IEEE Guide for Specifications

STANDARDS
for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated
Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

IEEE Power and Energy Society

Developed by the
Substations Committee

IEEE Std C37.123™-2023

(Revision of IEEE Std C37.123-2016)

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 IEEE Std C37.123™-2023
(Revision of IEEE Std C37.123-2016)

IEEE Guide for Specifications

for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated
Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

Developed by the

Substations Committee
of the
IEEE Power and Energy Society

Approved 6 December 2023

IEEE SA Standards Board

Recognized as an American National Standard

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 Abstract: The development of specifications for the technical requirements for the design,
fabrication, testing, installation, and in-service performance of a high-voltage gas-insulated
substation (GIS) are covered in this guide.

Keywords: gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear, gas-insulated substation, GIS equipment,

GIS specification, IEEE C37.123™, insulating gas, SF6, sulfur hexafluoride

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 Participants

At the time this IEEE guide was completed, the Specifications for High-Voltage Gase-Insulated Substations
Rated 52kV and Above Working Group had the following membership:

George Becker, Chair

David Solhtalab, Vice Chair
Patrick Fitzgerald, Secretary

Eldridge Byron Charlie Li Michael Novev

Vince Chiodo Jorge Marquez Sanchez Scott Scharf
Edward Crockett Nicholas Matone Devki Sharma
Peter Grossmann Jeremy McNutt Ryan Stone
William Munn

The following members of the individual Standards Association balloting group voted on this guide. Balloters
may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention.

Ficheux Arnaud Robert Hoerauf Bansi Patel

Michael Bayer Richard Jackson Shashikant Patel
George Becker John John Craig Polchinski
Steven Bezner Kurt Kaineder Craig Preuss
Vipul Bhagat Yuri Khersonsky Farnoosh Rahmatian
Eldridge Byron James Kinney Benito Ramos
Thomas Callsen Boris Kogan John Randolph
Ritwik Chowdhury Chiranjeevi Bala Charles Rogers
Randy Clelland Kotharu Bartien Sayogo
Lucas Collette Jim Kulchisky Steven Scharf
Robert Dempsey Wang Lei Devki Sharma
Neal Dowling Greg Luri Hyeong Sim
Douglas J. Edwards Jorge Marquez Sanchez P. Sivaraman
Jorge Fernandez Daher Nicholas Matone Andrew Steffen
Carl Fredericks Jeremy McNutt Ryan Stone
Kamal Garg Daleep Mohla Benton Vandiver
Shubhanker Garg Melvin Moncey Joseph Roger Verdolin
Jalal Gohari Thomas Mulcahy John Vergis
S. Gohil Michael Novev Lanyi Wang
Steven Hensley Miklos Orosz Kenneth White
Thang Hochanh Lorraine Padden David Wilson
Werner Hoelzl Terry Woodyard

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 When the IEEE SA Standards Board approved this guide on 6 December 2023, it had the following
membership:

David J. Law, Chair

Ted Burse, Vice Chair
Gary Hoffman, Past Chair
Konstantinos Karachalios, Secretary

Sara R. Biyabani Joseph S. Levy Paul Nikolich

Doug Edward Howard Li Annette D. Reilly
Ramy Ahmed Fathy Johnny Daozhuang Lin Robby Robson
Guido R. Hiertz Gui Lin Lei Wang
Yousef Kimiagar Xiaohui Liu F. Keith Waters
Joseph L. Koepfinger* Kevin W. Lu Karl Weber
Thomas Koshy Daleep C. Mohla Philip B. Winston
John D. Kulick Andrew Myles Don Wright

*Member Emeritus

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 Introduction

This introduction is not part of IEEE Std C37.123-2023, IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated
Substations Rated 52 kV and Above.

This guide is a revision of IEEE Std C37.123-2016. It reflects changes needed to coordinate
with IEEE Std C37.122™. It also reflects the present gas-insulated substation (GIS) manufacturing
technology. This guide applies to all indoor and outdoor ac high-voltage GISs rated above 52 kV and is
issued as a guide for use in compiling technical specifications for the purchase of ac high-voltage gas
insulated switchgear.

This guide is not a tutorial. This guide is intended to assist the user in developing and preparing
specifications for GISs and equipment. The user of this guide should evaluate how, and to what extent, each
clause applies to the development of the GIS specification. Application of this guide should be done
with sufficient technical knowledge and understanding. Users of this guide are expected to have
become familiar with IEEE Std C37.122, and are encouraged to review IEEE Std C37.122.1™.

The structure of this guide is similar to that of a typical utility GIS specification. From the very beginning it
was obvious to the working group that while most of the GIS projects are executed as a turnkey project, this
guide would have to be limited in scope to a procurement specification and provide guidance for the
design, fabrication, testing, installation, and in-service performance requirements of the equipment only.
General commercial terms and conditions that form part of a specification for a project are not discussed in
this guide. The imperative mode of the language used for example clauses is illustrative of that used in
specifications. It does not imply that this document is anything other than advisory in its scope. This guide
contains clauses that may be used directly in a purchaser’s specification. Alternately, users may modify
example clauses to form the basis of their own specification. This guide does not contain all of the clauses
that a purchaser may require for the purchase of a GIS for each and every conceivable application or
physical installation. For example, this guide makes no reference to commercial conditions that might be
included in a purchaser’s complete specification. The guide also does not contain example clauses that
would provide all necessary requirements for every system application or physical installation. Users of
the guide are cautioned to thoroughly review each individual application when preparing a GIS
specification. Ultimately the user specification will have to be influenced by the user’s own system
requirements, and operating and maintenance practices.

This guide was prepared by the High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substation Working Group K12 of the IEEE
Substations Committee.

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9
 Contents

1. Overview��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 12
1.1 Scope�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 12
1.2 Purpose����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 12
1.3 Word usage����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 12
1.4 Application����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 13
1.5 Specification format��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 13

2. Normative references�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 14

3. Definitions������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 15

4. Service conditions������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 15

5. Scope of supply����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 16
5.1 General����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 16
5.2 Equipment and services furnished by the user������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 18
5.3 Equipment and services furnished by the supplier������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 19

6. Information required with proposal����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 20

6.1 General����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 20
6.2 Information to be furnished after award���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 21

7. GIS design������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 22
7.1 GIS layout and equipment ratings������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 22
7.2 GIS general requirements������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 23

8. GIS components detailed requirements����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 28

8.1 GIS bus and enclosures����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 28
8.2 Circuit breakers���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 28
8.3 Disconnect and grounding switches��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 30
8.4 Gas system������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 32
8.5 Insulating gas-to-air bushings������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 34
8.6 Cable connections������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 35
8.7 Transformer connections�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 35
8.8 Current transformers�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 36
8.9 Voltage transformers��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 36
8.10 Metal-enclosed surge arresters��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 37
8.11 Capacitive voltage couplers�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 38
8.12 Local control, bay controllers, or marshalling cabinets�������������������������������������������������������������������� 39
8.13 Nameplates��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 42
8.14 Documentation��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 43

9. Tests���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 43
9.1 Design tests (type tests)���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 43
9.2 Routine production tests��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 46
9.3 Factory acceptance tests��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 46
9.4 Field tests�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 46

10. Quality and shop inspections������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 47

11. Packing, shipping, and storage���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 47

Annex A (normative) GIS specific requirements�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 49

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 Annex B (normative) Typical proposal data for GIS requirements and services, to be provided by the supplier
with bid���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 54

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 IEEE Guide for Specifications
for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated
Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

1. Overview
1.1 Scope
This guide is for the development of specifications for the technical requirements for the design, fabrication,
testing, installation, and in-service performance of a high-voltage gas-insulated substation (GIS).

1.2 Purpose
This document is issued as a guide for use in compiling procurement specifications for the design,
fabrication, testing, installation, and in-service performance of high-voltage GIS equipment. This guide
applies specifically to all types of high-voltage GIS equipment rated above 52 kV ac. The imperative mode
of the language is illustrative of that used in design and procurement specifications. It does not imply that
this document is anything other than advisory in its scope. Specifically, this revision will align the text with
IEEE Std C37.122™ and IEEE Std C37.122.1™.6

This guide is not intended to develop a complete specification for a turnkey project. General terms and
conditions forming the commercial part of a specification for a particular project are outside the scope of this
document.

1.3 Word usage

The word shall indicates mandatory requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the standard
and from which no deviation is permitted (shall equals is required to).7,8

The word should indicates that among several possibilities one is recommended as particularly suitable,
without mentioning or excluding others; or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily
required (should equals is recommended that).

The word may is used to indicate a course of action permissible within the limits of the standard (may equals
is permitted to).

6
Information on references can be found in Clause 2.
7
The use of the word must is deprecated and cannot be used when stating mandatory requirements; must is used only to describe
unavoidable situations.
8
The use of will is deprecated and cannot be used when stating mandatory requirements; will is only used in statements of fact.

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

The word can is used for statements of possibility and capability, whether material, physical, or causal (can
equals is able to).

1.4 Application
This guide should be considered as a general-purpose resource and does not include all details needed for a
specific project.

This guide includes several clauses that use the word “shall.” These clauses are included as typical sample
clauses that may directly be used by the users in their specification (see Clause 5, Clause 6, Clause 7, Clause 8).
Other clauses with the word “should” may be used to form the basis of a user’s own worded clause for that
user’s specification.

This guide includes Annex A intended for the user to specify project-specific technical and other requirements,
and Annex B intended for the GIS manufacturer to provide proposal data.

In this guide, the words “user” and “purchaser” are used interchangeably. In many cases, however, the
purchaser may not be the same as the end-user. In such cases, the specification should differentiate between
the two.

1.5 Specification format

A GIS specification set consists of several documents that include, in addition to general commercial terms
and conditions, a general specification for the project, a supplementary specification listing equipment ratings
and deliverables, schedule, etc., and a list of technical data and other information that should be provided by
the manufacturer or GIS supplier with the bid for evaluation purposes. A typical GIS specification structure
usually consists of the following clauses, not necessarily in the same sequence or with the same title:

a) Project scope and description

b) References
c) Definitions
d) Service conditions (environment, location)
e) Division of responsibilities
f) Engineering studies
g) Electrical characteristics of GIS design
h) Detailed requirements of GIS components
i) Control and monitoring
j) Accessories and appurtenances
k) Supervision of installation
l) Tests
m) Drawings and instruction manuals
n) Technical training
o) Shipping and receiving
p) GIS specific requirements, component ratings, quantities, special requirements (Annex A)
q) Schedule (Annex A)
r) Information to be furnished by manufacturer or supplier with bid for bid evaluation (Annex B)

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

The specification generally should include a statement that requires the supplier to supply the GIS in
accordance with the purchaser’s specification and the referenced standards. The specification should also state
which standards should be applicable in the event of conflict between standards and indicate which takes
precedence in the event of conflict between the purchaser’s specification and the referenced standards. The
specification should identify the standards, including purchaser’s own in-house standards, practices, and
drawings that must be complied with by the supplier during the provision of the GIS.

2. Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document (i.e., they must
be understood and used, so each referenced document is cited in text and its relationship to this document is
explained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies.

ASTM B117, Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus.9

ASTM D2472, Specification for Sulfur Hexafluoride.

IEC 60376, Specification of technical grade sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and complementary gases to be used in
its mixtures for use in electrical equipment.10

IEC 60480, Specifications for the re-use of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and its mixtures in electrical equipment.

IEC 62271-102, High-Voltage Switchgear and Controlgear: Part 102: Alternating current disconnectors and
earthing switches.

IEC 62271-209, High-Voltage Switchgear and Controlgear: Part 209: Cable connections for gas-insulated
metal-enclosed switchgear for rated voltages above 52 kV—Fluid-filled and extruded insulation cables—
Fluid-filled and dry-type cable terminations.

IEC 62271-211, High-Voltage Switchgear and Controlgear: Part 211: Direct connection between power
transformers and gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear for rated voltages above 52 kV.

IEEE Std 525™, IEEE Guide for the Design and Installation of Cable Systems in Substations.11,12

IEEE Std 693™, IEEE Recommended Practice for Seismic Design of Substations.

IEEE Std 1300™, IEEE Guide for Cable Connections for Gas-Insulated Substations.

IEEE Std C37.04™, IEEE Standard for Ratings and Requirements for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers with
Rated Maximum Voltage Above 1000 V.

IEEE Std C37.09™, IEEE Standard Test Procedures for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers with Rated
Maximum Voltage Above 1000 V.

IEEE Std C37.010™, IEEE Application Guide for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers > 1000 Vac Rated on a
Symmetrical Current Basis.

9
ASTM publications are available from the American Society for Testing and Materials (https://​www​.astm​.org/​).
10
IEC publications are available from the International Electrotechnical Commission (https://​www​.iec​.ch) and the American National
Standards Institute (https://​www​.ansi​.org/​).
11
IEEE publications are available from The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (https://​standards​.ieee​.org/​).
12
The IEEE standards or products referred to in Clause 2 are trademarks owned by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,
Incorporated.

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

IEEE Std C37.011™, IEEE Guide for the Application of Transient Recovery Voltage for AC High-Voltage
Circuit Breakers with Rated Maximum Voltage above 1000 V.

IEEE Std C37.012™, IEEE Guide for the Application of Capacitive Current Switching for AC High-Voltage
Circuit Breakers Above 1000 V.

IEEE Std C37.015™, IEEE Guide for the Application of Shunt Reactor Switching.

IEEE Std C37.017™, IEEE Standard for Bushings for High-Voltage (over 1000 Vac) Circuit Breakers and
Gas-Insulated Switchgear.

