint a nodal officer and an alternate nodal officer to coordinate with the other.
ii.Sharing relevant intelligence and information from their databases as outlined in the MoU.
iii.Establishing the procedure and manner in which supervised/reporting entities report to FIU-IND under
the PML Rules.
iv.Providing outreach and training for supervised/reporting entities.

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v.Enhancing Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Counter Financing of Terrorism (CFT) skills in
supervised/reporting entities.
vi.Assessment of AML/CFT risks and vulnerabilities in Housing Finance Companies in India.
vii.Identifying red flag indicators for Suspicious Transaction Reports HFCs in India.
viii.Supervising and monitoring the compliance of supervised/reporting entities with their obligations
under PMLA, PML Rules, and Reserve Bank of India (RBI)/NHB guidelines.
ix.Complying with each other’s obligations under relevant international standards.
x.Conducting quarterly meetings to discuss the above, along with typologies/trends in AML/CFT crimes,
cases with imposed sanctions, etc.
About Financial Intelligence Unit-India (FIU-IND):
It is responsible for receiving, processing, analyzing, and disseminating information related to suspicious
financial transactions under the PMLA.
Director – Vivek Aggarwal
Headquarters – New Delhi (Delhi)
Founded – 2004
About National Housing Bank (NHB):
Managing Director (MD) – Sanjay Shukla
Headquarters – New Delhi (Delhi)
Founded – 1988

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
QS World Future Skills Index 2025: USA topped; India ranked 25th
In January 2025, London(the United Kingdom, UK-based Quacquarelli Symonds (QS) released its
first ‘World Future Skills Index 2025’. India secured 25th position globally earning a score of 76.6, which
classifies it as a “future skills contender.”

• India secured the 2nd position globally, behind the United States of America (USA) in the ‘Future
of Work’ category indicating its strong readiness for technology-driven roles and industries of
the future, especially in digital skills, artificial intelligence (AI), and green technologies.
• The USA leads the rankings with a score of 97.6, followed by the UK (97.1), Germany (94.6),
Australia (93.3), and Canada (91.0) in the top 5 positions, categorized as “future skills pioneers.”
About the QS World Future Skills Index:
i.The QS World Future Skills Index is a thorough assessment that evaluates how effectively countries are
preparing to address the changing needs of the global job market.
ii.The index assesses four main areas: skills fit, academic readiness, future of work, economic
transformation.

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iii.The assessment covers: Over 190 countries, 280 million job postings, 5,000 universities, 5 million
employer skill requirements, and 17.5 million research papers were analysed to compile the rankings.
Highlights of the Report:
i.India scored only 15.6 in the sub-parameter focused on future-oriented innovation in sustainability.
• India has maintained its position as the 2nd-largest destination for Venture Capital (VC) funding
in the Asia-Pacific region.
ii.For the Skills Fit indicator, India had a score of 59.1 and global ranking 37th while for academic readiness
its score stood at 89.9 and 26th position. On the economic transformation index, India stood at 40th position
with a score of 58.3.
iii.Group of 7 (G7) countries scored 68.3, showing India’s need for increased investment and innovation in
sustainable practices.
Overall Ranking:

Rank Country Score

1 USA 97.6

2 UK 97.1

3 Germany 94.6

4 Australia 93.3

5 Canada 91.0

25 India 76.6
Skills Fit indicator:

Rank Country Score

1 United Kingdom (UK) 100

2 USA (United States of America) 94.4

3 Canada 90.9

37 India 59.1
Academic Readiness indicator :

Rank Country Score

1 UK 100

2 Germany 99.6

3 Netherlands 99.3

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26 India 89.9
Future of Work indicator :

Rank Country Score

1 USA 100

2 India 99.1

3 Mexico 98.2
Economic Transformation Indicator:

Rank Country Score

1 South Korea 100

2 Israel 98.9

3 USA 97.9

40 India 58.3
Key Recommendations :
i.Curriculum Evolution: Universities should integrate creativity, problem-solving, and entrepreneurial
thinking into their curriculum to improve students with the skills needed for the future.
ii.Industry-Academia Collaboration is necessary to ensure that educational programs align more closely
with real-world job demands.
iii.Reskilling and Upskilling: Initiatives like the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 and Understanding
of Lifelong Learning for All in Society (ULLAS), to support the reskilling and upskilling of the workforce.

