POKHARA UNIVERSITY

: 2019
Semester: Fall Year
Level: Bachelor Full Marks: 100
Programme: BE Pass Marks: 45
- Course: Design of R.C.C. Structure
L
Time +
brs,
in their own words as far
: Candidates are required to give their answers :
_ as practicable.
The figures margin indicate full marks.
in the

Use of 456-2000 and SP

16

is
allowed, Assume suitable data if necessary.
_
Attempt all
the questions.

and loads with the help of

a) Explain about the design values of strength
stress and strain curve.
over clear span of 6m if
b) Design a rectangular beam simply supported
is required to support a uniformly
distributed load of 25 KN/m in
it at one — third span
addition to two point loads of 40 KN each placed
20 cm. Design for shear
of beam. The thickness of support
is
with stirrups. Use mild exposure
reinforcement as bent-up bars along
condition and TMT steel.
a) Design and detail a slab for a room
which is situated in the middle of
is of 4x6 ma size and the
20

other rooms in all directions. The room

wanted some modifications
imposed load is 5.5 KN/m. The owner
finishes of 20 mm. The brick
with brick masonry above the floor
strength concrete and Fe-
finishing is of 30 mm thickness. Use high
:
415 grade bars. Perform necessary
checks as well.

: a) What are the failure modes of column?

bars as longitudinal bars
mo) A column of 400X500 mm, with 4-25mm
length of column is 8 m,
and 8@250mm as ties. The unsupported
load on column is 2000 KN
Lex=7m and Ley=6m. The factored axial
70 KN-m and 40 KN-m at
and Factored moments in X-direction are
Factored Moments in Y-directions
Top and Bottom ends respectively.
Use M20-
60KN-m and 30 KN-m at top and bottom ends respectively.
additional and total
concrete and Fe415-Steel. Determine the primary,
moments for following Conditions.
1. If the column is braced and bent in
single curvature.

l
 2. If the column bent in double curvature.
is braced and
4. Design an isolated footing which has 400 mm diameter of column with 8- 20)

20mm longitudinal bars, and carrying a load of 800 KN. Assume soil with a
safe bearing capacity of 80 kKN/m? at a depth of 2.0m below the ground.
Use M25 grade concrete for column and M20 concrete for footing and Fe
415 steel.
a Write short notes on:(any four) Sy

a) Truss analogy of shear reinforcement in beams:

b) Design procedure for dog-legged staircase
6) Interaction curve
d) Design considerations for Intze Tank
e) Characteristic strength of concrete .
 POKHARA UNIVERSITY

—
Level: Semester: Spring Year +2019
Bachelor
Full Marks: 100
rogramme: BE
of RCC Structures Pass Marks: 45
urse: Design
‘Time >
SIS:

Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far
practicable.
in the examination hall.
Use of 18456:2000 and SP-16 are allowed
as

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

‘Attempt all the questions.

The stress-strain curves for concrete and steel given in IS 456:2000

show that the reduction in the characteristic strength ofcharacteristic
concrete 1s
applied all along the curve, whereas the reduction for the
r strength for steel is applied only from the yield point (0.87 fy). Give the
reasons for this difference with neat figures.
A
7
T-beam floor system consists of 120 mm thick slab supported by
RC

- beams at 3.5 m centres. Web width = 300 mm, d = 560 mm, tension
stecl.
reinforcement = 2500 mm’. Use M25 concrete and Fe415.

—
Determine the MoR of T-beam if simply supported beam has
4.0m.
a span of

12+
simply supported beam 300 mm x 600 mm (effective) reinforced
is with

bars of 25 mm diameter. Itcarries a uniformly distributed load of 80 KN/m

neluding its own weight) over an effective span of 6 m. Out of

5 main bars,

bars can be bent-up safely near the supports. Design shear reinforcement
the beam. Use M25 and Fe415. Sketch the detailing.
in sizes, ifthe superimposed 15
esign a slab for a room 5.5 m x 4 m effective
oad and floor finish load are 5 kN/m? and | kN/m? respectively. Adopt M20

h the following parameters.