IEEE Std C37.11™, IEEE Standard Requirements for Electrical Control for AC High-Voltage (> 1000 V)
Circuit Breakers.

IEEE Std C37.100.1™, IEEE Standard of Common Requirements for High Voltage Power Switchgear Rated
Above 1000 V.

IEEE Std C37.122™, IEEE Standard for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated Above 52 kV.

IEEE Std C37.122.1™, IEEE Guide for Gas-Insulated Substations Rated Above 52 kV.

IEEE Std C37.122.3™, IEEE Guide for Sulphur Hexafluoride (SF6) Gas Handling for High-Voltage (over
1000 Vac) Equipment.

IEEE Std C57.13™, IEEE Standard Requirements for Instrument Transformers.

IEEE Std C62.11™, IEEE Standard for Metal-Oxide Surge Arresters for AC Power Circuits (>1 kV).

ISO 9001, Quality Management Systems—Requirements.13

NEMA CC 1, Electric Power Connection for Substations.14

NFPA 70, National Electrical Code® (NEC®).15,16

3. Definitions
This guide does not include any specific definitions.

The IEEE Standards Dictionary Online should be consulted for terms as needed.17

4. Service conditions
Usual and unusual service conditions are described in Clause 2 of IEEE Std C37.122™-2021, and Clause 3
of IEEE Std C37.100.1™-2018. Users should review these clauses for the unusual service conditions to
determine if any apply to their system. If any of the actual service conditions differ from these normal (usual)
service conditions, these should be specified in Annex A.

13
ISO publications are available from the International Organization for Standardization (https://​www​.iso​.org/​) and the American
National Standards Institute (https://​www​.ansi​.org/​).
14
NEMA publications are available from the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (https://​www​.nema​.org/​).
15
National Electrical Code and NEC are both registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Inc.
16
NFPA publications are published by the National Fire Protection Association (https://​www​.nfpa​.org/​).
17
IEEE Standards Dictionary Online is available at: http://​dictionary​.ieee​.org. An IEEE account is required for access to the dictionary,
and one can be created at no charge on the dictionary sign-in page.

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

5. Scope of supply
5.1 General
The user specification should clearly indicate what is to be supplied by the GIS manufacturer. It should also
clearly indicate what is not to be supplied by the manufacturer, and the services that will be furnished by
the user at the project site. Typical scopes of the equipment and services to be furnished by the user and the
supplier are provided in 5.2 and 5.3, respectively. Annex A should be used to provide a detailed listing of the
scope of supply. The user should indicate the application of the equipment (i.e., type of substation for which
the GIS will be used).

Project teams benefit from clear definition of project scope. This part of the specification defines the deliverables
and the constraints for the project and facilitates communication and cooperation toward the project goals. The
deliverables are engineering studies and services, documentation, equipment supply, installation services, and
testing services. The major constraints are as follows:

a) Substation one-line diagram (including any applicable future provisions).

b) Physical constraints for the GIS: area and heights available for the GIS and definition of areas excluded
from use along with any construction access restrictions. These will include the locations of physical
barriers like retraining walls and unmovable conduit or cable trough.
c) Direction of connected lines/cables.
d) Any fixed locations for primary voltage terminations including phasing.
e) Schedule for the project including time when the jobsite will be ready to receive equipment and any
sequencing or outage planning restrictions that would change the normal progression of the work.
f) Scope boundaries for the engineering, supply, installation, verification and testing of the GIS. A
pictorial example of scope division for equipment supply is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1—Scope division for equipment supply

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

In addition to the GIS equipment specifications and ratings, site description, GIS interfaces (e.g., transmission
lines, transformers, cables), control and monitoring requirements, etc., the user and potential suppliers should
discuss the following as part of the project pre-bid process.

The user and supplier should agree on the engineering studies to be performed and the calculations to be
provided as part of the project. The studies and calculations may include, but are not limited to, the following:

— Insulation coordination, transient recovery voltages (TRVs), temporary over voltages (TOV), and very
fast transients (VFTs)
— Ferroresonance interactions between the GIS bus or interconnected cables and wound voltage
transformers
— Grounding—touch, step, and transfer potentials
— Calculated bus resistance
— Calculated trip and close coil burdens and dc circuit loads
— Required ac station service loads (e.g., heaters, cabinet lighting, convenience receptacles, compressors,
or hydraulic operators) and thermal calculations for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system
for indoor GIS
— Overall installation lighting provisions
— Accessibility to devices, operating mechanisms, viewports, and gauges/instrumentation

The user and supplier should agree on the level of training to be provided to operations, maintenance, and
dispatch personnel. The training should consist of classroom work describing the nature of GIS equipment,
insulating gas handling, features of the various devices (e.g., circuit breakers, disconnects, grounding and
fast-acting grounding switches, and instrument transformers), interlocking or control permissive schemes,
methods to determine device position, alarm descriptions and required actions, routine maintenance inspection
requirements and checks, maintenance procedures for circuit breakertiming and travel checks, integration of
one-line and gas zone diagrams, etc. Also included in the training session before the equipment is placed in
service should be hands-on activities such as operating the devices, using viewports, bore scopes or other
equipment to check device positions, sampling insulating gas, etc.

The user and supplier should agree on the project administrative procedures and practices including the
following:

a) Required meeting attendance and status or schedule updates.

b) The quantity and format of the documentation, what design platforms should be used (e.g., CAD
software), how will drawing control be administered (e.g., the review process, modifications, issues
for construction, and as-built drawings).
c) Special security protocols or access requirements.
d) Acceptable material delivery times and any construction noise level limitations (residential areas).
e) Daily progress reports and photographs including records of safety training and incidents.
f) Environmental (wetland) permits and reports (insulating gas usage).
g) Crane or material handling and construction (electrician) licenses.
h) Building, fire protection, or construction permits.
i) Interfaces and the division of responsibility with other interconnected parties, e.g., a separate party
owns a transmission line or cable to be connected to the user’s GIS.

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

j) Interfaces in a user’s facility between equipment provided by different suppliers.

k) The extent of support to be provided by the supplier’s on-site representative and that representative’s
level of communication skills.

The user and supplier should also discuss and agree on the procedures for gas handling and test equipment.
Who will supply the gas cart or processing equipment? Should a gas cart be included in the scope of supply?
What is the largest GIS zone to be processed? How will the gas be tested to verify purity? What maintenance
records will be provided before the equipment is placed in service to provide a historical basis for future
condition monitoring? The supplier generally conducts the high-voltage conditioning tests using a series
resonant set. The parties should agree whether a generator is needed, or station service power has adequate
capacity. If required, where will test bushings be provided?

The user and supplier should also agree on any special tools, spare parts, routine maintenance products
(lubricants), or similar materials. In the case of special tools, two new sets with a detailed inventory and
labeled for the user should be included in the scope of supply. The supplier should provide the user with the
ordering information and contact information for special items such as O-rings and sealants that have a defined
shelf life.

5.2 Equipment and services furnished by the user

Unless otherwise specified or agreed upon, the user should receive, install, and field-test the apparatus
specified herein. Installation and field testing of the GIS should be completed under the supervision of the
supplier to help ensure correct installation. Unless otherwise specified, the following equipment and services
are often furnished by the user:

a) Concrete foundations and concrete or steel plate floors

b) Power transformers or reactors, including bushings
c) Surge arresters outside the GIS
d) The station ground grid, below ground, and jumpers of adequate length to structures
e) AC and dc auxiliary power to furnished equipment
f) Hoist or crane
g) Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) equipment
h) Conduit or troughs and wiring from local control cabinets (LCCs) to user’s relay/control equipment
i) Gas handling equipment
j) Batteries and battery chargers
k) Protective relaying systems
l) Transmission-line dead-end terminations
m) Control and power cable trenches and/or trays
n) Erection labor, with the supervision and assistance of the GIS supplier
o) Control house and related equipment or building in case of indoor installation, including crane, if
applicable
p) Jobsite unloading and storage
q) Field welding, if required, with the supervision and assistance of the GIS supplier
r) Test equipment, coordinated with the GIS supplier

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

s) Tertiary bus, tertiary reactors, and other related equipment

t) High-voltage power cables and terminations
u) Anchor bolts and/or embedded steel if part of foundation pouring
v) Instrument transformers and capacitor voltage transformers not included in the GIS
w) Substation fence, lighting, and direct stroke lightning protection

5.3 Equipment and services furnished by the supplier

The supplier shall design, manufacture, test, deliver, and guarantee the following GIS components and services
as recommended by this guide:

a) The complete GIS based on the one-line diagram provided by the user and including direct connections
to power transformers and line exits with associated circuit breakers, disconnect and grounding
switches (maintenance or high-speed), instrument voltage, current transformers, and surge arresters.
b) All metal-enclosed gas-insulated buses (GIBs) for interconnecting various assemblies, including
flexible joints to help ensure service continuity during thermal cycling and vibration.
c) All high-voltage insulating gas-to-air bushings with proper terminal pad should be specified according
to IEEE Std C37.017™.
d) All cable connections, including insulating gas enclosures, terminator support structures, and
mounting insulators should be as specified in IEC 62271-209 and IEEE Std 1300™.
e) All power transformer and shunt reactor bushing insulating gas enclosures, complete with vibration
dampers and/or alignment bellows, if required in accordance with IEC 62271-211.
f) All coordination with power transformer, shunt reactor, cable, and cable termination suppliers to assure
proper electrical and mechanical interface, in accordance with IEC 62271-209 and IEC 62271-211.
g) All necessary supports, platforms, stairways, and walkways, for operation and maintenance functions
including fasteners to foundation. Final design of platforms and walkway systems is to be by mutual
agreement between the user and the supplier.
h) All operating mechanisms installed in suitable cabinets.
i) All local control or marshalling cabinets.
j) All wiring of devices and terminations internal to the switchgear and all shielded control cables
(and associated raceways), above foundation, between the equipment and the GIS local control or
marshalling cabinets.
k) Ground buses and ground connection pads for connection to the ground grid.
l) Gas density monitors, pressure relief devices, and gas-filling connections.
m) All necessary gaskets, O-ring’s sealants, and desiccant.
n) Initial filling of insulating gas.
o) Any other parts or equipment that is not specifically noted herein but that is necessary for trouble-free
operation, installation, and maintenance of the GIS.
p) Technical services for site assembly and testing by a competent service engineer. Indicate days
included in the base bid and give a per diem rate for additional time.
q) Any special tools, lifting devices, and gas manifolds necessary for erection that should be retained by
the user for maintenance purposes.

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

r) External surface preparation and coating, if specified. Color may affect the rating and the user shall be
informed in the proposal of the new rating. Sufficient amount of touch-up paint is to be provided.
s) Nameplates for each main component and operating device
t) User may require a scale model of the GIS for use as a design and training aid.
u) Documents to be provided as required by 8.14.

6. Information required with proposal

6.1 General
The proposal for a new or an addition to an existing GIS shall include the following documents:

a) General arrangement drawings and one-line diagrams, gas schematic diagrams, gas zone drawing,
typical control diagrams, weights and dimensions, anchor requirements, appropriate technical data,
the bill of material, and a description of system components. A suggested listing of data required with
the proposal is shown in Annex B.
b) Type test report, if required by the user. List of production and field tests. List of existing factory
design and production test data and documentations for the GIS system proposed.
c) Prices of insulation coordination, TRV, VFTs, and electromagnetic transients program studies prices,
if required by the user.
d) Seismic qualification plan and price, if required by the user.
e) Grounding and bonding study price, if required by the user.
f) Drawings showing full details of locations where future expansion is to take place.
g) Documentation on installation procedure and sequence, operation, and maintenance of the GIS.
h) Data on allowable misalignment at the installation or required accuracy of foundations and anchors.
i) List of recommended spare parts, including price and delivery for normal and catastrophic failure
conditions.
j) List and price of special tools, fixtures, and lifting devices required for installation, operation, and
maintenance.
k) Availability and price of high-voltage test equipment, if required by the user.
l) List of previously supplied GIS facilities and their performance to date.
m) Estimated time required to install and to test the equipment.
n) User should indicate any limits on manpower available for installation that could have an effect on the
supplier’s time estimate. In the absence of any limitations, the supplier time estimate should indicate
manpower loading assumed plus any specific tasks that may require higher manpower loading than
the majority of the installation.
o) Field service engineer price.
p) Training for personnel of the user, including price, duration, and material covered.
q) Filled-out data sheets provided in Annex A. Separate data sheets should be provided for each
alternative proposal.
r) Listing of exceptions to and deviations from this guide and specific user requirements. All exceptions
should be clearly and separately itemized. It should not be necessary for the user to examine

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

the standard literature and documents of the supplier to determine the existence and extent of any
exceptions or deviations from this guide.
s) Weight and dimensions of largest removable component (for use by the user in designing permanent
hoist or crane). Recommended crane capacity and height to hook. Load data (kg) for the assembly for
the foundation design. Turning radius needed to be able to rotate the largest removable component
for assembly/dis-assembly. (This is needed for designing the dimensions of the switchgear hall for an
indoor installation.)
t) Maximum weight of insulating gas in largest compartment. If suppliers gas barrier design requires
that adjacent compartments have the insulating gas pressure reduced during maintenance, supplier
should explain this and give the maximum amount of gas to be handled as a result.
u) Static and dynamic foundation loading for the circuit breaker.
v) A table of normal operating pressure, minimum operating pressure and alarm level pressure for each
gas zone or type of equipment.
w) Total amount of insulating gas in the GIS.
x) Location of the switch view ports, mechanism boxes, gas density monitors, pressure relief devices,
and gas-filling connections.
y) Outline drawings with dimensions of all major components. Drawing shall include all GIS view port
locations.
z) Data of corrosion protection (paint) system.
aa) Voltage and current transformer magnetization and excitation curves.
bb) Statement indicating the country of origin of major materials and components not originating in or
manufactured in the user’s country.
cc) Local control or marshalling cabinet supplier name.
dd) Identify drawing labeling format for local control or marshalling cabinets, ANSI, and/or IEC.