ILO’s WESO Report 2025: Global unemployment slow down at 5%

On January 18 2025, the International Labour Organization (ILO) released its flagship report titled ‘World
Employment and Social Outlook : Trends 2025(WESO Trends 2025)’, highlighting the current state of global
labour markets and the social outlook. The report provides an in-depth analysis of global employment
trends, challenges, and prospects for the near future.

• According to the report, the global unemployment rate slowed down at 5% in 2024 and is
projected to tick lower again in 2026 to 4.9%. However, Youth unemployment remain high
at 12.6% in 2024.

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• The unemployment rates for the overall number of jobs missing, stood around 402.4 million in
2024 globally.
Highlights of the Report:
Global Economic Recovery:
i.According to the report, Global growth rates remain stable, hovering around 3.2% in 2024 and 2025.
• Inflation rates have come down from 6.7% in 2023 to 5.9% in 2024 and are expected to
decelerate further in 2025.
ii.The global Labour Force Participation Rate(LFPR) remained at 61% in 2024.
ii.In 2024, the number of young people Not in Education, Employment, or Training (NEET) in Low-Income
Countries(LICs) increased.
• Around 15.8 million young men (20.4%) and 28.2 million young women (37.0%)
were NEET, which is an increase of 500,000 and 700,000 compared to 2023.
iii.Globally, there were 85.8 million young men (13.1%) and 173.3 million young women (28.2%) who were
NEET in 2024, marking an increase of 1 million and 1.8 million, respectively, in 2023.
iv.The global jobs gap in 2024 is estimated to reach 402.4 million people, that includes 186 million
unemployed people, 137 million discouraged workers, and 79 million people who want to work but are
unable to due to other responsibilities like caring for others.
Southern Asia Recovery:
The ILO report indicates a strong economic performance in Southern Asia which is expected to experience
a 6.2% growth in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2024, with a slight slowdown to 5.8% in 2025.
• While some European countries like South Africa, reported unemployment fall at stubbornly
high levels above 30% in 2024.
National Economic Recovery:
i.According to the report, the unemployment rate in India is projected to grow
by 6.2% in 2024 and 5.8% in 2025.
iii.This performance is primarily attributed to monetary policy easing, robust domestic demand, and
public investment in infrastructure.
About International Labour Organization (ILO):
Director- General (DG)- Gilbert Fossoun Houngbo
Headquarters- Geneva, Switzerland
Established- 1919

Highlights of EAM S.Jaishankar’s Visit to Spain from 13th to 14th January 2025
Union Minister S. Jaishankar, Ministry of External Affairs(MEA) made a 2-day visit to Spain from January
13th to 14th, 2025 which marks his second visit to Spain and first visit as External Affairs Minister(EAM).
• The aim of the visit was to meet the leadership of Spain and hold wide range discussions with the
Spain’s Foreign Minister Manuel Albares.

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• He also addressed the 9th Annual Conference of Spanish Ambassadors and met the Indian
community.
Note: Spanish President Pedro Sanchez made an official visit to India in October 2024 at the invitation of
Prime Minister(PM) Narendra Modi.
Highlights of the visit:
i.During his visit to Spain, Union Minister Jaishankar met the Spanish King Felipe VI and President Pedro
Sanchez.
ii.Both the countries discussed upon bilateral partnerships including trade, investment, defense, security,
urban development, railways, green hydrogen, climate action and people-to-people ties.
• They also discussed ways of increasing collaboration in new and emerging sectors of digital
technology, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Renewable Energy(RE), and space.
iii.During the meeting, India and Spain signed two Memorandum of Understanding (MoUs) that focused on
cooperation in sports and sustainable urban development.
iii.Addressing the Indian diaspora in Spain, Union Minister Jaishankar highlighted that 2026 has been
designated as a ‘Dual Year’ to celebrate cultural exchange, tourism, and advancements in AI between the
two nations.
• He also announced that Spain will establish a consulate in Bengaluru(Karnataka) to strengthen
the bilateral relations between India and Spain.
iv.He mentioned that over 230 Spanish companies currently operate in India and urged Spain to contribute
to India’s “Make in India” initiative.
• The two countries have made significant developments in defense and security, with special focus
on setting up of C-295 Aircraft Assembly line plant at Vadodara, Gujarat.
9th Annual Conference of Spanish Ambassadors:
i.On January 13 2025, Union Minister Jaishankar was addressed at the 9th Annual Conference of Spanish
Ambassadors held in Madrid, Spain .The theme of the Conference was ‘A Foreign Policy with Our Own
Identity’.
ii.He became the first foreign ambassador /foreign minister to address the global conference of Spanish
ambassadors.
Points to Note:
i.India’s annual trade with Mediterranean countries stands at USD 80 billion and its companies operating
ports in the Mediterranean region and involvement in defense, security, and green hydrogen projects.
ii.India and Spain currently have an annual trade worth USD 10 billion, with collaborations in railways,
clean technology, drones, and space exploration.
About Spain:
Prime Minister(PM)– Pedro Sánchez Pérez-Castejón
Capital– Madrid
Currency– Euro(EUR)