ze of column = 400mm x 500mm
actored load, Pu= 1200 kN,
Factored moment Mux = 120 kNm,
Factored moment Muy = 100 kNm,
M20 concrete and Fe 415 steel.
d’/D = 0.15 for both axes,
Design a rectangular footing of uniform thickness for an axially loaded
column of size 300 mm x 600 mm load on column is 1150 KN. Safe bearing
capacity of soil is 200 kN/m’. Sketch complete reinforcement detailing,
Write short notes on: (Any four) =>

a) Reinforcement detailing of spherical domes.

i) Dog Legged and Open well stair case
c) Criteria for Dowel bars design.
d) Modes of failure of columns with reference to interactive curve
e) Check for one-way and two-way shear in RC isolated footing
 POKHARA UNIVERSITY

Level: Bachelor Semester: Fall Year : 2019

Programme: BE Full Marks: 100
Course: Engineering Economics Pass Marks: 45
Time 7 ONS:

Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words

as far
as practicable.
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

Attempt all the questions.

What do you mean by demand, elasticity of demand and types of

elasticity of demand
Explain manufacturing cost, non-manufacturing cost, opportunity cost
and marginal! cost with suitable examples.
Suppose a farmer want to save money semi-annually in a financial
company for the engineering education of his daughter of 2 years old,
How much money he needs to save per period if she need 20, 00,000
when her age will be 18 years old. The company compounded the
money semi-annually and interest rate is 12%.
An investment of Rs.1, 00,000 can be made in a project that will ~!

produce uniform annual revenue of Rs.50,000 for five years with

annual cost of Rs 20000 and then have a market (salvage) value of
Rs.5,000. If company has policy to accept any project that will earn
10% per year or more, on all invested capital. Calculate the discounted
payback period and show whether this is a desirable investment by
using the Present worth method.
Compute discounted payback period and modified B/C ratio from the
following data.
Initial investment Rs. 10, 00,000
Annual revenue Rs. 1,80,000
Annual cost Rs. 60,000
Salvage value Rs. 1,50,000
Useful life year 10
MARR 5%
Select the best project by using IRR method when MAI&I is My lie
incremental analysis if necessary.
I
 ad

Project A Project B
Initial investment 3,00,000 5,00,000

by
Annual revenue 1,50,000 1,75,000
Life Year 6 6
Salvage value 70,000 1,00,000

4. a) From the given information select the best project using co-terminated
assumption. Useful life = 5 years.
Items Xx
1 Z
Initial Investment 50000 40000 30000
Annual revenue 20000 15000 14000
Annual expenses 15000 10000 8000
Useful life 5 years 7
years 9 years
Salvage value 1000 500 0
! MARR
10% 10% 10%
b) A company isconsidering the purchase of second-hand computers a
cost of Rs.10, 500 each with an estimated salvage value of Rs.500 and
at
a projected useful life of four years. Determine the annual
depreciation and book values using double declining Balance with
conversion to
Straight Line depreciation method.

i
:

5. a) Which motor would you select if you have to operate 12 hours a day?
Motor A Motor B
Purchase Price Rs.3,00,000 Rs.4,00,000
Capacity 2He OP.
Efficiency
_ Annual Cost Rs. 30,000
715% 90%
Rs. 25,500
Electricity Cost Rs 10 per kwh Rs 10 per kwh
Life in years 5 a
b) Explain analytically the following ratios:
i. Debt ratio
ii. Current ratio and
ili. Quick ratio / acid test ratio
iv. Cost of capital
OR
What do you mean by balance sheet, income statement and cash flow
diagram? Explain.
6. a) Briefly explain about ecological limit, overcoming ecological limit
and sustainable development.
 8
balance sheet? Develop
b) What do you mean by income statement and
and differences between
their formats and discuss the relationships
them?
Write short notes on: (Any two)
a) FIRR and EIRR
b) VAT
c) Ratio analysis for making decision.
=
POKHARA UNIVERSITY
; 2019
Semester: Spring Year
Level: Bachelor Full Marks: 100
Programme: BE
Pass Marks: 45
Course: Engineering Economics Time ; Shas:

their own words as far

Candidates are required to give their answers
in

as practicable.
The figures in the margin indicate fill
marks.