6.2 Information to be furnished after award

The GIS manufacturer shall furnish the user with complete documentation that would be used for the
engineering, procurement, construction, operation, and maintenance of the GIS equipment. At a minimum, the
documentation shall consist of the following:

a) A design criteria thoroughly covering all aspects of the equipment scope.

b) GIS grounding study and analysis. GIS grounding shall be designed to meet requirements of
IEEE Std 80™ and IEEE Std C37.122.1™ with regards to step and touch potential as well as VFTs
created by circuit breaker or disconnect switch switching.
c) Construction drawings.
d) Operation and maintenance manuals.
e) Project schedule.
f) Structural and seismic design analyses and seismic qualification requirements signed and certified by
licensed professional engineer, if required by the user.
g) Structural design and calculations for any platforms, catwalks, and stairs.
h) Ac and dc circuit ampacity and voltage drop calculations.
i) GIS equipment heat loss calculations, if required by the user.

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j) GIS description of operation, if required by the user.

k) Training manuals.
l) 3-D views of the GIS equipment in the GIS building showing safe personnel access to view port,
pressure monitor, gas fill port, and mechanism box access locations, including any camera leads,
adjacent fixed platforms, stairways, guardrails, wireways/trays, or overhead lighting.
m) Views showing effective access routes, sizing, and storage for any mobile/portable stairways,
platforms, or ladder.

7. GIS design
7.1 GIS layout and equipment ratings
The station layout and equipment rating shall be based on the one-line diagram furnished by the user.
Depending on the station rating and the user’s preference, single- or three-phase enclosures may be furnished.
The user shall also provide the GIS electrical ratings and any special requirements, seismic requirements,
or protective measures in particularly harsh operating environments. The one-line diagrams should show
interfaces with transmission lines, power cables, power transformer(s), locations for future extension, and
interface with existing GIS, if any.

The one-line diagram should include as a minimum the following components and information as applicable:

— Feeder (transmission line, power transformer), ratings

— GIS bus, rating
— Power transformers, rating
— Circuit breakers, rating
— Disconnect switches, rating
— Grounding switches (maintenance or high-speed)
— Voltage transformers, rating
— Current transformers, ratio, accuracy, thermal rating factor at specified ambient temperature
— Surge arresters, maximum continuous operating voltage (MCOV) rating
— Preferred phasing
— Interfaces with transmission line, power cables, etc.
— Device identification numbers
— Gas compartment identification numbers

The project specific requirements should be specified by the user using Annex A as a guide.

The user may wish to add the preferred location of gas barriers on the one-line diagram.

7.1.1 GIS equipment rating

IEEE Std C37.122 specifies the electrical ratings that all components within a GIS. The users should review
the recommended ratings in IEEE Std C37.122 select and specify the appropriate ratings as per Annex A as
applicable to their particular project.

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7.2 GIS general requirements

7.2.1 Electrical interlock schemes

Electrical interlocks or another suitable means of interlocking between circuit breakers, disconnect switches,
and grounding switches shall be provided. The interlocking system shall prevent a disconnect switch operation
(close or open) under load, prevent grounding switches from being closed into an energized bus, and prevent a
disconnect switch from being closed into a grounded bus. Disconnect switches used for bus transfer switching
may require a means to override interlocks. Electrical interlock schemes should be fail-safe to prevent loss of
interlock function upon loss of control voltage.

7.2.2 Mitigating over voltages

Proper grounding and bonding for mitigating switching over voltages and very fast transient over voltages
(VFTOs) during disconnect operation shall be included.

7.2.3 Proper heater operation

Heaters (and thermostats, if specified) should be furnished as required in control cabinets and equipment
housings to avoid condensation. Indicating lights may be specified to show proper heater operation.

7.2.4 Standard manufacture

As much as possible, parts should be of standard manufacture with interchangeable parts and assemblies. All
circuit breakers of the same ratings shall have identical and interchangeable parts and operating mechanisms.
Disconnect switches and ground switches of the same rating and same configuration and type shall have
interchangeable parts.

7.2.5 Pressure relief devices

Pressure relief devices shall be provided when pressure rise due to internal faults exceeds pressure rating
of enclosure. The pressure relief devices shall be provided with a shield and be vented to provide a safe
environment for field personnel and for equipment during operation. The bursting pressure of the relief device
should be effectively coordinated with the rated gas pressure and the pressure rise due to arcing as described
in IEEE Std C37.122.

7.2.6 Expansion

Expansion and installation alignment should be considered in the design of the conductor and the enclosure.
If required, expansion joints should be provided with compensators for the enclosure and sliding plug-in
contacts for the conductor.

7.2.7 Connections

Connections between adjacent conductor sections should be made by means of plug-in type or bolted type
contacts. Shields should be placed to control electric field distribution. Field welding of the conductor is not
acceptable, except when required for special cases of extension, repair, or retrofit.

7.2.8 Weatherproof enclosures

Components outside the insulating gas environment shall be installed in weatherproof enclosures for outdoor
installation, when required.

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7.2.9 Bolted, gasketed flange connections

Shipping sections should be joined in the field using bolted, gasketed flange connections of the enclosure.
Flanged connections shall have a gas seal between the flange surfaces. A second seal ring, sealants, or other
suitable means are required to protect the gas seal from the external environment. Connections, including
bolts, washers, and nuts, should be adequately protected from corrosion and should be easily accessible with
the proper tools.

7.2.10 Field-welded connections

Where necessary, and agreed to by the user, field-welded connections may be used between major fixed
components to permit length and angular adjustments to compensate for construction tolerances. Where field
welding is used to join the enclosures, provision should be made and described to preclude the entry of foreign
materials into the gas space.

7.2.11 Design of supporting structures

Where required, structures to support the equipment, platforms, and walkways for operation and maintenance
access to operating and monitoring devices should be designed to permit access without use of special devices
or portable ladders. The structures shall be either aluminum or hot-dipped galvanized steel. All structures,
stairs, platforms, and walkways shall conform to the relevant occupational health and safety regulations and
designed in accordance with the latest industry standards and guidelines. The platforms and walkways shall
be provided with a non-skid coating on surfaces that can be walked on. Handrails shall be provided where
necessary.

7.2.12 GIS grounding and bonding

As per IEEE Std C37.122, the grounding design shall be based on the maximum system fault level specified by
the user. Sufficient bonding of the GIS shall be provided to limit the circulating currents to ground grid to the
level specified by the user. GIS ground pad terminals shall be located to permit proper connection to the station
ground grid and to minimize external bus enclosure voltage gradient to a safe limit. All support structures and
control cabinets are to be grounded.

7.2.13 Hardware

All nuts and studs shall be securely locked in place to prevent loosening during operation.

Removable bolts or nuts shall be adequately protected from corrosion and shall be easily accessible.

All moving parts shall be made free from objectionable friction due to corrosion or galling of pins, shafts,
bushings, etc., by the use of materials in the proper corrosion-resistant and non-galling combinations, properly
protected.

Corrosion-resistant cotter pins, fasteners, washers, and locking devices shall be used throughout. All clevises
and hangers shall be designed to allow rotating pins to move without excessive wear of cotter pins and other
fasteners.

7.2.14 Gaskets

New gaskets, sealant, and desiccant shall be installed for permanent sealing of all field assembled joints and
all access covers removed during assembly. No gaskets are to be reused for any permanent seal broken or
disturbed in the field. If pressure relief devices are rupture disks or other self-destructive devices, then at
least three spare discs and associated gaskets are to be provided and available during filling and testing of the
equipment. Rupture disks and gaskets are also to be included as part of normal spare parts stock.

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7.2.15 Conduits and fittings

All conduit and conduit fittings shall be of adequate size to prevent jamming of wires and shall be of adequate
mounting strength.

7.2.16 Raceways

Raceways and conduits shall be installed so as not to present a safety hazard to personnel operating and
servicing the equipment.

7.2.17 Control wire protection

All control wires shall be protected from rough and sharp edges and be routed so as to minimize the effects of
electromagnetic coupled transients.

7.2.18 Shielding

Instrument transformer secondary wiring and all external and interconnecting control wiring shall be
adequately shielded from voltages induced by switching surges, and to minimize the possibility of insulation
failure introducing line potential on this wiring as per IEEE Std C37.122.1. The wiring shall be installed in
accordance with IEEE Std 525™.

7.2.19 Type of wiring

The control and instrument transformer secondary wiring shall be oil-, water-, and flame-resistant. Polarity,
phase, and tap identification shall be provided. High-temperature insulated wire, rated for 150 °C minimum,
shall be used for connections to heaters.

7.2.20 Wire size

Wire sizes for control wiring and instrument transformer secondary leads shall be coordinated with the
inherent current requirements and voltage drop limitations. No splices shall be allowed in current transformer
secondary leads, voltage transformer secondary leads, or any control wire circuits.

7.2.21 Terminal blocks

All component wiring shall be terminated on terminal blocks.

The metallic parts of terminals for control and instrument transformer wiring shall be corrosion resistant.

All terminals of control wires and instrument transformer circuits shall be labeled/numbered with sleeve
type tags at both ends of the wires. This identification shall be the same as that shown on the circuit breaker
elementary and wiring drawings. Physical arrangement of all wiring terminals shall be identical on all similar
circuit breakers.

Shorting type terminal blocks shall be used for current transformer lead connections.

7.2.22 Insulation withstand

All terminals and control circuit wiring shall be in accordance with IEEE Std C37.122.

7.2.23 Surface preparation

All surfaces of outdoor circuit breaker frames, tanks, operating mechanisms, and other GIS parts exposed to
possible corrosion shall be weatherproofed and designed to prevent accumulation of moisture. Those surfaces

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that require painting shall be shot-blasted, sand-blasted, or chemically cleaned and given a suitable finish. A
salt spray test meeting ASTM B117 requirements may be specified.

The user should specify number of coats and paint thickness.

7.2.24 Stability of parts

No part shall unduly change its characteristics due to aging, temperature variations, moisture, corrosion, or
wear; loosen excessively with operation; require delicate or frequent adjustments; or require frequent periodic
lubrication.

The first recommended action is requesting a spare parts list from the GIS supplier during the quotation period.
Suppliers of GIS equipment may offer valuable information on operating experiences from other users. As the
parts list is being developed it may be advisable to obtain estimated lead times on delivery of major and minor
components. The availability of parts could impact what items and quantities are required for the spare parts
plan.

Request separate pricing for the requested parts and maintenance materials. This enables the ability to separate
cost for the best project pricing and award of purchase order. Also, the negotiation of future parts and material
cost for the company’s maintenance department may be possible. Be sure to include the proper storage and
protective packaging required to make these spare parts usable.

7.2.25 GIS enclosures/building, equipment clearances, and access

One of the major considerations for a new GIS site is the enclosure. While there are installations of GIS
without enclosures, there are many benefits that are obtained when enclosures are included.

Construction: Since the enclosure is constructed before the GIS, ensure meeting construction target dates.
Inclement weather is unlikely to impact the schedule. If the enclosure includes an overhead crane this can also
assist in meeting schedules.

Security: Depending on the outside appearance of the enclosure the general public may not recognize a
substation inside the enclosure. This alone could reduce and even eliminate the risk of theft and vandalism.
Many GIS users have created facades of other buildings, such as office complexes and other public buildings.

Operation and maintenance enhancements: Since the substation is out of the weather and sun, the GIS user will
experience improved reliability and reduced maintenance. Data is beginning to show significant reductions in
GIS maintenance and longer equipment life.