Nigeria Joined BRICS as the 9th Partner Country

In January 2025, the government of Brazil, which holds the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South
Africa) bloc presidency in 2025, announced that Nigeria, the world’s 6th largest population and Africa’s
largest country, has officially joined BRICS as the 9th Partner Country,
• Other Partner countries of BRICS bloc are: Belarus, Bolivia, Cuba, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Thailand,
Uganda, and Uzbekistan.
About BRICS:
i.BRIC, as a formal grouping, initiated following the meeting of the leaders of Russia, India, and China held in
St. Petersburg, Russia in 2006.

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ii.The grouping was formalized during the 1st meeting of foreign ministers of BRIC (Brazil, Russia,India
China) countries held on the sidelines of United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in New York, the United
States of America (USA) in 2006.
• The 1st BRIC Summit was held in Yekaterinburg, Russia in 2009.
iii.BRIC group was renamed as BRICS after South Africa was accepted as full member of BRIC in 2010.
iv.16th BRICS Summit was held under the chairmanship of Vladimir Putin, President of Russia, in Kazan
(Russia) from October 22 to 24, 2024.
• Theme: “Strengthening Multilateralism for Just Global Development and Security”.
New Member Countries of BRICS Bloc:
i.In January 2024, countries namely Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) officially
joined BRICS bloc.
ii.In January 2025, Indonesia formally became the full member of the BRICS bloc. With this, it has become
the 1st SouthEast (SE) Asian country to join this bloc.
About Nigeria:
Capital- Abuja
President- Asiwaju Bola Ahmed Adekunle Tinubu
Currency- Nigeria Naira (NGN)

USA Removed BARC, IGCAR and IREL From Restrictive Entity List
In January 2025, the United States of America (USA)’s Bureau of Industry & Security (BIS) has removed
3 prominent Indian nuclear entities from its restrictive Entity List. This move aims to strengthen bilateral
ties between India and USA and also focus on promoting advanced energy cooperation.
• The entities removed from the USA entity list are: Trombay, Mumbai (Maharashtra)-based
Bhabha Atomic Research Center (BARC), Department of Atomic Energy(DAE); Mumbai
(Maharashtra)-based IREL (India) Limited(formerly Indian Rare Earths Ltd); and Kalpakkam
(Tamil Nadu, TN)-based Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR).
• The updated listing also includes modifications to one existing entry of India.
Note: The USA has imposed restrictions on more than 200 Indian entities following India conducted nuclear
tests in Pokhran, Rajasthan in 1998.
About US Entity List:
i.The list is prepared by USA’s BIS which publishes the names of certain foreign persons, including
businesses, research organisations that are subject to specific license requirements for the export, re-export
and/or transfer (in-country) of specified items.
ii.The persons whose names are included on the list are subject to individual licensing requirements and
policies.
iii.The entities on the list indicate that the USA government suspected them engaging in activities contrary
to US national security or foreign policy interests.
iv.The inclusion of name on the Entity list imposes stringent licensing requirements that complicate

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international business dealings.

About United States of America (USA):
President- Donald John Trump
Capital- Washington, D.C.
Currency- United States Dollar (USD)

BANKING & FINANCE

Shriram Life Insurance Launches Sunishchit Laabh Savings Plan
In January 2025, Shriram Life Insurance launched Shriram Life Sunishchit Laabh, a non-participating
individual savings plan that guarantees high returns of up to 668% of the total premium paid.
i.The plan offers a combination of savings and life insurance benefits for people looking for long-term
payout options and financial security.
ii.Individuals aged 30 days to 60 years are eligible for the plan with an annual premium starting at Rs
30,000.
iii.This premium can be made on a Rs 15,500 half-yearly, Rs 8,000 quarterly, or Rs 3,000 monthly basis, and
the plan offers tax-free maturity payouts for periods between 10 to 40 years, up to the maximum age
of 101 years.
iv.It offers death benefits up to 160 times the annualized premium by providing additional financial security
for the families of policyholders.