Attemptall the questions.

7
economics? Explain its seven
a) What do you understand by engineering
in business or engineering projects.
principles and importance How does Compound 8
b) Define interest and
time value of money.
interest? Why does bank use concept of
interest differ with simple
compound interest
instead of simple interest? What is
the interest rate

if your amount will be double in years?

S
What isdepreciation? A photocopy
Rs.
machine
at
is
the
costing of Rs. 4,60,000
end of6th year. Find
8

with estimated salvage value 12,000

and book value by (i) Double declining
yearly depreciation amount
method (ii) Sum of years iggit
balance conversion to straight line
(SOYD) method. 7
with the following cash flow.
b) Consider an investment project
End of Year Net cash flow

|
-2,30,000
-70,000
a

Operetta enn cen

80,000

|
Compute the IRR for this investment
1,20,000
170,000
and determine
1a.

its
acceptability at
MARR=10% and draw also an investment balance diagram.
8
3. a) Define cost benefit analysis. Find out the both types of B/C ratios using
worth method.
.

present worth and annual

Initial investment = Rs. 5,00,000
Annual benefit = Rs. 1,50,000
Annual cost =Rs 30,000
Salvage value =Rs, 40,000
MARR = 12 % pet year
Useful life = 6 years
]
 b) Define ecological limit and sustainable development. Discuss ways }

sustainable development.
for
4. a) Perform sensitivity analysis using PW method over a range of 4

(+/or-) 20% in
a) initial investment b) net annual revenue and c) salvage value

«
Initial investment (Rs) = 2,00,000
« Annual revenues (Rs) = 50,000
« Annual expenses (Rs) = 5,000
+
Salvage value (Rs) = 25,000
¢ Useful life = 10 yrs
+
MARR = 12 % per year
* Draw also the sensitivity graph.
a) What are the sources of Project Finance? Explain the advantages of ]

Debt Financing. If interest on debt is 12%, dividend to share holders

are 15%, Calculate weighted average cost of capital if Debt is 70%
and Equity is 30%. Tax rate is 20 %
tn
a) What is
the taxation system in Nepal please describe in brief?
Describe income statement and balance sheet with their format. How
7

b) &

are they related to each other?

6. a) Evaluate the following two projects A and B having different useful 8

lives, if MARR is 15 % per year. Use PW method with co-terminated

'

assumptions. When MARR is 10 %per year.

Project A (Rs.) Project B (Rs.)

Initial Investment 40,00,000 50,00,000
Annual revenue 15,00,000 20,00,000
Annual cost 5,00,000 7,00,000
| __
Salvage value 5,00,000 6,00,000
Useful life 5 years 7.
years

b) What is financial ratio? Explain major financial ratios that can be qi

in decision making process in business.

applied
7. Write short notes on: (Any two) 2x5
a) Ecological foot print
b) Quick Acid Test
c) Benefit Cost Ratio
=
POKHARA UNIVERSITY
: 2019
Year
Semester: Fall Full Marks: 100
evel: Bachelor
Programme: BE Pass Marks: 45
Course: Estimating
and Valuation Time otis.
own words as far
required to give their answers in their :
Candidates are
as practicable.
indicate full marks.
| The figures in the margin
Attempt all the questions.
required for
ql

the necessary data

_

‘Estimation’ and what are

)
- Define of any construction
projects? 8
the
preparation of estimationExplain in brief about the factors affecting
What is rate analysis? basin complete
»)
an analysis of rate for wash
analysis of rate. Prepare
for: 4+4
set.
the quantities of materials required
calculate 100 m? surface area
a) Asan estimator, sand plaster in (1:4) on
i. 20 mm thick cement
wail.
of stone masonry wide and 5000
foundation PCC (1:3:6), 450 mm
ii. 100 mm thick
7
mm long. cement sand
for brickwork in different
specification
b) Write detail works.
;