GIS users typically define in the GIS arrangement specification the site parameters and limitations including
indoor or outdoor installations, wetland and property boundaries, subsurface utilities, site access/roadways,
stations service, and communication facilities, and such. As part of this specification process, it is important to
include clear and safe maintenance and equipment access. Engineering and operations, maintenance, and test
personnel should meet to identify and document their needs to be described in the specification.

a) Space required for future equipment expansions or GIS equipment bays.

b) Corridors should be provided the length of the GIS enclosure/building or space on an equipment pad,
for gas processing equipment. These spaces should be clear of any columns, stairways, ladders, etc.,
that would impede movement of a gas cart. A typical clear window is 3 m (10 ft) wide approximately
and 2.4 m to 3.6 m (8 ft to 12 ft) high. Maintenance access corridors may also be needed between
adjacent bays.
NOTE—GIS by design is intended to reduce equipment footprints. Excessively large maintenance aisles will add
to the cost, particularly if a GIS enclosure or building is involved in the project.18

18
Notes in text, tables, and figures of a standard are given for information only and do not contain requirements needed to implement this
standard.
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c) A source of auxiliary power sources to operate gas carts, welders, high potential test sets, etc., should
be provided at convenient and appropriate locations.
d) What space is required for circuit breaker maintenance access, e.g., interrupter assembly removal?
Manufacturers should provide a drawing, detailing how access is provided in the proposed design.
e) In accordance with Owner’s and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) criteria,
access should be provided to all circuit breaker, ground and disconnect viewports, operating
mechanisms, dc isolation switches, and similar operating indicators. Ladders, fixed or mobile
platforms, and stairways should be provided to minimize users’ employee’s exposure to injuries such
as trips or falls.
f) Provisions should be made to hang equipment status tags (e.g., Do Not Operate).
g) Where gas-to-air bushings are adjacent to each other but are on two different circuits, they need to be
spaced sufficiently far apart that one circuit can be energized from the system while the other circuit
can be safely tested at full field high-voltage test conditions and safe working clearances.
h) Equipment control cabinets:
1) GIS equipment control cabinets including circuit breakers should be a minimum of 15.34 cm
(6 in) above floor or ground level to facilitate wiring and minimize water infiltration and rodent
problems.
2) Equipment control cable entries should be protected from the elements.
3) A minimum of 1 m (3 ft) clearance should be provided in front of control panel access doors or
removable plates where wiring termination or similar work is required. Compliance with OSHA
electrical safety clearance criteria should be required for power supply panels.
i) If an enclosure/building is incorporated in the design, consider the following:
1) An overhead bridge crane for material handling. The required lift weight should be specified
based on the single heaviest component as reviewed with the manufacturer. After discussions
with the supplier and consideration for future expansion, clearance between the crane hook and
highest GIS component should be specified with consideration for the largest dimensioned piece
that will need to pass over the fully assembled GIS.
2) The user should specify auxiliary equipment needed including, but not limited to, emergency and
illumination lighting, heating and ventilation, ac and dc power panels, batteries, GIS protection
and control equipment locations, etc. A minimum of 1 m (3 ft) of working space should be
provided in front of equipment access points or doors.
3) Rolling doors for equipment deliveries should be provided with no interferences or obstructions
to equipment off-loads within 3 m, or 10 ft, of the opening.
4) Personnel access doors.
5) Insulating gas accumulation detection equipment in low spaces.
6) Security systems, fire and smoke detection should be specified.
7) Energy efficiency in the building design should be specified, e.g., use of translucent panels may
help minimize daytime lighting requirements, wall insulation thickness will reduce heating/
ventilation costs.

If the building is not in the GIS supplier’s scope of supply, the user should request input from the GIS supplier
for the building design and space requirements.

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8. GIS components detailed requirements

8.1 GIS bus and enclosures
The GIS enclosure shall comply with the requirements specified in IEEE Std C37.122.

The GIS enclosure should be divided into several compartments separated by gas-tight barrier insulators.
Each compartment should be provided with valves to allow isolation, evacuation, and refill of gas without
evacuation of any other section. Location of gas barrier insulators shall be clearly discernible outside the
enclosure by a band of distinct color normally used for safety purposes.

The components of the GIS shall be connected by a single/three-phase bus ducts. The enclosures shall be
connected by use of bolted and gasketed joints. The bus conductor shall be connected with plug-in contacts
with silver-plated contact surface. The GIB shall be capable of withstanding the mechanical and thermal
stresses due to the specified short-circuit currents, as well as thermal expansion and contraction created by
temperature cycling.

For small gas compartments where pressure rise may burst the enclosure, automatic pressure relief devices
shall be incorporated into the basic design of each gas compartment as a safety precaution against the bursting
of an enclosure. Pressure relief shall be by means of a bursting disc system with a predetermined opening
pressure. Deflection devices shall be installed to help ensure that personnel will not be endangered.

8.2 Circuit breakers

8.2.1 General

The GIS circuit breaker shall be gas insulated and meet all of the ratings as defined in IEEE Std C37.04™, and
as specified by the user. Application shall be made in accordance with the provisions of IEEE Std C37.010™,
IEEE Std C37.011™, IEEE Std C37.012™, and IEEE Std C37.015™ as applicable. IEEE Std C37.12
provides guidance for compiling specification of the circuit breaker and should be used to describe specific
user requirements in Annex A.

8.2.2 Auto-reclosing

If auto-reclosing is required, the circuit breakers shall be capable of tripping and reclosing according to the
user-specified duty cycle without derating.

The capacity of energy storage facilities that are an integral part of the circuit breaker shall have sufficient
stored energy capabilities for the specified duty cycle operation without replenishment of the energy system.

8.2.3 Tripping devices

A shunt trip coil, when used, shall be capable of tripping the circuit breaker when any voltage throughout the
control voltage range, as specified, is applied, even if the plunger of the shunt trip coil is raised so that it is in
contact with the trigger.

When dual trip coils are specified, the circuit breaker shall open within specified parameters when either or
both trip coils are energized. The user may specify separate electrical and/or magnetic circuit for dual trip coils.
The user may specify minimum and maximum levels of tripping current to assure certain electromechanical
relays will actuate. Their design and installation shall help ensure that a failure of one trip coil shall not affect
the operation of the other trip coil. The interrupting speed of the circuit breaker shall be independent of whether
one trip coil is energized or both are energized either simultaneously or sequentially.

For independent pole-operated circuit breakers, each trip coil circuit shall have its own pole disagreement
circuit which automatically trips all poles if one (or more) pole is in the closed position and the remaining

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

poles are open. Control circuitry shall be designed to prevent trip coil burnout if pole disagreement circuits fail
to trip a faulty circuit breaker pole.

When specified, an emergency trip device should be furnished with a safety system to prevent inadvertent
operation. The user may specify that the emergency trip device should either mechanically trip the circuit
breaker, electrically trip the circuit breaker, or a combination of the two.

WARNING
Users should be aware that these emergency trip devices may not have appropriate interlocks to prevent
operation under some conditions, such as operation below minimum functional pressure, etc.

8.2.4 Operating mechanism

Each circuit breaker shall be self-contained with its own operating mechanism(s), control circuits, and
auxiliary equipment.

The design of the operating mechanism shall be tested together with the circuit breaker interrupter(s) design
to help ensure positive opening of the circuit breaker and circuit interruption, whether the tripping impulse
is received in the fully closed or any partially closed position. Closing the circuit breaker into a standing trip
signal or opening the circuit breaker into a standing close signal shall not cause damage to the circuit breaker.
If the release or tripping circuit is completed through an auxiliary switch, electrical release or tripping will not
take place until such auxiliary switch is closed. The operating mechanism and apparatuses shall conform to
IEEE Std C37.11™. The mechanism shall be suitable for one of the control voltages listed in IEEE Std C37.04.

On outdoor circuit breakers, the housing containing the operating mechanism shall have an insect screen over
openings or vents, be weatherproof, rainproof, dust-tight, and gasketed. The user should specify the required
ingress protection as per NEMA/IP rating.

There shall be a means to prevent condensation and to maintain a satisfactory operating temperature within the
housing.

The operating mechanism shall comply with the functional requirements specified in IEEE Std C37.11.

When specified by the user, the circuit breaker shall be capable of independent pole operation. The circuit
breaker controls shall be wired to permit either three-pole or single-pole tripping and reclosing.

Operating mechanisms shall be complete with all control equipment. The only external requirements for
operation shall be the electrical supply.

8.2.5 Auxiliary switches

Each circuit breaker shall have the specified number of auxiliary switches all wired to terminal blocks located
in the circuit breaker bay’s LCC/marshalling cabinet for use by the user. Unless specified otherwise by the user,
auxiliary contacts shall be rated 10 A continuous and 2.5 A inductive interrupting at 125 V dc. The installation
of auxiliary relays to achieve the number of auxiliary contacts (contact multiplying) may not be acceptable for
user-defined critical circuits.

8.2.6 Operation counters

Each circuit breaker should be equipped with a non-resetting operation counter. If the poles are operated
independently, with individual operating mechanisms, each pole should be equipped with an operation
counter. The counter should preferably operate during the opening operation of the circuit breaker. Although

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

operation counters actuated by the mechanical movement of the circuit breaker mechanism are preferable, the
user may elect to request electrically actuated operation counters located in the LCC.

8.2.7 Closing resistors and controlled switching

Closing resistors, controlled switching, or other means for overvoltage mitigation shall be supplied when
specified by the user. System studies shall be used in order to determine the need and the appropriate solution.

8.2.8 Insulating parts

All parts of the insulation structures and materials including that between phases to ground and across the open
contacts shall be of an inherently stable nature such that, when subjected to dielectric stresses corresponding to
the circuit breaker’s rating, no tracking or other deterioration occurs over the design life of the circuit breaker.

8.2.9 Contact position indicator

A reliable, easily readable mechanical position indicator that meets the requirements of IEEE Std C37.04 shall
be furnished to indicate the open and closed positions of the circuit breaker.

8.2.10 Stored energy indicator

A reliable, easily readable stored energy indicator that meets the requirements of IEEE Std C37.04 shall be
furnished.

8.2.11 Timing and travel device

For circuit breaker designs adaptable to the application of a timing and travel device, provisions shall be made
for such a device and, when requested, mounting facilities shall be furnished in an easily accessible testing
area.

For circuit breaker designs not adaptable to the application of a timing and travel device, instructions for timing
of the circuit breaker shall be furnished, and when requested, any required devices on the circuit breaker for
such timing shall also be furnished.

8.3 Disconnect and grounding switches

8.3.1 User specifications

The user’s one-line diagram should show the locations where disconnect switches, maintenance ground
switches, and/or high-speed grounding switches will be required. Future locations should be taken into
consideration and allocated compartment planed accordingly. The user should specify any anticipated
duty condition for the ground switches, including the interrupting and/or closing duty for ground switches,
especially when connected to parallel transmission lines or similarly coupled systems. Refer to Clause 4 of
IEEE Std C37.122-2021 for ratings requirements. This duty cannot normally be performed with a standard
ground switch and may require a special design. The following operation modes should be specified for high-
speed grounding switches for special grounding applications:

— High speed for cable grounding

— Fault initiating
— Current-interrupting capability and recovery voltage for use with parallel transmission lines

The user should specify the expected disconnect switch operating capability in situations where a disconnect
switch can be operated with out-of-phase conditions, such as synchronizing generators or an inductive
potential transformer on the load side of the switch.

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8.3.2 Rating

Clause 4 of IEEE Std C37.122-2021 applies. Unless specified otherwise, the ampacity of the disconnect switch
shall be the same as that of the associated circuit breakers. Ampacity of the disconnects for line/transformer/
power cable/interfaces shall be as specified in Annex A and shown on the one-line diagram. Table 3 in 5.13 of
IEEE Std C37.122-2021 provides the standardized values of rated induced currents for high-speed grounding
switches.

8.3.3 General

All disconnects, and grounding switches including high-speed ground switches shall comply with the
requirements specified in 6.29 of IEEE Std C37.122-2021.

Disconnect and grounding switches shall be interlocked in accordance with the requirements of 7.2.1.

All main contacts shall either be silver plated or shall have silver inserts.

For motor-operated disconnect and grounding switches, the control should be electrically and/or mechanically
uncoupled from the drive shaft when the switch is operated manually to prevent coincident power operation of
the switch and the drive mechanism(s). The switch mechanisms shall be arranged for padlocking in both the
fully open and closed position.

8.3.4 Operating mechanisms

Disconnect switches and grounding switches, including high-speed grounding switches should be three-pole,
group-operated, or single-pole operated, no-load break, with one operating mechanism per three-pole or one
operating mechanism per single-pole position as specified in the Annex A. The user should specify manual
or motor operation. Operating mechanisms are to be provided with position indication that may be color-
coded, or the position may be spelled out or the indicators may use color-coded word or symbol in a specific
background color (e.g., white color word or symbol in green background color for open position and white
color word or symbol in red background color for closed position).

Disconnect and grounding switches shall have facilities for emergency manual operation using the supplied
handles or hand cranks.

Each disconnect and ground switch should open or close only due to manual- or motor-driven operation. The
switch blade should not move due to gravity or seismic event or other causes, even if a part fails, or is removed.
Once initiated electrically, the motor mechanism should complete an open or close operation even though the
electrical signal is removed before the operation is completed. Once initiated manually, the mechanism should
complete an open or close operation before the manual operation handle can be removed.

Each disconnect switch and grounding switch should be furnished with the specified number of electrically
independent auxiliary switches. The auxiliary switch contacts shall indicate that the main contacts are in the
proper position of the switch blades and should be provided so that the contacts can be adjusted to be fully
engaged and in proper alignment when in the closed position. User should specify the number of a and b
contacts.

Each manual-operating mechanism and each motor-operating mechanism should be housed in a weatherproof
enclosure. Each enclosure should have a hinged door and a handle with a latch that can be padlocked by the
user. Each enclosure should be rainproof and gasketed. Gaskets should be permanent and maintenance-free.

8.3.5 Visual verification

Visual verification should be provided for each pole of each disconnect switch and grounding switch to permit
visual inspection of each switch position.

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View ports shall be provided to view each pole of the switch such that the correct position can be determined
with a visible gap. External mechanically connected semaphores shall also be provided showing either open or
close position. View ports shall be arranged so that a portable light source can be injected to allow for viewing
of the contact position. External position indicators should also be provided. Inspection viewports should
have removable covers to prevent damage of the actual port due to the elements or from abrasive action while
cleaning the port for viewing. View ports should be properly sealed and raised, not recessed.

Position indication with portable or permanent monitor verification using cameras are acceptable alternative
to naked eye verification. Combined camera and light units to be plugged into view ports. Light-emitting
diodes (LED) with high brightness for illumination of gas compartments shall be used. Each permanent
camera mounted on the GIS viewports shall be easily removable.

8.3.6 Access

Access via platforms, walkways, or other agreed means should be provided to each disconnect-switch and
grounding-switch housing, operating mechanism and viewport(s) for operations and maintenance personnel.
The supplier should provide 3-D arrangement drawings to show the location of equipment and access to it.

