Note: Answer One Full Question from Each Module Module 1 1 a What is Digital Image Processing? Explain the fundamental steps 8M in digital image processing? b Describe briefly the principle of image formation in human eye. 6M c Explain the following terms: (a) Adjacency (b) Connectivity (c) 6M Grey level resolution (d) spatial resolution. OR 2 a With the help of a neat block diagram, explain the component of 8M general-purpose image processing system. b Explain the concept of sampling and quantization of an image. 6M c Let p and q be the pixels at coordinates (10,12) and (15,20), 5M respectively. Find out which distance measure gives the minimum distance between the pixels. Module 2 3 a Define two dimensional DFT. Explain the following properties of 6M 2-DFT (i) Translation (ii) Rotation (iii) Distributivity & Scaling (iv) Separability b For the given orthogonal matrix A and image u, obtain the 8M 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟐 transformed image and basis images. A = [ ] , u=[ ] √𝟐 𝟏 −𝟏 𝟑 𝟒 c Write H matrix for the Haar transform for N=4 and explain how 6M its constructed. OR 4 a State and explain the unitary transform and its properties. 6M b 1. Consider the 2x2 transform A and the image U given below 8M 𝟏 𝟐 𝟑 A = 𝟐 [ √𝟑 𝟏 ] , u=[ ] Calculate the transformed image V and −𝟏 √𝟑 𝟏 𝟐 basis images. Check the transformed image V using the basis images and U c Show that the NxN cosine transform matrix C is orthogonal. 6M Verify with proof for the case N=4 Module 3 5 a Explain the following image enhancement techniques, 7M highlighting their area of application (i) intensity level slicing (ii) power law transformation (iii) bit plane slicing (iv) Linear Transformation (v) log Transformation b Perform histogram equalization for the following image data, 7M sketch the histogram of the original image and histogram of equalized image rk 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 nk 790 1023 850 656 329 245 122 81 c Explain Smoothing Spatial Filtering 6M OR 6 a What is the importance of image enhancement in image 7M processing? Explain in brief any two-point processing techniques implemented in image processing. b Perform histogram equalization for the following image data, 7M sketch the histogram of the original image and histogram of equalized image rk 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 nk 0 0 6 5 4 1 0 0 0 0 c Explain Sharpening Spatial Filtering 6M
Module 4 7 a Explain and compare ideal low pass filter and Butterworth filter 8M for image smoothing in frequency domain. b Summarize the steps for Homomorphic filtering. 6M c Briefly explain RGB color model and HSI color models. 6M OR 8 a Explain and compare ideal low pass filter and Gaussian low pass 7M for image smoothing in frequency domain b Discuss Unsharp Masking, High boost Filtering and High- 7M Frequency-Emphasis Filtering. c Explain the color characteristics to distinguish between various 6M colors. Write the trichromatic coefficients in terms of X, Y and Z. Module 5 9 a Explain the basic model of image restoration process. Also 8M explain with necessary equations explain the most common Noise Probability Density Functions (PDFs) in an image processing b With necessary mathematical equations explain Inverse filtering. 7M c Explain various mean filters used in image restoration model. 5M OR 10 a With necessary mathematical equations explain Minimum Mean 7M Square Error (Wiener) Filtering. b Explain adaptive median filtering method for image restoration. 7M c Explain restoration in the presence of noise only using spatial 6M filtering