mortars in civil
Q.No. 2(b) OR macadam road.
general specification for bituminous road 10
; Write item-wise
and filling of a part of a hill
the quantity of cutting
a) Calculate
from the following
data :
in banking
= in cutting and 8m
Formation width 6m banking,
is 1:1 and 1.5:1 for
side slope for cutting
 b) Write down the unit of measurement and mode of payment for the

following items of works:

i. Honey comb brick wall
ii. Centering and shuttering
iii. Marble skirting
iv. Cement pointing
y. Distempering
4. Estimate the quantities of the following items of work from the
accompanying ‘Building Drawing’. Assume suitable data if necessary.
i. Earth work in excavation in foundation
ii. Brick work in cement sand mortar (1:6) in superstructure
iii. Doors and windows frame (Choukosh), cross section size; (100 mm
;

x75 mm.
iv. 12.5 mm thick cement sand plaster (1:4) inside the building.
Estimate the quantities of the following items of the works for the
‘Septic tank with soak pit’ as shown in drawing.
i. E/w excavation for septic tank
in
ii. RCC precast slab
iii. B/w in 1:6 c/s mortar
iv. Sand filling in soak pit
b) Prepare a preliminary estimate of a hotel building having a carpet area
of 2500 sqm. 40 % of built up area will be taken up by the corridors,
verandah, staircase etc, 10% of built up area will be occupied by the
walls,
e Plinth area rate is Rs 30,000 per sq.m.
e xtra for special Architectural treatment 1% of building cost
e Extra for electricity, water supply and sanitary works 20% of
building cost
® Contingencies 2.5%
e Supervision charges 5%.
6. a) What principle should be adopted while writing specification of any
items of works? Clarify the relation between specification and
drawings.
b) In a residential colony of metro city, four storied RCC framed first
class type building was constructed 23 years ago having life span of
80 years in design. The plot size is 40 feet frontage and 70 feet back.

2
 and plinth
per runnit np, foot frontage all
1,20,000.00
Bost of land is Rs is 25 ft x 40 ft
which is equal for
nd floor the
ea of building grou
at sq.ft. Workout
plinth area rate is Rs 2300.00 per
floors. Prevailing Bank provides
for security of Joan for a bank.
valuation of property Then, how
value of 7 0% by its policy.
‘maximum loan in
distress bank?
achieve from the
owner ma y be able to
“much loan the property

—Q.No. 6(b) OR content of 1200

building having the cubic
m RCC framed struct ure 1100 sq.m. The
1 5 years ago on a
plot of about
~ cum was
constructed What amount
14000 per month.
fetches a rent 0 f about Rs *

st the
building loan to the owner again
i
recommend for the advance Assume that
, will you
+

in that area is 1500 per sq.m.

The rate of land redemption of
] mortgage? life to be 60 years, rate
of interest as 8% and
the future
gone per is
annum of
taken as 40% the gross
capital 5%. The expenses
_

rent.
two)
irite short notes on: (Any
_

Types of specification
) Scrap value and
obsolescence
|

Types of estimate
OF
SEC
STEPS
WALL
ROOM
DETAIL
OPENING SCHEDULE:
D
D1
= 1200.
= 1006 X 2100
W = 1800 X
W1 = 1500
=

X 2100

1500
(PANEL DOOR)
(FLUSH DOOR)
(OPENABLE GLAZED WINDOW)
X 1B00({OP ENABLE GLAZED WINDOW)
io

OF
-
170
70
150

PCCM3S)

MAIN
AAT onex

WALL
NEAT

yeaBRICK
FRAT

500
CEMENT
2Oeam THK.

jem TR BAND
couse

NOTE:
PUNNING (1-4)
SCREED
THK. POO. (1224)
BOLNG
GAUGE POLYTHENE
(14)

LUNG
SHEET

ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MM

ASSUME MISSING DATA
=
+

laren
VERANDAH
Ix 3140
160

320,129

230
oe 150329129 250 sae UES

ee 4740
3800
‘QNe 5: Septic Tank and
Soak Pit Drawing

230 420520 150

[><

oo
a,
Z
aon ee NEAT CEMENT PUN) Z
LO

=
ci com: ES
BRICK Oy

MORTAR(1:8)
C1. VENTILATING PIPE
2m HIGH

ee
7
00mm THRPRECAST RCC SLAg
ease
5a er
= 5

See eee
= 230 00mme S.w. PRE

Ve
js
Pome FH. CEMENT
PLASTER y
Seem THC NEAT CEMENT 470" 7
PUNNING(1:1)

as
bs
ae
z

wo 5

LL LE

SECTION AT X-x

ee ak
PCC 3S;
Brice worn
CEMENT we, 290
MORTAR;y, 8)
OLSEN
Nan
“
isa
SECTION At y-y
|

emetic ces
:!