8.3.7 Low-voltage test provision

A low-voltage test provision shall be supplied with each grounding switch to permit test voltages of up to
10 kV (optional 2 kV) and up to 200 A to be applied to the conductor without removing insulating gas from the
enclosure and without disassembling the enclosure except for ground shunt leads.

8.4 Gas system

8.4.1 Insulating gasses

Historically, there has been only one type of insulating gas used in GIS which has been SF6. Due to its high
Global Warming Potential (GWP) of approximately 25 000, there have been introductions into other insulating
gasses. Due to the multitude of alternative gasses being introduced, they are all classified as alternative gas,
and have different requirements than SF6.

8.4.1.1 SF6 gas

The GIS shall be furnished, if so specified, with sufficient new SF6 gas to pressurize the complete system to the
rated nominal density. Any excess SF6 gas shall lawfully be removed from the jobsite by the supplier.

The SF6 gas should conform to ASTM D2472, or technical grade gas per IEC 60376. Recycled SF6 gas that
conforms to specifications mutually agreed upon by the user and the equipment supplier, such as IEC 60480,
may also be used.

8.4.1.2 Alternative gas

The GIS shall be furnished, if so specified, with sufficient insulating gas to pressurize the complete system in
a sequential approach, one zone or compartment at a time, to the rated nominal density. An additional quantity
of gas should be furnished as specified.

The insulating gas should conform to manufacture’s specifications as specified in the design test documents.

The supplier should provide guidelines or recommended practices for the reuse or recycling of the insulating
gas removed from the equipment.

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

8.4.2 Gas schematic diagram

A gas schematic diagram should be submitted for approval. It should include the necessary valves, connections,
density monitors, gas monitor system and controls, and location of gas partitions.

If calibration of insulating gas density monitors without de-energizing the equipment is required, provisions
shall be shown on the diagram.

8.4.3 External fixtures and connections

Provisions shall be made for connecting the gas density monitor, pressure gauge, gas service cart, and gas
quality (moisture, purity, decomposition) test equipment to each gas compartment. The location should be
easily accessible by the user. The external fixtures and connections should be made of corrosion resistant
material and should be capped where required.

8.4.4 Gas monitoring zones

An insulating gas system proposed on a gas schematic diagram should be submitted with the proposal. The
number of gas zones should be optimized based on the user configuration and service continuity requirements.
The GIS gas enclosures should be divided into several gas zones separated by gas-tight barrier insulators
(partitions). Each zone should be provided with necessary valves to allow evacuation and refill of gas
without evacuation of any other compartment. Each gas compartment shall be independent from all other
gas compartments. To reduce the probability of leaks, gas piping is not preferred. For single-phase bus
construction, single-phase gas pressure and density monitoring should be specified.

For the purpose of gas monitoring and maintenance, the GIS should, as a minimum, be divided into the
following individual monitored gas zones:

— Each power circuit breaker

— Each voltage transformer
— Each gas insulated surge arrester
— Additional zones as mutually agreed upon by the user and the supplier main bus runs

The user should consider creating a limitation to the maximum volume (or weight) of insulating gas in a
compartment, based on available gas service cart or on-site gas storage capabilities. This may be the full
insulating gas quantity of any one compartment plus half the quantity of the adjacent compartments. In order
to minimize gas handling time and volume, a separate gas zone may be required for the following devices:

— Cable terminations
— Transformer terminations
— Insulating gas-to-air bushings
— Removable links

For applications where a long section of GIS bus is routed from inside a heated/conditioned enclosure to a
location outside subject to ambient temperatures, consider dividing the bus into two gas density zones, one for
the section inside the enclosure and one for the section outside enclosure.

8.4.5 Gas density monitors

Each gas compartment/zone shall be furnished with a continuous insulating gas monitoring system consisting
of a gas density monitor. The gas density monitor shall be temperature compensated and provide two

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electrically independent contacts which operate two stages of alarms. The density monitor display may display
colors for each alarm stage (i.e., yellow and red). The alarm stages shall be as follows:

a) Low insulating gas alarm: Refill density—at a gas density normally 5% to 10% below the nominal fill
density.
b) Low, low gas alarm: Minimum gas density (minimum functional pressure/density)—required to
achieve equipment ratings.

In special cases as determined by the user, a third stage with a set of contacts may be necessary in certain areas.

If the gas density monitor is equipped with an insulating gas pressure scale, it shall indicate in psig readings.
This scale may be temperature-compensated and indicate absolute or relative values as agreed upon by user
and supplier.

The user could also explore the possibility of an online gas monitoring and/or trending system, which
facilitates early detection of gas leaks.

The supplier shall indicate if sun shields and/or insulated covers are necessary to be installed over the outdoor
mounted gas density monitors.

8.4.6 Leakage rate

The leakage rate shall be as per IEEE Std C37.122. It should be noted that some states in the US may mandate
lower leakage rate.

8.5 Insulating gas-to-air bushings

Bushings shall conform to the requirements of IEEE Std C37.017.

Insulating gas-to-air bushings, for connections between the GIS and overhead lines or conventional air-
insulated equipment, shall be furnished where specified. Bushing location and orientation shall be determined
with respect to the design connection interface.

At a minimum, coordination between the supplier and user should be performed to determine the following:

a) Insulator material (composite, porcelain)

b) Bushing color
c) Rated system voltage
d) BIL rating
e) Terminal pad specifications suitable for the specified continuous current rating
f) Physical characteristics

The creepage distance over the external surface of outdoor bushings shall conform to the requirements of
IEEE Std C37.100.1 for the user-specified service conditions but shall not be less than 20 mm/kV of maximum
line-line voltage.

The bushings shall be provided with proper terminal pads. Mechanical forces on bushing terminals shall be
capable of withstanding a cantilever force applied to the terminal of at least 3000 N. For corona protection at
high voltages, external shields should be placed at the terminal location of the bushing.

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

Each bushing (or group of bushings for three-phase equipment) shall be located within its own independent
gas zone unless specified otherwise. The gas pressure in the bushing zone should preferably be the same as the
remaining portions of the GIS. In certain cases, it may be beneficial to have the bushings in their own gas zone
to facilitate a reduction of pressure when connecting the bushing to the overhead line. This would reduce the
amount of gas handling required to perform this task.

8.6 Cable connections

If required, insulating gas enclosures for cable terminations should be provided for connecting high voltage
power cable to the GIS as shown on the one-line diagram.

Insulating gas to cable interfaces (or cable end units) at GIS terminals may be positioned horizontally or
vertically and are defined on the station layout and sections. All cable end units shall be suitable for connecting
to the specified size and type of solid dielectric or pipe type (i.e., fluid-filled or gas-filled) cable with maximum
continuous voltage/current, impulse withstand, and short-circuit ratings to match the corresponding GIS
terminal.

The design of the GIS cable end units and scope of responsibilities shall fully comply with the latest IEEE or
IEC standards. The high-voltage power cable will be supplied by others. The size and type of the cable being
supplied is as specified in the Annex A.

Any cable end unit that is defined as future and will not have high voltage cables/termination present at the
time of energization, shall be provided with a dead-end or dummy-type plug to maintain proper insulation in
absence of the final cable termination.

The insulating gas cable end unit and connection support structure should be equipped with provisions for
isolating the cable sheath or pipe to permit cathodic protection of the cable system (see IEC 62271-209 and
IEEE Std 1300).

To help ensure the effectiveness of the corrosion-protection in handling power frequency fault current within
the GIS, the user and the supplier should coordinate placement, ratings, and testing of corrosion protection
installation.

The cable end module should be designed and constructed so that high-voltage ac/dc testing of the installed
power cable and the high-voltage ac testing of the installed GIS can be performed on site. Removable bolted
links, disconnect switches, or similar connections may be required. The design of the link and connections
should help ensure that when removed, the resulting gap can withstand the impulse and power frequency test
voltages applicable to the GIS and the cable high-voltage ac/dc test voltage. If necessary, it may be required
to connect a test bushing. The test bushing should be equipped with a removable link to permit separate cable
and GIS high-voltage tests. In case plug-in terminations are used, power cables are to be unplugged from GIS
for high-voltage testing of GIS/cable because the disconnecting link option may not be possible. The actual
testing method needs to be mutually agreed.

8.7 Transformer connections

If required, the GIS may be connected to the transformer or reactor with GIB. Consideration will need to
be given to routing, support, and thermal expansion/contraction of the GIB. Additionally, the transformer
or reactor connection side should have a removable cover and removable bus link(s) or disconnect switch to
permit disconnecting the transformer from the bus for testing of the bus or transformer separately. Specific
technical requirements such as vibration transmission, flange design, and location of the insulated junction
may be referred to in IEC 62271-211. The responsibility for the coordination of the gas-insulated connection
to the transformer and the factory testing of the GIS and the transformer should be agreed upon between the
user, the GIS manufacturer, and the transformer manufacturer.

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

Enclosure adapters may be required to connect the insulating gas bus directly to the insulating gas-to-oil
transformer bushing, bolting directly to a flange on the bushing, and totally enclosing the insulator and live
parts in the insulating gas environment. The adaptor should have a removable cover and removable bus link to
permit disconnecting the transformer from the bus, testing of the bus or transformer separately, and removal of
the transformer if required.

The bus enclosure should be insulated from the transformer tank to minimize circulating currents through the
transformer tank. The bus connecting the transformer to the GIS may also contain a bellows assembly and
flexible conductor connection to minimize vibration transfer from the transformer. Alternatively, a flexible
element may be provided on the transformer side of the insulating gas-to-oil bushing. To permit alignment of
the bus and the bushing, the user should assign responsibility to the GIS supplier to coordinate the designs of
the interface.

Where specified, transformers shall be connected to the GIS outgoing GIB using completely enclosed adapters
to transition from the GIS insulating gas to the transformer’s insulating medium. The design of the transformer
bushing housing shall fully comply with IEC 62271-211. The adaptor shall have a removable bus link to
permit electrical disconnection of the transformer from the bus, testing of the bus or transformer separately,
and removal of the transformer if required.

8.8 Current transformers

Each current transformer shall meet the applicable requirements in IEEE Std C57.13™. Users should specify
current transformer arrangements, designations, turns-ratio(s), and accuracy class. Each current transformer
should be provided so that the enclosure current does not affect the accuracy or the ratio of the device or the
conductor current being measured. Provisions shall be made to prevent arcing across the enclosure insulation.

Current transformer secondaries shall be terminated to shorting terminal blocks. Each current transformer
should be constructed in such a way that the following parameters can be tested from the LCC from externally
connected equipment supplied by user without the removal of insulating gas and without disassembling any
GIS components, except for ground shunt leads:

a) Ratio tests
b) Insulation tests
c) Saturation tests (accuracy and secondary excitation characteristics)
d) Polarity tests
e) Resistance measurements on secondary winding and secondary leads

The number and position of the current transformers, relative to the circuit breakers and switches, shall be as
shown in the single line diagram provided with the Annex A.

CT rating and diagram plates shall be provided. The information to be supplied on each plate shall be as
specified in the IEEE Std C57.13. Thermal ratings factor shall be as specified in the Annex A.

8.9 Voltage transformers

8.9.1 General

Each voltage transformer shall meet the applicable requirements in IEEE Std C57.13. The number and position
of the voltage transformers shall be as shown in the one-line diagram provided in Annex A. The ratings of the
voltage transformers should be specified in the one-line diagram in Annex A.

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

Voltage transformers should be connected to the remainder of the GIS by either plug-in construction, a
disconnect-link, or a disconnect switch, and be attached to the gas-insulated system in such a manner that they
can be easily disconnected while the system is being dielectrically tested. Alternately, a voltage transformer
designed to withstand the ac withstand testing may be provided so that disconnection is not necessary. The
metal housing of the transformer should be connected to the metal enclosure of the GIS with a flanged, bolted,
and gasketed joint so that the transformer housing is grounded to the GIS enclosure.

Primary and secondary terminals should have permanent markings for identification of polarity, in accordance
with IEEE Std C57.13.

Voltage transformer secondaries shall be terminated to terminal blocks located in the LCCs.

Voltage transformer rating and name plate diagrams shall be provided. The information to be supplied on
each nameplate shall be as specified in the relevant IEEE specification. Each tap ratio shall be shown on the
nameplate, along with a diagram indicating the VT polarities. Thermal ratings and burdens shall be coordinated
with the protection system.

Each voltage transformer should be dry-type, encapsulated, or gas insulated, and should have the following
information specified:

a) Number of secondary windings

b) Number of taps in each secondary winding
c) Rated primary voltage and ratio
d) Frequency (in Hertz)
e) Accuracy class and burden rating per IEEE Std C57.13-2008
f) Thermal rating of each secondary winding
g) Thermal rating of primary winding

8.9.2 Covers and shields

If the VT must be removed for field withstand testing, covers and any necessary conductor shields should be
provided to enable the GIS to be completely pressurized and tested at the ac withstand voltage.

8.9.3 Primary and secondary terminals

Primary and secondary terminals should have permanent markings for identification of polarity, in accordance
with IEEE Std C57.13.

8.9.4 Ferroresonance mitigation

Each voltage transformer should be fabricated to mitigate the possibility of ferro resonance during operation.
If damping equipment connected to a secondary winding is necessary to mitigate ferro resonant effects, it is
preferred that such damping equipment be mounted in the voltage transformer secondary wiring junction box
on the voltage transformer.