ECONOMY & BUSINESS

India’s GDP Growth Likely to Reach 6.7% in FY26: CRISIL
According to the CRISIL Ratings Limited’s (formerly Credit Rating and Information Services of India
Limited)Report, India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth is likely to improve to 6.7% in Financial Year
2025-26 (FY26).

• The report has outlined 3 main drivers i.e. the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) rate cuts, lower crude
oil prices and a normal monsoon, that are expected to support this growth projection.
Key Findings:
i.The report cited that a sustained decrease in food inflation, along with stable non-food inflation, could
possibly lead to rate cut by the RBI in the next months.
ii.As per the report, headline inflation is making progress towards the RBI’s 4% inflation target as Consumer
Price Index (CPI) inflation has decreased from 5.5% (in November) to 5.2% (in December).
• Similarly, food inflation has declined from 9% to 8.4%, while non-food inflation remained stable
at 3.1%.

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iii.As per the report, CPI inflation is projected to average 4.6% for the current fiscal year (FY25), with a
slight upward bias in the forecast.
iv.The report revealed that the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) has increased to 5.2% in November, up
from 3.7% in October (revised from previous estimate of 3.5%).
• This growth was mainly attributed to strong performance in investment goods and consumer
durables, supported by a low base effect.
v.The report has estimated that agricultural growth is likely to increase, as high reservoir levels bode well
for rabi crop output, which is further expected to boost farm incomes and rural consumption.
• Additionally, increased agricultural production is expected to reduce pressure on food inflation
during the remainder of the current fiscal year, which could further boost discretionary
consumption.
About CRISIL Ratings Limited:
Managing Director (MD)– Subodh Rai
Headquarters- Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established– 1987

APPOINTMENTS & RESIGNATIONS

DoT Extends Robert Jerard Ravi’s Tenure as CMD of BSNL and MTNL until April 2025
In January 2025, the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), Ministry of Communications (MoC) has
extended the additional charge of Chairman and Managing Director (CMD) of BSNL (Bharat Sanchar Nigam
Limited) and MTNL (Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited) assigned to Robert Jerard Ravi for
another three months with effect from January 15, 2025, till April 14, 2025, or until further orders,
whichever is earlier, subject to approval by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC).
i.Ravi is currently serving as Deputy Director General (Standards Research and Innovation) and was
assigned additional charge of telecom public sector undertakings as their CMD on July 13, 2024.
ii.He has played a vital role in finalizing the tender for the third phase of the BharatNet project and boosting
BSNL’s 4G network rollout during his tenure as CMD.
• BharatNet Phase 3 aims to provide broadband connectivity to 6.4 lakh villages and all 2.64 lakh
Gram panchayats across India.

BOOKS & AUTHORS

VP Jagdeep Dhankhar launched the book “Parliament: Powers, Functions & Privileges;
A Comparative Constitutional Perspective”
In January 2025, the Vice-President (VP) of India, Jagdeep Dhankhar launched the book “Parliament:
Powers, Functions & Privileges; A Comparative Constitutional Perspective” in New Delhi (Delhi). The book
was authored by Dr. KS Chauhan, Senior Advocate, at VP’s Enclave, New Delhi(Delhi).
i.The book consists of two volumes and was published by Mohan Law House (MLH) Publishing Private
Limited.
ii.The book explains about the functions of Parliament, its special rights, and its important role in holding
the government accountable, especially in shaping the India’s democracy.

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Amitav Ghosh’s new book, “Wild Fictions” addressing climate change & societal issues
On January 10 2025, A new book named ‘Wild Fictions’ authored by Amitav Ghosh was published by the
Fourth Estate India at the 41st Dr CD Deshmukh Memorial Lecture at the India International Centre (IIC) in
New Delhi, Delhi.
• The book explores climate change, societal issues, and political instability in “time of monsters”
addressing urgent global crises like biodiversity loss, climate change, and emerging diseases.
i.He is the author of several acclaimed works of fiction and non-fiction including The Shadow Lines, The
Glass Palace, The Hungry Tide, the Ibis Trilogy (comprising the novels Sea of Poppies, River of Smoke and
Flood of Fire), Gun Island, The Great Derangement, The Nutmeg’s Curse, Jungle Nama and The Living
Mountain.
ii.In 2019 he was the 1st English-language writer to receive the ‘Jnanpith Award’, India’s highest literary
honour for his writings on the planetary crisis and climate change.

IMPORTANT DAYS
National Disaster Response Force Raising Day 2025 – January 19
National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) Raising Day is observed annually across India on January 19 to
mark the founding of the NDRF, a special force under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).
• January 19, 2025 marks the observance of the 20th NDRF Raising Day.