RICK AGGREGATE
 POKHARA UNIVERSITY

Year 2019
Semester: Spring
:

|; Bachelor Full Marks: 100

ramme: BE Pass Marks: 45
se: Estimating and Valuation Time + Shits:

in their own words as far

ndidates are required lo give their answers
p acticable.
marks.
»
figures in the margin indicate full
jempt all the questions.

‘Estimate’ in Civil Engineering? Briefly explain

the various 20
Vhat is
ethods of taking out quantities.
low are following items of work
measured and what are the units of 7

neasurement and units of payment?

i. Excavation for foundation
ii. Galvanized iron sheet ridging
iii. Barbed wire fencing
iv. Dismantling concrete
Analysis' is necessa ry in the construction
work? Briefly
Why 'Rate
Rate Analysis.
explain the factors affecting m? of
Calculate the quantities of bricks, cement, sand and water for 400 Dy

sand mortar. Assume

a one and brick thick wall with (1:4) cement
half :
missing data. cistern complete set.
for commode with
Prepare an analysis of rate
Calculate the quantity of cutting a
and fi ling of part of hill road from the
following data :

in cutting
Formation width =10m in banking and 8m
Side slope for cutting (EV)
= 1.5.)
=)
Side slope for banking (Hiv)

|
Height of Cross ms
| Chainage (m) Depth of
| cutting(m) banking(m) slope(r:l)
1.6 10:1
0+400
0+450 0.8 12:1

0.40 foal
0+500
10:1
0+550 0.30

macadam
Write down the item-wise general specifications for b ituminous
 Ustimate the quantities of the following items of work from the accompany|
‘Building Drawing’. i

a) Earth work excavation in foundation

b) Brick work in cement sand mortar (1:6) in foundation
¢) Doors and windows frame and shutter
d) 12 mm thick plaster in (1:4) cement sand mortar inside the builditit
a)
a) Calculate the quantities of the following item of work for accompany\ii
‘Slab Culvert Drawing’.
i, Earth work in excavation
il. First class brickwork in cement mortar (1:6)
‘iii. Concrete work in slab
iv. Reinforcement Bar inslab
b) Prepare preliminary estimate of a multistoried building having total carpe}
area of 2200 sq.m. Take circulation area 30% of built up area. Arey
covered by walls is 10% of built up area. Assume the plinth area rate [uy
civil work is NRs 26,000.00 per sq.m.
Cost of water supply and sanitation = 8% of civil cost
Cost of electrical work = 10% of civil cost
Cost for architectural treatment = 1.5% of civil cost
Contingencies and supervision charges are 5.5%of total cost
a) Write the detail specifications for M20 concrete (1:1.5:3) in RCC work.
b) 3 storey RCC framed A class building was constructed 35 years ago in @
town of Nepal. Life span of building as per design is 90 years. The area of
the plot in local unit for building construction is 0-12-3-2 (Ropani-Aani
Paisa-Daam). Plinth area of building at ground floor is 2000 sq.f\,
Prevailing plinth area rate of building is NRs. 2,500 per sq.ft. including all
electrical, w/s and sanitary facilities. The rate of land transaction in the
market is Rs. 1,500 per sq.ft. Workout the valuation of the property for
security of loan for bank. Bank provides maximum loan in distress value
of 60% by policy. How much maximum loan the property owner cat)
receive from the bank?
Conversion :
/ Ropani > 16 Aana = 5474 sq.ft. ! Aana = 4 Daam = 342.2 Sq fi.
| Daam= 4 Paisa= 85.5 Sq.ft. ! Paisa = 21.4 Sq fi.