8.10 Metal-enclosed surge arresters

Specifications should define the appropriate MCOV ratings for the surge arresters. IEEE Std C62.11™ may
be used as a reference. Arresters should be of either the plug-in construction or the disconnect-link type and be
attached to the gas-insulated system in such a manner that they can be readily disconnected from the system

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

while the system is being dielectrically tested. The metal housing of the arrester should be connected to the
metal enclosure of the GIS with a flanged, bolted joint.

The ground connection should be sized for the fault level of the GIS. It should be insulated from the GIS
enclosure and grounded externally to permit periodic maintenance and monitoring of the leakage current.

If the arresters are not equipped with removable links, special covers and any necessary corona shields should
be supplied so that the system can be pressurized and dielectrically tested after removal of the arrester.

Access to the arrester ground connection, when it is provided with means for leakage current monitoring,
should not be obstructed.

The surge arresters shall be of the gas insulated metal oxide and gapless type. The metal housing of the arrester
shall be connected to the metal enclosure of the GIS with a flanged, bolted, and gasketed joint so that the
arrester housing is grounded through the GIS enclosure.

The surge arresters shall be capable of draining the dynamic currents repeatedly caused by impulse waves
generated by switching. When specified by the user, one operating counter shall be provided for each pole of
the arresters and shall be located at a position convenient for inspection. The operating counter shall record the
number of discharges of the arrester.

The design data of the surge or lightning arresters shall be rated according to the system’s insulation
coordination study.

8.11 Capacitive voltage couplers

8.11.1 Coupling capacitive voltage transformers

Coupling capacitive voltage transformers (CCVTs) are air-insulated substation (AIS) instrument transformers
that are used on transmission lines and substation bus sections. These devices offer a very economic option
over potential transformers for voltage sensing. In summary, these devices transform the system voltage to a
reasonable voltage level for the protection and control systems.

A consideration for the GIS is utilizing CCVTs for the application of overhead transmission line voltage
sensing. This method would reduce the need for additional potential transformers. Additionally, a CCVT could
possibly be installed and mounted on the same structure the GIS air entrance bushing is using.

Another benefit of using CCVTs is assisting the GIS circuit breaker interrupting short line faults. Some
circuit breaker providers require additional capacitance to manage short line faults. It may benefit the GIS
design using CCVTs. It would be recommended to inquire with the circuit breaker provider and confirm the
capacitance value and distance to the circuit breaker from the CCVT.

8.11.2 Partial discharge capacitive voltage couplers

Suitable capacitive voltage couplers can be furnished to provide for specialized measurements, such as ultra
high-frequency partial discharge and diagnostic monitoring. There are typically three different mounting
configurations for these couplers: internal, located externally on insulators, or at view ports.

The location and frequency of couplers is based on the physical configuration of the bus, since insulators,
elbows, and tees will attenuate the partial discharge signal.

Capacitive voltage couplers designed for partial discharge measurements do not normally have to be
disconnected from the equipment during high potential testing.

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

A voltage test instrument may be specified for indicating the presence of voltage on the conductor system.

This is accomplished by measuring capacitive charge on a ground electrode. If this feature is desired,
specification should include the following phrase: “Provisions for the attachment of a voltage instrument.”

8.12 Local control, bay controllers, or marshalling cabinets

8.12.1 General guidelines

GIS equipment by design with its compact approach does not allow the user many options in terms of the
components (switches, terminal blocks, and indicating lights) selected for use within the equipment. The
exception is the LCC, bay controller (BC) or marshalling box (MB), which is the generally accepted point
of interface between the user and GIS equipment. The user has the option to install control or monitoring
equipment within the cabinet or simply use the enclosure as a wiring marshalling point. As an example, many
users design their switchyard facilities with the equipment control panels in close proximity to the protective
relay panels. In that case, disconnect and ground switch controls may not be necessary in the LCC and the
cabinet would be used primarily for wiring terminations with possibly a push button control for circuit breaker
maintenance purposes. Indicating lights may also be provided on a mimic board within the LCC to assist
operations personnel. In the event the LCC is located some distance from the control house or protective relay
installation, operating switches could be installed to minimize the travel distance of the operators.

The LCC also provides the user an opportunity to require switches, terminal blocks, heaters, lighting,
convenience receptacles to be installed that are in compliance with the user’s standards. It is important to most
users to provide a consistent representation of the substation or switchyard controls to the operators whether
the individuals are located in a GIS or a conventional AIS facility.

As a guideline, the dispatch, operations, and maintenance groups should discuss and agree upon the LCC or
MB design. Some items to consider are as follows:

a) Where is the primary control point (at a remote dispatch location, in a control house or at the LCC)?
b) If the control will be remote and standard controls are provided locally in the control house, are
redundant controls needed in the LCC?
c) How will the circuit breaker be operated for standard de-energized maintenance tests (e.g., travel and
timing tests)? Most manufacturers provide a push button operator at the circuit breaker.
d) Will the LCC or MB be a central point for gas or equipment malfunction alarms? One option is to
install a PLC that can collect all the alarm points for transmittal to a central processor in the control
house where remote alarms signals can be sent and an HMI located. The historical approach is to
install standard user-specified annunciators within the LCC.
e) Will the cabinets be installed indoors where standard NEMA 12 cabinets can be used or outdoors in
corrosive atmospheres (refineries, fossil power plants, seaside) where a NEMA 4X may be better
suited?
f) How many LCC/MBs are needed? Generally, one cabinet per bay is satisfactory with bus and exit runs
included in the circuit breaker LCC/MB.
NOTE—Each LCC/MB should be provided with a gas zone diagram designating the equipment and bus within
its zone and the interfaces to adjacent zones.

g) Where will the LCC’s/MBs be manufactured? It is generally not necessary to manufacture the cabinets
at the point of the GIS equipment manufacture. This is particularly true for GIS assembled overseas.
LCCs and MBs, while still the responsibility of the GIS manufacturer, could be produced at local
panel shops with experience fabricating cabinets to the user’s specifications.

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

h) How will the control wiring be run from the GIS equipment to the control house? LCCs/MBs can be
provided with top, side, or bottom entry. There should be sufficient space and spare capacity within a
design so the wiring can be grouped and routed to the GIS or to the control house. In addition, the user
should specify if a separation of protection circuits is required by a governing body such as NERC or
its regional affiliates.

8.12.2 LCC/MB devices checklist

LCC or MB cabinets may include any of the following equipment based upon the user requirements:

a) One control switch and remote selector switch for each three-phase circuit breaker.
b) One open-close control switch and one remote selector switch for each motor-operated disconnect and
grounding switch.
c) Dedicated indicating lights, typically multi-pole LED are used for circuit indication. Red LEDs are
used to monitor each trip coil circuit or mechanical semaphore device and green LEDs are used for
each close coil circuit on the circuit breakers, Pole disagreement indicating lights are also used. Each
disconnect and grounding switch can be provided with an open close (red/green) contact position
indication.
d) Arranging the lights and switches on a mimic diagram will assist the operator to quickly determine the
equipment status.
e) The mimic diagram should include a one-line diagram identifying the primary equipment and GIS
external connections, gas zones may also be shown or provided on a separate nameplate. Mimic
panels to be durable and maintain the information without fading, cracking, or otherwise deforming
the information for the life of the GIS. The mimic diagram shall match the physical equipment layout,
i.e., if the switch is physically on the right, the mimic should also show that switch on the right.
f) A PLC or annunciator panel with toggle switches to consolidate alarm and equipment malfunction
indications with remote communications or retransmit contacts.
g) Terminal blocks and terminations for each gas density monitor, interlock circuits, remote interfaces
(protective relays), alarms and instrument transformers.
h) A minimum of 10% or user specified spare terminal blocks should be provided.
i) Required circuit protection devices including low-voltage circuit breakers and fuses.
j) Knife switches for a visible point of disconnect on dc circuits.
k) Convenience power receptacle (GFI rated) and cabinet lighting.
l) Cabinet heaters.

8.12.3 LCC/MB cabinet specifications

All GIS conventional control/BC functions shall be designed for a safe and reliable operation. The following
are the generally accepted functions required on each LCC.

a) Local GIS bay interface, control, permissive interlocking, and supervision wiring and devices.
b) Acquisition of digital and/or analog control and alarm signals for the respective bay.
c) Alarm indication, communications, and transmittal for the respective bay.
d) Display or transmittal of measured and processed analog values for the respective bay including
device position status.

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e) Each LCC shall contain the local control and indication devices for the associated gas insulated circuit
breakers, disconnect-grounding switches, etc. The LCC shall also be a marshalling or junction point
for all protection, control, alarm, indication, and power supply circuits from the associated GIS circuit
breakers, disconnect-grounding switches, fast-acting ground switches, gas monitoring, alarm, and
protection systems.
f) Other application or design considerations are as follows:
1) The LCC/MBs shall be provided with lifting lugs designed to support the entire assembled
weight of the unit.
2) The LCC/MBs shall be designed to meet the user’s grounding requirements.
3) The doors shall be provided with padlock provisions to accept the user’s standard access doors
lock-system and shall be easily removable from their hinges; and shall include a frame or pocket
on the inside face, for the storage of folded drawings.
4) As approved by the user, LCC/MBs shall be provided with a window that allows a complete view
of the annunciator and mimic diagram when the LCC door is closed. If the LCCs are located
outdoors in a vandalism prone area, consider solid front cabinet doors. Otherwise, it may be
advantageous to have a clear plastic window in the door so operators can determine the equipment
status quickly from the mimic board without opening the door.
5) For outdoor LCC/MBs, a sloped roof and drip shield shall be provided to reduce the possibility of
water entering the LCC when the door is open.
6) The LCC/MB shall be adequately vented with screened openings and provided with dust filters
(if required).
7) The LCC/MBs shall be installed in accordance with the user’s requirements and mounted
adjacent to the GIS (preferred), or directly next to GIS in an access aisle. The location varies with
GIS rating, manufacturer, and layout. Typically, for LCC/MBs located in an access aisle, a ±2.5
m (± 8 ft) access aisle is recommended to be specified from the LCC to closest building column
for an indoor GIS to allow ample space for personnel access and movement of a gas cart.
8) If the LCC will be located in a flood plain or coastal region, it may be advisable dependent on the
practicality, to install the panels on stands or an elevated platform. Coastal areas subject to
hurricanes or typhoons may be particularly vulnerable to water infiltration. Users may want to
investigate if cable bottom entry into the LCC is appropriate and evaluate the effectiveness of
water seals based on the expected hydraulic pressures and potential flows.
NOTE—The user’s operations and maintenance requirements should define the actual functions
incorporated in the final design.

8.12.4 Wiring

All connections between the LCC/MBs and the respective GIS bays shall be either by prefabricated multi-core
cables or fiber optics, where possible or specified. Voltage transformers (VTs) and current transformers (CTs)
shall be hard-wired. Internal wiring shall use copper conductors, AWG 14 (1.5 mm2) minimum. For CTs and
VTs, the wire size shall be AWG 10 (4 mm2). All cables shall be shielded and adequate for their application.

8.12.5 Cabinet ratings

The panels shall also be dust and vermin proof and carry a NEMA 12 rating as a minimum. Special attention
shall be drawn to the surge protection and the electromagnetic compatibility of the design. Preventive measures
should be taken to avoid any disturbance caused by electromagnetic interference (EMI).

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8.12.6 Bay controller units (BCU)

Based on GIS manufacturer’s typical design for rating class specified, BC units (BCUs) shall be based on
microprocessor technology and real-time operation system. The substation control system shall have one
BCU per GIS bay. The BCU system performs all bay-related functions, such as command sequences, bay
switch controls and interlocking, data acquisition, signal processing, and command outputs for different GIS
functions of the corresponding bays. Protection may also be enabled from the BCU if specified.

The BCUs shall be mounted clearly visible in the LCC at a convenient height above ground to be operated.

8.12.7 LCC/MB cabling

The LCCs shall be completely fabricated, wired, assembled, and tested at a panel shop mutually agreed
between the user and manufacturer. All wiring shall be arranged according to the approved GIS schematics.
All wiring shall be complete and connected to the internal side of the terminal blocks.

All control cable connections between the LCC and circuit breakers, disconnect-grounding switches, etc.,
shall be made with either shielded control cables with field installed and terminated ring tongue or other user
approved terminals; or prefabricated cables with heavy duty multi-point plug-in connections on either one
end (GIS side) or both ends (GIS and LCC). All instrument transformer connections shall be hard-wired to
terminal blocks via ring lug-type connections or other user-specified terminal type.

8.13 Nameplates
Nameplates of the GIS and the GIS components shall be supplied as specified in IEEE Std C37.122.

A gas schematic one-line diagram illustrating all circuit breakers, disconnect switches, grounding switches,
high-voltage terminals, and potential transformers, as well as the gas compartments with their appropriate
identification numbers, should be furnished. Since it is generally considered difficult to visualize the GIS, it is
frequently advantageous to permanently post the gas schematic one-line diagram in one or more appropriate
places in the vicinity of the GIS. Also shown shall be the GIS nomenclature, a legend, manufacturer’s type,
serial number, and year of manufacture.

GIS nameplates shall show the following in accordance with IEEE Std C37.122:

a) Maximum ambient temperature

b) System frequency
c) Maximum continuous voltage
d) Maximum continuous current at 40 °C (104 °F), and specified maximum ambient temperatures
e) Basic impulse level
f) Power frequency one-minute voltage
g) Short-circuit current, symmetrical
h) Short-time current, symmetrical
i) Momentary current, peak
j) Insulating gas type
k) Total weight of gas at rated density
l) Rated gas pressure at 20 °C (68 °F)
m) Maximum operation pressure at 20 °C (68 °F)

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

n) Minimum insulation gas pressure at 20 °C (68 °F)

o) Opening pressure of the bursting disc
p) Recommended moisture limits of insulation gas (PPMV)
q) Auxiliary voltages
r) Contract/Order numbers
s) Date of manufacture
t) Total weight of the equipment

Equipment nameplates containing rating information and serial numbers for all HV modules (circuit breakers,
disconnect-grounding switches, etc.) shall be provided.