Note:The NDRF, is a ‘Specialist Force’ to handle emergencies, trained to respond to both natural disasters
like floods, cyclones, and earthquakes, and man-made disasters like chemical spills and terrorist attacks.
Background:
i.India experienced a series of devastating natural disasters between 1990 and 2004, which led to the
creation of the Disaster Management (DM) Act on December 26, 2005.
ii.The Act paved the way for the establishment of the NDRF under Section 44, with the force being officially
raised on January 19, 2006, to become India’s premier disaster response unit.
• Since then, NDRF Raising Day has been observed annually on January 19.
iii.The mission is to develop and implement comprehensive plans, policies, and guidelines for effective
disaster management across India.
Organization and Structure:
i.Formation and Expansion: Initially formed in 2006 with 8 battalions, NDRF at present comprises 16
battalions from various forces of personnel from Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) including: Assam
Rifles (AR), Border Security Force (BSF), Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), Central Reserve Police
Force (CRPF), Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) and Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB).

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ii.Team Composition: Each battalion consists of 18 specialised Search and Rescue (SAR) teams, each with
45 personnel. The teams include: Engineers, Technicians, Electricians, Dog Squads and Medical/Paramedic
staffs.
iii.Total Personnel and Infrastructure: Each battalion has a strength of 1,149 personnel, with 28 Regional
Response Centers (RRCs) and 24 Tactical Pre-Positioning Locations (TPLs) across India. The sanctioned
strength of the force was 18,556.
• The battalions are well-equipped to handle both natural and man-made disasters, including
Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) emergencies.
Achievements:
i.Rescue Operations: NDRF has rescued over 1.55 lakh lives and evacuated more than 7.88 lakh stranded
individuals during critical situations.
ii.Global Interventions: The force has also provided assistance during global crises such as: Japan Triple
Disaster (2011), Nepal Earthquake (2015) and Türkiye Earthquake (2023).
iii.In 2024, NDRF conducted a record 1,038 operations, rescuing more than 4,000 lives and evacuating
63,000 people to safety.
2025 Events:
The 20th Raising Day ceremony of the NDRF was held at the 10th Battalion of NDRF located in
Kondapavuluru, Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh (AP) with Union Minister, Amit Shah, MHA as the Chief
Guest.
• During the event, Union Minister Amit Shah inaugurated several projects and laid foundation
stones for various initiatives worth approximately Rs 220 crore.
Key People:
Chief Minister (CM) of AP, N. Chandrababu Naidu, Union Minister, K. Rammohan, Ministry of Civil
Aviation (MoCA), Union Minister of State, Bandi Sanjay Kumar, MHA , Home Secretary Govind Mohan, and
NDRF Director General (DG) Piyush Anand.
The projects include:
i.Inaugurated the National South Campus of the Institute of Disaster Management (NIDM), AP.
ii.Inaugurated the 10th Battalion of NDRF.
iii.Inaugurated the Regional Response Centre (RRC) at Supaul (9th Battalion) Campus, AP.
iv.Laid foundation stone for ‘Integrated Indoor Shooting Range’ at the National Police Academy (NPA) in
Hyderabad, Telangana worth Rs. 27 crore.
• This range will be used to train Indian Police Service (IPS) probationary officers in shooting skills.
The range will be 50 meters (m) long and have 10 lanes, so 10 people can practice shooting at the
same time.
• It will be operational in all weather conditions and will use advanced, automated technology that
meets international standards. This will be a unique facility for police forces in India.
v.Inaugurated the Regional Forensic Science Laboratory(RFSL) Building in Tirupati, AP.
About National Disaster Response Force (NDRF):
Director-General (DG)- Piyush Anand
Headquarters– New Delhi, Delhi
Established- 2006

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Aeromexico, Saudia rank among the most punctual global airlines for 2024

Governments must act on AI risks despite uncertainty, warns report

NSDC International partners with IDP India to enhance global employability of skilled Indian professionals

Bandhan Life Insurance and Policybazaar launch iInvest Pension Plan

West Bengal-based artist and researcher wins first T.M. Krishna-PARI award

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related to examinations?
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examination are covered in Our Daily CA content and Daily CA
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Affairscloud: As some of the major news sites doesn't provide the
required data on the exact day, we take extra time for important data
to be presented to the aspirants on the examination basis to ensure
nothing is missed.
Example: In 'Important Days' topics the International Organisations
publish their reports and Rankings in the evenings, to make sure
every data is covered, we delay the topics to the next day
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