Write short notes on: (Any two)

a) Complete Estimate
b) Specification writing technique
c) Scrap Value and savage value
O.No.S, a) 'Slab Culvert Drawing

HALF PI
SECTIONAL
ONAL
PLAN

All dimensions
are
in cm,
Nominal mass per running meter
For 10mm@ 0.617k g
| For 20mm@ 2.467kg ]
Consider cover of slab=25mm.
 POKHARA UNIVERSITY

Semester: Fall Year 12019

vel: Bachelor
Full Marks: 100
Pass Marks: 45
Time + Shits.

andidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far
practicable. !

he figures in the margin indicate full

marks.

“empt all
the questions.
Describe the
v at are the different stages of hydropower development?
teps of pre-feasibility study of a hydropower project.
What would you
tow can Micro hydro plants assist in rural electrification?
.

lo to address the environmental concerns during

construction of dams for
;

ge power plants?
in
$riefly discuss the institutions involved in hydropower development
Nepal. Derive the equation for the hydropower that can
be generated when
a discharge ‘Q’ cumecs falls through the height “H” meter.

for a hydropower plant with designed discharge of 100 cumecs and

sffective head of 100 m, calculate i) the annual firm energy
and secondary

energy produced by
the plant ii)
The storage requirement the firm power if
increase to 420 MW. Assume 85% overall efficiency.
‘js to
May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Jan Feb Mar Apr
2000 2510 2000 900 500 300
100 120 140 300 320 1800
shown in below, calculate: 10
For a concrete gravity dam as figure
i. the total vertical forces acting on the.dam.
Bil. the total horizontal forces acting on the dam.
iii. factor of safety against sliding.
fake p1 = 0.65 and yconcrete = 24 KN/m?, ywater = 9.81 KN/m?

7,
: " 6
Ri=289.00m
Ri=285.00m
mae
¥

Ri#211.00m
{Centerline of
idrainage gallery Tall water
ao
eee
Ri=205.00m
8m
bk
56m

1
 b) How do
you select location of ideal dam site for a storage type hydropower
project?
Find out dimension of settling basin for a high head project in Himalayan
river which utilize a discharge of 60 m3/s and gross head of 300m. The
sediment particles larger than 0.15mm (fall velocity = 1.5cm/sec) had to be
trap in the basin. Consider effect of turbulence as well. Draw plan and
section of the basin showing major components. Also check the efficiency
of the basin using Hazen’s and Vetter’s equation.
What are the design consideration in run-of-river intake for effective
handling of sediment from entering to the system? Explain with necessary
sketches.
What is meant by economical diameter of penstock pipe? How can
found out using analytical method?
_
itbe

A penstock carries 8m°/s of water at head of 25 m. The

b) cost of pipe is 35hd’,
where h is head in m and d is diameter of penstock pipe. Annual fixed
charges are 8% of the pipeline cost. Head loss infriction is 0.025Q?/12.1d°
m/m length of pipe. The efficiency of plant is 80% and
energy price is 70
rupees/K W/annum, Calculate the most economical diameter of penstock.
‘) From the following data of a hydropower project, calculate the water hammer
pressure, maximum upsurge, maximum down surge and time of oscillation
for the design of surge tank.
Length of tunnel=2030m
Diameter of tunnel=4.22 m
Diameter of penstock-3.41 m
Diameter of surge tank=15.85 m
Discharge=26.20 cumec
Friction factor for tunnel=0.018
Friction factor for penstock=0.03
Velocity of wave in penstock=1370m/s
b) Design a pelton wheel turbine for a hydropower plant which have a net head
312.5m and discharge of 5 cumecs. Take the efficiency of the turbine as 85%,
head H = 312.5, Design discharge, Q = 5 cumecs. Take overall efficiency
85%.
OR
- A kaplan turbine develpps 2250KW under a net head of 5.5m and with overall
efficiency of 87%. The draft tube has diameter of 2.8m at its inlet and has an
a
 d cavitation, pressure
head at entry of draft
of 78%. In order to avoi Calculate the maximum
than 4.5m below atmosp heric.
ust not drop more level.
tt