8.14 Documentation
The supplier contractor shall prepare and submit to the user approval drawings, details, and calculations that
show the GIS design in order for the user to verify the equipment conforms to the specifications agreed upon.
The project schedule shall allow the user a minimum of two (2) weeks to review and approve each design
submittal. The design documents to be sent for review are as follows:

a) Project specific parameters

b) One-line diagram
c) Gas schematic diagram (identifying gas zones)
d) General arrangement layout and sections
e) Foundation loading plan and details
f) Seismic evaluation
g) Grounding plan and details
h) Cable termination, insulating gas-to-air bushings, or other interface details
i) Rating plate nameplate drawings
j) Type test reports
k) Routine production test reports
l) Factory acceptance test plan
m) Commissioning plan
n) Operation and maintenance guidelines for the GIS
o) Training program

9. Tests
9.1 Design tests (type tests)
All design tests on the GIS and GIS components shall have been previously conducted as specified in
IEEE Std C37.122. Type tests shall verify that all components of the GIS perform satisfactorily, both
electrically and mechanically, at the ratings assigned. Reports of the type testing shall be submitted with the
proposal.

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

IEEE Std C37.122 specifies all necessary type tests related to GIS technology. This standard does not cover
all type tests related to specific components included in specific GIS project, like circuit breaker, instrument
transformers, bushings, etc. Additional type tests are specified in these corresponding component standards.

The following list gives the type tests that shall have been performed on GIS equipment or components. This
list is not exhaustive and has to be completed with specific component requirements on the project.

Basic tests are as follows:

— Dielectric tests (power frequency withstand voltage, switching impulse voltage when applicable,
lightning impulse voltage, partial discharge)
— Measurement of resistance test
— Temperature rise test
— Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current tests

Specific GIS tests are as follows:

— Proof test for enclosures (for enclosures that cannot be calculated)

— Pressure test on partitions
— Internal arc test or verification (when required)
— Thermal performance of insulators
— Tightness test for partitions
— Corrosion test on earthing connections
— Gas tightness test at low and high temperatures

Specific circuit breaker tests are as follows:

— Mechanical endurance test

— Low and high temperature test (depending on application)
— Terminal fault tests
— Short line fault tests (depending on application)
— Out of phase tests
— Capacitive tests (line, cable, capacitor bank, depending on application)
— Shunt reactor test (depending on application)

Specific tests for disconnecting switch and grounding switch are as follows:

— Mechanical endurance test

— Low and high temperature test (depending on application)
— Bus transfer current switching (depending on application)
— Induced current switching
— Bus charging current switching (depending on voltage level)

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

Specific tests on voltage transformers are as follows:

— Short-circuit withstand capability test

— Switching impulse voltage withstand test when applicable
— Lightning impulse voltage withstand test
— Verification of terminal markings
— Power frequency withstand test on primary windings
— Partial discharge measurement
— Power frequency withstand test on secondary windings
— Determination of errors (part of routine test)

Specific tests on current transformers are as follows:

— Temperature rise test

— Short-circuit withstand capability test
— Switching impulse voltage withstand test when applicable
— Power frequency withstand test on primary windings
— Determination of errors (part of routine test)

Specific tests on surge arresters are as follows:

— Dielectric test
— Residual voltage test
— Long duration current impulse withstand test
— Operating duty test
— Cooling curve test

Specific tests on insulating gas-to-air bushings (when applicable) are as follows:

— Dielectric tests
— Artificial pollution test (when required)
— Radio interference voltage test
— Temperature rise test
— Verification of thermal short-time current withstand
— Cantilever load withstand test
— Tightness test
— Internal pressure test
— Verification of dimensions

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

9.2 Routine production tests

Production tests shall be made either in the course of the GIS assembly, and/or on the complete shipping unit
assembly.

Test reports shall be supplied within the specified period after the tests have been finished. The following
production tests shall be performed at the factory on every unit following its manufacture:

a) Circuit breaker tests per IEEE Std C37.09™

b) Switch timing and resistance tests
c) Mechanical operation tests
d) Pressure tests on all individual enclosures and barrier insulators (partitions)
e) Gas leak tests of enclosure and barrier insulators, if applicable
f) Low-voltage wiring tests
g) Power frequency withstand voltage
h) Partial discharge test of insulators and/or shipping sections
i) Current transformer and voltage transformer tests
j) Functional tests on all control and indication circuits

9.3 Factory acceptance tests

In addition to the routine production tests described previously, the following inspection tests are required on
one representative bay. The following tests shall be performed in the presence of a representative of the user.

a) Visual check of the GIS and LCCs including dimensional check.

b) Verify the rating plates of GIS equipment according to the single line diagram.
c) Inspection tests at the LCCs shall be a repetition of the routine factory tests, as described previously,
performed on one selected cabinet.
d) Current transformer polarity check.
e) Power frequency voltage test of the main circuit.
f) Partial discharge measurement: This test may be carried out in connection with the power frequency
voltage test.
g) Measuring of the resistance of the main circuit.
h) Voltage withstand test on auxiliary and control circuits.
i) Mechanical operation and timing tests.
j) Leakage test with insulating gas at shipping unit (test on six selected samples of flange connections).
NOTE—These tests may incur extra charges.

9.4 Field tests

The following field tests should be performed as a minimum requirement:

a) Insulating gas leakage test

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

b) Insulating gas quality tests (moisture, purity, and density)

c) Circuit breaker, disconnect switch, and grounding switch operational tests from LCC and from
individual mechanism
d) Equipment interlocking tests
e) Electrical continuity tests on GIS grounding and bonding connections
f) Resistance measurements of the main current carrying circuits and ground switches
g) Current transformer testing
h) Low-frequency ac voltage withstand tests on high-voltage GIS circuits, including voltage transformers
up to the saturation voltage of the transformers (test on voltage transformers up to their saturation
voltage is not necessary if it has been performed in the factory)
i) Dielectric and continuity tests on field installed wiring
j) High voltage ac tests on power cables

If the GIS is equipped with partial discharge sensors to allow a partial discharge test during the field tests, then
a partial discharge test shall be conducted during the low frequency ac voltage withstand test.

10. Quality and shop inspections

The supplier shall fulfill the requirements of ISO 9001. The user reserves the right to send a representative to
the factory to examine the manufacturing process, the quality of the equipment, verify if the components and
applied material are in accordance with the specifications and the applicable standards, and take part in the
factory acceptance test according to the contract. These factory and shop inspections may include both GIS
and LCC suppliers. Supplier shall have an ISO 9001 certified quality assurance program covering quality
control and assurance measures. The ISO certified program shall be imposed by supplier on the work within
the scope of these specifications and upon sub-suppliers or subcontractors.

11. Packing, shipping, and storage

There is benefit is the GIS is shipped in the largest assembled piece as possible. Example being shipping
entire GIS bay as one unit that may include disconnect switches, current transformers, and the circuit breaker.
The higher the operating voltage the more challenging this becomes due to size and weight. Benefits include
faster assembly and fewer disturbed gas seals and fewer exposures to atmosphere. GIS assemblies should
be enclosed inside shipping wooded containers helping prevent damage. These containers must be properly
marked for assisting in staging for assembly.

Often it becomes a challenge to align the GIS delivery with the assembly on site. Project get delayed for a list
of reasons, and there may be need for long term storage of the GIS equipment. Most GIS suppliers require
additional steps be taken for long term storage. Long-term storage is often considered longer than six months.
A conversation with the supplier can clear up the time period and what is required. Examples may include
strong crates, indoor storage, installed pressure gauges, and routine visual inspections.

All GIS equipment shall be properly packed and protected during shipment. Each shipping unit, after passing
all specified production tests, shall be sealed in a clean dry condition with vapor barriers and securely crated
for shipment. All temporary GIS covers to be removed during installation shall be clearly marked. Each
shipping section shall be carefully sealed and filled with dry gas to a slightly positive pressure to prevent
the entrance of moisture and contamination. The supplier shall notify the user whether the shipping sections
contain insulating gas, nitrogen, or another type of dry gas.

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

The packing and shipment methods for the GIS equipment shall meet the supplier’s or international packing
standard for the shipment destination. Shipments should be made under freight terms, making any damages
during shipment the responsibility of the manufacturer and the transportation company(ies), and NOT the
purchaser or his receiving contractor. An example would be FOB job site under the US Uniform Commercial
Code.

Lift points, center of gravity, and areas not to be cut should be stenciled or affixed to the outside of the
containers.

Shipment in standard containers using minimal packing material is encouraged. The supplier shall supply
instructions for storage of the equipment on site and for long-term storage. The instructions shall outline
any special precautions required for adequate storage including identification of components required to be
stored indoors or in heated environments. Provisions should be made for temporary heat applied to operating
mechanisms. In addition, measures should be taken for rodent control in all containers during long-term
storage.

Because special conditions that may be required for long-term storage are easier to apply in the factory, the
supplier should be informed of such requirements before shipment.

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

Annex A
(normative)

GIS specific requirements

A.1 Requirements
The gas-insulated substation (GIS) equipment should be specified with detailed service condition requirements
and ratings. Table A.1 is an example service conditions and ratings table with the specified ratings that may be
used to provide to the manufacturer as part of the overall GIS specification.

Table A.1—Example service conditions and ratings table

Condition or rating Required value

General —
GIS location and address —
Desired in-service date —
GIS one-line diagram —
Site plan drawing (if available) —
GIS location (indoor/outdoor) —
Terminations Description of the GIS connections to the system; bus to
gas-to-air bushings and cable sealing ends are outdoors
Dimensional restrictions —

Service conditions —
Maximum ambient temperature —
Minimum ambient temperature —
Site elevation above mean sea level —
Site pollution class —
Basic wind speed —
Maximum ice coating —
IEEE Std 693™, Seismic qualification level Low/moderate/high
Special environment conditions and exposure —

GIS electrical ratings —

Rated maximum voltage XXX kV
Rated insulation level—basic impulse level (BIL) XXX kV/XXX kV minimum-peak value
(to ground/across the isolating distance)
Rated switching impulse level (SIL) XXX kV if applicable
Rated power frequency phase-to- XXX kV ac root mean square (rms)
ground withstand voltage
Rated frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz
Rated continuous current, main buses XXXX A (amperes)
Rated continuous current, interconnecting XXXX A (amperes)
buses and feeder bays
Rated short-time symmetrical withstand current XX kiloamperes (kA) rms
Rated withstand current XXX kA peak
Table continues

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

Table A.1—Example service conditions and ratings table (continued)

Condition or rating Required value
Rated duration of short circuit 1 s (minimum)
System grounding (effectively grounded/ungrounded)
System X/R X/R = XX

GIS physical surface and appearance —

Special GIS color —
Equipment Symbol Painted on GIS Yes/No
Color of Equipment Paint, if yes —
Support structures (galvanized/aluminum) —

Local control cabinets (LCC) —

Indoor or outdoor installation —
Operating voltage —
Heaters/Lights/GFI convenience —
Welding receptacle/disconnect —
Mimic panel/indicating and color —
Lights/controls —
Top/bottom or side cable entry —
Terminal blocks or cable —
Connectors —

AC station service requirements —

Nominal voltage XXX/XXX V ac
Number of phases/Number of wires —
Rated frequency 50 Hz; 60 Hz

Circuit breakers —
Rated maximum voltage XXX kV ac
Rated maximum interrupting time X cycles on a 60 Hz basis
Rated continuous current, all circuit breakers XXXX A
Rated short-circuit current XX kA rms
Rated closing and latching current XXX kA peak
Rated duty cycle —
Rated capacitive switching currents IEEE Std C37.04
Number of trip coils X
Special TRV requirements —
First pole to clear factor 1.3 or 1.5
Timing for enforced triple pole operation —
Controlled switching/Pre-insertion resistor (if required) —

Disconnect switches —
Rated continuous current, all disconnect switches XXXX A
Rated short-time withstand current XX kA
Table continues

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

Table A.1—Example service conditions and ratings table (continued)

Condition or rating Required value
Rated peak withstand current XXX kA
Rated duration of short circuit 1s
Mechanical endurance 1000/2000/10 000 operations

Grounding switches —
Rated short-time withstand current XX kA
Rated peak withstand current XXX kA
Rated short-circuit making current (high
speed ground switch only)a XXX kA a
Number of fault closing operations (high-
speed ground switch only) Two minimum, before inspection/contact replacementa
Operating mechanism Motor and/or manual
Rated duration of short circuit 1s
Mechanical endurance —

Current transformers —
Ratio, rated primary current Single- or multi-ratio XXXX A
Rated secondary current XA
Thermal rating factor per IEEE Std C37.13 X1.0, 2.0, 3.0, etc.
Relay accuracy class (IEEE Std C57.13) CXXX
Metering accuracy class —

Voltage transformers —
Application —
Rated primary voltage, line-to-ground XXX kV ac
Rated secondary voltages XXX V
Rated output XXX volt-amperes (VA) (minimum), each winding
Accuracy class —

Metal-enclosed surge arresters —

Type Metal oxide varistor (MOV), station class
Application —
Duty-cycle voltage rating XXX kV
Maximum continuous operating voltage (MCOV) rating XXX kV ac
Counter Yes/No

Insulating gas-to-air bushings —

Rated maximum system voltage XXX kV ac
Rated insulation level—BIL XXX kV (minimum)
Rated continuous current XXXX A
Minimum centerline phase-to-phase spacing XX feet (minimum), unless otherwise
noted on the drawings
Minimum external housing insulation creepage distance XXX inches (minimum)

Table continues

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

Table A.1—Example service conditions and ratings table (continued)

Condition or rating Required value
Insulating gas-to-cable connection —
Rated maximum system voltage XXX kV ac (minimum)
Rated insulation level—BIL XXX kV ac (minimum)
Rated continuous current XXXX A
Cable type HPFF, HPGF, LPOF, XLPE
Connection type Conventional, Plug-in

Insulating gas-to-transformer connection —

Rated maximum system voltage XXX kV ac (minimum)
Rated insulation level—BIL XXX kV (minimum)
Rated continuous current XXXX A
Circulating current isolation method —
a
The manufacturer should provide information with its proposal to help ensure the switch will perform in this service as
required. Provisions for blocking are required to help ensure that the switch blade will not move due to gravity or seismic
event or other causes, even if a part fails or is removed (see 8.3.4).