which runner may be

set above tailrace
notes on: (Any two)
ort
yout and dimension of powerhouse
method of construction
draulic tunnel and its
dvantages and challenges
of micro hydropower in context of Nepal
 POKHARA UNIVERSITY
Year 2019
Semester: Spring
el: Bachelor Full Marks: 100
gramme: BE Pass Marks: 45
irse: Hydropower Engineering Time i okts,

words as far
their answers in their own
indidates are required to give
practicable.
indicate full marks.
e
figures in the margin
fempt all the questions.
in Nepal?
} What are the challenges of hydropower development

flow of a large tropical iver given

is
) Long term average monthly
_ below: Oct

| Jun Sept
Jul Aug
Feb Mar Apr May
Jan

868 1064 2380 2492

210 84 84 210
250
|

jydropower plant is propose d on river

the to meet the peak demand in
‘month of May of
an isolated town, wher e average
annual load 7MW. is
is
head of 28 m and plant efficiency
spography permits a natu ral net in the
load to 23 MW
8.1f peak load increase to 37 MW and average
is increased accordingly;
and the
ynth of May , the installed capacity
five days calculate the pondage
wer plant is to be operated for only
juirement regulate the flow over that period.
to foundation treatment of a
What arethe different steps done during
dam? Explaineach of them in brief.
 b) Find the useful life of the reservoir for the given data.

eh
(Capacity [Ol Pom7103 [04 105 [06°/0.7 08
in flow
ratio (%)
(Mi(Trap,.| 80 (eee O82 [9S 95.5) ).96/.4:06.5.).97
efficiency)

Initial capacity of reservoir is 70 mm>. The average annual inflow

in

reservoir is 90mm?, Average annual sediment inflow is 2*10° ton.

Assume specific weight of sediment 1.4gm/cm’,
sliding,
a) Check the stability of -the concrete gravity dam against,
10

overturning, and tension

7m
omar
Al
60m

70m.

in
b) Explain the hydrological, geotechnical and topographical investigation
the prefeasibility level of study of hydropower project.
in
a) Pind out the dimension of settling basin for a high head project
head
Himalayan River which utilize a discharge of 60 cumec and gross
of 300m. The sediment particles larger than 0.15mm cw =],5cm/sec had
to be trap in the basin. Consider effect of turbulence as well as.
Draw plan and section of the basin showing major components.
[Explain the usage of side intake, drop intake frontal intake
with sketches. —

a
a) Define surge tank and explain its function. In a hydropower project
penstock of diameter 2.5m carries a flow of 4.5 cumec
is ata
to
the turbine
located in the power house a simple surge tank of diameter 6m
distance of 1500m from the power houses considering the instantaneous
total closure, find.
 tank required.
i)ii)
°

Maximum height of Surge

Wave.
Time period of oscillation of draft tube.
tube? Derive the efficiency
_ What is the function of the draft the tunnel does is
the type of tunnel in hydropower? How
_ What are
constructed? Explain. water from head of
internal diameter 1.8m supply
_
A penstock having, head due to
of 30% increase in the pressure
150m, there is a possibility and design
q the transient
condition If
of flow. the efficiency of the joint
thickness of
respectively. Find the
stress is 90% and 1250kgf/em”
Penstock Pipe. nN

q
/rite short notes on: (Any two)
Important of micro-hydropower
in Nepal

Energy dissipater in spillway

house
Machine dimension in power
 POKHARA UNIVERSITY

Semester: Fall Year 72019

Level: Bachelor
Full Marks: 100
‘ Programme: BE
Course: Transportation Engineering I Pass Marks: 45
Time Sirs,
‘>

Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far
as practicable.
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Attempt all the questions.

a) Define transportation engineering. List out and compare the various

modes of transportation with examples and their feasibility in Nepal
and
other countries.
b) What are the requirements of highway alignment? Describe about
various obligatory points in highway alignment selection.
a) Calculate the length of transition curve and required shift if design
An allowable
speed of 80kmph, the radius of circular curve is 220m.
rate of change of centrifugal acceleration is 60 cm/s’, allowable rate of

is
change of super elevation | in 120. The pavement width without extra
widening is 7.0m.
b) Derive the setback required to maintain on inner side of 4 lane
horizontal curve of radius R m, required sight distance S m, and length
of curve L m for both case i. L > S and ii. L<S.
a) Describe the causes of moisture variation in subsurface soil. Why and
how the subsurface drainage is provided to lower the water table and
seepage flow.
b) A parabolic vertical curve connects a -4% grade with -2% grade. The
SSD and OSD required are 175 m and 625 m respectively. But due to
site conditions, the length of curve has to be restricted to a maximum
value of 800 m if possible. Calculate the length of curve required.
4, a) Whatis a hairpin bend? Derive the expression for the element of hairpin
bend.
b) A car moving at a speed of 90kmph decided to overtake another and
low moving truck which travelling at a speed of 45kmph and bus
 coming from opposite direction at a speed 75kmph. Calculate the safe
over taking sight distance.
a) Differentiate between bitumen and tar. Explain the Marshall stability
Method of bituminous mix design.
What are the design and construction problems that are associated with
s ‘

b) 7
hill roads? Enumerate the merits and demerits of river route and ridge
route.
6. a) Describe the laboratory procedure and significance of grade test of
in
aaa
bitumen used road construction.
b) What do you mean by spur? What are different types of cross 8

structure on highway, explain with sketch.

Write short notes on: (Any two) 2x5

a) Curve resistance and grade compensation

b) Road safety measures in hill road
c) CBR Test
 POKHARA UNIVERSITY

Year £2019
Level: Bachelor Semester: Spring
Full Marks: 100
Programme: BE .

| Pass Marks: 45
Course: Transportation Engineering Time ots:
in their own words as far
Candidates are required to give their answers
as practicable.
marks.
The figures in the margin indicate full
Attempt all the questions.
the process
road networks in Nepal? Describe
How can you classify the
of road planning.
alignment selection? Draw
b) What are the guiding principles for highway
the flow chart of route location process.
What do you mean by geometrics
of highway? Enlist the cross section
a)
elements of highway with neat sketch.
minimum radius & total width at
b) Design the transition curve having
at rolling terrain. The rate of
curved section is 7.55m constructing
0.55m/s?. Assume required data iG
change of
centrifugal acceleration is
necessary.
and derive the expression for
a) Describe the objectives of super elevation
national highway.
super elevation for a
has height of 6.35cm & diameter
b) A specimen of asphaltic concrete
in air & water are
10.2cm. The weights of compacted specimen
of the specimen yielded
1180.5m & 678.6gm respectively. The analysis
the following.

Bulk specific Mix composition (%| Aggregate

Material composition(%by
gravity wt. of mix)
of total aggregates

Bitumen 1.02 6
4
54 55.3
Course aggregate 2.6
3355 36.8
Fine aggregate 2.12

Te
7.9

Tee. tell
Mineral filler
6.5
2.7
Total
 Calculate;
i) Bulk density of specimen from dimension & immersion test
ii) Air voids percentage in compacted mix
il) WMA
iv) VFB

a) Define highway drainage system, How do you control the moisture

variation on foundation of road pavement?
b) A vehicle moving at a speed of 90kmph decided to overtake another
slow-moving vehicle travelling at a speed of 40 kmph and if the vehicle
from opposite direction travelling at a speed of 80 kmph. Calculate safe
overtaking sight distance consider a) Two lane with two-way traffic b)
Two lane with one-way traffic. Assume all data suitably (acceleration
= 2.5 kmph/sec)
a) Rate of accident in hill road is very high in the context of Nepal, how
these accidents are minimized? Describe about role of safety measures
in hill road.
b) Define California bearing ratio. Describe the laboratory procedure for
the California bearing ratio test and also how to determine the CBR
value of soil sample.
a) Derive an expression for the length of valley curve for comfort & head
light sight distance condition.
b) What are the construction problem encountered in hill road? Explain
design standards for hair pin bend.
Write short notes on: (Any two) 2x5
a) Desirable properties of bitumen
b) Modes of transportation
c) Objectives of preliminary survey