A.2 Summarized list of GIS equipment

The GIS shall consist of power circuit breakers, disconnect-grounding switches, fast-acting ground switches,
surge arresters, cable terminations, insulating gas-to-air bushings, insulating gas to oil connections, current
transformers, voltage transformers, LCCs, special tools, and insulating gas (for initial filling) as shown in the
single-line diagram (see Table A.2).

Table A.2—List of GIS equipment

Description Installation Spare
Gas insulated power circuit breakers QTY QTY
Disconnect switches QTY QTY
Disconnect grounding switches QTY QTY
High-speed ground switches QTY QTY
Surge arresters QTY QTY
Gas to air bushings QTY QTY
Gas to oil connections/links QTY QTY
Current transformers QTY QTY
Voltage transformers QTY QTY
Cable terminations (sealing ends) QTY QTY
Dummy plugs QTY QTY
Test plugs QTY QTY
LCCs QTY N/A
Insulating gas reclaimer (gas cart) QTY N/A
Gas density monitors for N/A QTY
circuit breakers
Gas density monitors for N/A QTY
other components
Bay controller N/A QTY

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

All fittings, accessories, apparatus that are not mentioned in this specification, but that are usual or necessary
for the satisfactory installation/operation of the GIS, shall be deemed to be included in this specification and
shall be provided by the supplier.

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

Annex B
(normative)

Typical proposal data for GIS requirements and services, to be

provided by the supplier with bid
B.1 Drawings
The proposal data listed in Table B.1 for drawings should be provided with the bid.

Table B.1—Drawings
Item description User requirements Supplier proposal
Time after notification of award — —
when the following drawings and
data will submitted (in weeks)
General arrangement drawings — —
Structural plan and details — —
Foundation loadings for all GIS — —
equipment and supporting structures
Physical detail drawings — —
(shipping unit)
Electrical schematic diagrams — —
Wiring diagrams — —
Gas schematic diagrams — —
Grounding arrangement — —
and ground bus details
Erection drawings — —
Dimensional tolerances, — —
X — —
Y — —
Z — —

B.2 Weights
The proposal data listed in Table B.2 for weights should be provided with the bid.

Table B.2—Weights
Description User requirements Supplier proposal
Weight of the heaviest piece of — —
equipment to be handled during
construction (name item)
— — —
— — —
— — —
— — —
— — —
— — —
Table continues

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

Table B.2—Weights (continued)

Description User requirements Supplier proposal
— — —
— — —
— — —
— — —
— — —
— — —

B.3 General technical data

The general technical data listed in Table B.3 should be provided with the bid.

Table B.3—General technical data

Description User requirements Supplier proposal
Rated service voltage (kV ac rms) — —
Maximum voltage (kV ac rms) — —
Minimum operating voltage (kV ac rms) — —
Rated frequency (Hz) — —
Rated continuous current Overall (A rms) — —
Rated continuous current Bus (A rms) — —
Rated continuous current — —
Line Terminal (A rms)
Rated short-circuit current (kA rms) — —
Short-time current and duration (kA, s) — —
Peak withstand current (close — —
and latch) (kA rms)
Withstand voltages: — —
Power frequency 1-phase to — —
ground (kV ac rms)
Rated full wave impulse level (kV BIL) — —
Switching impulse (kV SIL), if required — —
Maximum acceptable moisture level: — —
Circuit breaker (ppmV) a
— —
Compartments where arcing — —
is expected (ppmV) a
Compartments where arcing — —
is not expected (ppmV)a

ppmV = Parts per million per volume

a

B.4 Enclosure and conductor (for each rating)

The proposal data listed in Table B.4 for enclosures and conductors should be provided with the bid.

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

Table B.4—Enclosure and conductor (for each rating)

Description User requirements Supplier proposal
Inductance (H/m) — —
Capacitance (pF/m) — —
Resistance: — —
—Enclosure (Ω/m) — —
—Conductor (Ω/m) — —
Surge impedance (Ω) — —
Weight of gas for largest gas zone (kg) — —
Length of longest bus sections (m) — —
Bus enclosure data (for each rating) — —
Enclosure material type — —
Outside diameter (mm) — —
Wall thickness (mm) — —

B.5 Insulating gas system

The proposal data listed in Table B.5 for gas systems should be provided with the bid.

Table B.5—Insulating gas system

Description User requirements Supplier proposal
Total quantity of insulating — —
gas required with the
original equipment (kg)
Total quantity of insulating gas — —
required per segmented bus
section (total kg and kg/ft)
Total quantity of insulating gas — —
required per circuit breaker (kg)
Total quantity of insulating gas — —
required per disconnect switch (kg)
Total quantity of insulating — —
gas required per CT, surge
arrester, and VT (kg)
Total quantity of insulating — —
gas required per cable
connection, air bushing and
transformer connection (kg)
Guaranteed maximum insulating — —
gas leakage rate from the
complete GIS (%/yr)
Gas density monitoring — —
system supplier
Number of gas monitors required — —
Gas density transducer — —
supplier and type
Gas mixture composition with max/ — —
min tolerances of each component

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

B.6 Circuit breakers

The proposal data listed in Table B.6. for circuit breakers should be provided with the bid.

Table B.6—Circuit breakers

Description User requirements Supplier proposal
Voltage range factor — —
Rated maximum continuous voltage, — —
circuit breaker closed (kV)
Rated maximum continuous voltage, — —
circuit breaker opened (kV)
Full wave withstand voltage — —
(circuit breaker closed) (kV)
Full wave withstand (circuit — —
breaker opened) (kV)
Chopped wave withstand @ 2 μs (kV) — —
Chopped wave withstand @ 3 μs (kV) — —
Switching wave withstand wet — —
(circuit breaker closed) (kV)
Switching wave withstand — —
(circuit breaker open) (kV)
Low frequency phase-to-ground — —
withstand voltage (kV)
Rated continuous current (A rms) — —
Rated short-circuit current (kA rms) — —
Asymmetrical interrupting capability — —
at rated maximum voltage (kA, rms)
Rated short time current — —
and duration (A, s)
Rated peak withstand current — —
(closing and latching) (kA rms)
Rated interrupting time (ms) — —
Rated permissible tripping delay (s) — —
Rated capacitor switching — —
current (A rms)
Rated operating duty cycle — —
Type of operating mechanism — —
Number of trip coils — —
Circuit breaker operating time for — —
rated control voltage and gas pressure
Opening time from energizing of — —
trip coil to contact parting (ms)
TRV, and time to peak @T100 — —
TRV, and time to peak @T60 — —
TRV, and time to peak @T30 — —
TRV, and time to peak @T10 — —
Gas pressure at 20 °C (kPa) — —
Maximum foundation loading — —
during operation:
Horizontal (N) — —
Table continues

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IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

Table B.6—Circuit breakers (continued)

Description User requirements Supplier proposal
Vertical (N) — —
Motor capacity — —
Number and type — —
Power of each (W) — —
Voltage and number of Phase (V) — —
Current, start/run (A) — —
Control circuit — —
Rated dc control voltage (V) — —
Closing voltage range (V) — —
Maximum closing current (A) — —
Maximum tripping current — —
per trip coil (A)
Tripping voltage range (V) — —
Number of operations before the — —
circuit breaker must be removed from
service for maintenance inspection.
No-load mechanical — —
Full load non-fault — —
Rated short-circuit current — —
Expected number of hours required — —
to perform a complete maintenance
inspection of one circuit breaker
(including gas handling time)
Maximum guaranteed noise — —
level, during operation, at
the LCC location (db)
Number of circuit breaker — —
operations without recharging
Number of full re-closing operations — —
without overheating the closing
resistors (specify the closing
duty for the thermal rating)

B.7 Disconnected switches

The proposal data listed in Table B.7 for disconnect switches should be provided with the bid.

Table B.7—Disconnected switches

Description User requirements Supplier proposals
Rated full-wave impulse — —
withstand voltage
Across the open gap (kV Peak) — —
Power frequency—1 min — —
withstand voltage
Across the open gap (kV rms) — —
Number of open-close operations — —
before inspection or servicing
Table continues

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

Table B.7—Disconnected switches (continued)

Description User requirements Supplier proposals
Maximum control voltage (V dc) — —
Minimum control voltage (V dc) — —
Motor Current, start/run (A) — —
Rated peak withstand — —
current (kA rms)
Short term withstand current (kA rms) — —
Maximum opening current — —
(A) at rated voltage
Maximum closing current (A) — —
Heater power per three — —
(3) pole switch (W)
Main current carrying — —
contact material
Base material and specification — —
Contact insert material — —
Plating material — —
Control data for operating mechanism — —
Operating time (s) — —

B.8 Grounding-switches including fast acting (high-speed)

The proposal data listed in Table B.8 for grounding switches should be provided with the bid.

Table B.8—Grounding switches fast acting (high speed)

Description User requirements Supplier proposal
Rated maximum opening — —
current (kA at rated voltage)
Rated peak withstand current — —
(close and latch) (kA rms)
Rated short term withstand — —
current (kA rms)
Rated short-circuit — —
making current (kA)
Number of open-close — —
operations before internal visual
inspection or servicing
Grounding switch interrupting — —
capacity (kA at rated voltage):
Inductive
Capacitive
Related voltage to be stated
Number of fault making — —
operations before maintenance

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

B.9 Voltage transformers

The proposal data listed in Table B.9 for voltage transformers should be provided with the bid.

Table B.9—Voltage transformers

Description User requirements Supplier proposal
Type — —
Nominal voltage (kV) — —
Rated frequency (Hz) — —
BIL (kV) — —
Applied test voltage (kV rms) — —
Maximum Power frequency field test — —
voltage with VT connected (kV rms)
Ratio of high-voltage to — —
low-voltage windings
Thermal rating of each — —
secondary winding (VA)
Thermal rating of the — —
primary winding (VA)
IEEE Std C57.13 accuracy — —
classification
List of burdens for which the above — —
accuracy classifications apply
Table of current versus time — —
for back-feeding capacitive
current during GIS field tests
Number of secondary windings — —

B.10 Current transformers

The proposal data listed in Table B.10 for current transformers should be provided with the bid.

Table B.10—Current transformers

Description User requirements Supplier proposal
Type — —
Rated frequency (Hz) — —
BIL (kV) — —
Rated primary current — —
Rated secondary current — —
Relay accuracy class — —
Metering accuracy class — —
Thermal rating factor — —
Number of secondary windings — —

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

B.11 Metal-enclosed surge arresters

The proposal data listed in Table B.11 for metal-enclosed surge arresters should be provided with the bid.

Table B.11—Metal-enclosed surge arresters

Description User requirements Supplier proposal
Supplier — —
Type — —
Application — —
Maximum continuous operating — —
voltage (MCOV) rating (kV)
Rated frequency (Hz) — —
IEEE energy class — —
Discharge counter — —

B.12 Insulating gas-to-air bushing

The proposal data listed in Table B.12 for insulating gas-to-air bushings should be provided with the bid.

Table B.12—Insulating gas-to-bushing

Description User requirements Supplier proposal
Application — —
Name of the supplier — —
Type designation of the supplier — —
Material — —
Rated insulation level—BIL (kV) — —
Rated power frequency — —
withstand (kV)
Rated short duration power — —
frequency withstand:
Dry—1 min (kV rms) — —
Wet—10 s (kV rms) — —
Rated minimum continuous — —
current (A)
External strike distance: — —
Phase-to-ground (mm) — —
Phase-to-phase (mm) — —
External creep distance (mm) — —
Cantilever strength (nM) — —
Acceptable terminal load (N) — —

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 IEEE Std C37.123-2023
IEEE Guide for Specifications for High-Voltage Gas-Insulated Substations Rated 52 kV and Above

B.13 Insulating gas-to-cable

The proposal data listed in Table B.13 for insulating gas-to-cable should be provided with the bid.

Table B.13—Insulated gas-to-cable

Description User requirements Supplier proposal
BIL (kV) — —
Cable type — —
Cable size — —
Cable ampacity (A) — —
Cathodic protection isolation — —
Termination type supplier drawing — —

B.14 Insulating gas-to-transformer connection

The proposal data listed in Table B.14 for insulating gas-to-transformer connections should be provided with
the bid.

Table B.14—Insulating gas-to-transformer connection

Description User requirements Supplier proposal
BIL (kV) — —
Gas-to-oil bushing type — —
Ampacity (A) — —
Circulating current isolation — —
Termination type supplier drawing — —

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