Multiview Orthographic Drawing It eliminates ambiguity by showing each side

of an object, facilitating precise construction

Michele Pauline Yap Magdato
and fabrication. Without it, misinterpretation
of design could lead to costly errors in
Where and how was it derived?
manufacturing or building processes. It
standardizes communication between
Multiview orthographic drawing originated
designers, engineers, and builders. By
from the principles of descriptive geometry,
providing exact dimensions and views, it is
developed by Gaspard Monge in the 18th
vital for quality control and successful project
century. Monge's methods formalized the
execution.
process of projecting 3D objects onto 2D
planes, allowing precise communication of
Multiview orthographic drawing is important
spatial forms.
because it shows objects clearly from all sides,
helping avoid confusion. It ensures precise
It evolved during the industrial revolution as a
construction and prevents costly mistakes. It
crucial tool in engineering and design. The
allows designers, engineers, and builders to
need for accurate construction and
communicate accurately. Exact dimensions
manufacturing methods led to its widespread
make it essential for quality control and
use. It remains a foundational technique in
successful projects.
technical drawing today.

How can it be useful for an architecture

It became essential for engineering and
student?
design. Its importance grew due to the need
for precise construction and manufacturing.
For an architecture student, multiview
Today, it is still a key technique in technical
orthographic drawing is essential for learning
drawing.
how to visualize and communicate spatial
ideas effectively. It trains them to break down
How do we apply it in real life?
complex designs into manageable, detailed 2D
representations. This skill is crucial when
In real life, multiview orthographic drawings
creating floor plans, elevations, and section
are used in engineering, architecture, and
drawings, which are fundamental for building
manufacturing to represent objects
construction.
accurately for construction or assembly. They
are applied when creating blueprints for
It helps students develop their ability to think
buildings, machines, or any product that
in three dimensions, which is necessary for
requires precision.
designing functional, aesthetic structures.
Mastering orthographic drawing prepares
These drawings help manufacturers build parts
them for professional work in the field.
to exact specifications, ensuring consistency
and functionality. Architects use them to
Definition ( CAERT, Inc. )
communicate the layout and design of
structures. They serve as the basis for
Orthographic projection is a method to
interpreting and creating physical models or
represent three-dimensional (3D) objects in
products.
two dimensions (2D): a series of separate 2D
inter-related views.
Multiview orthographic drawings are used in
engineering, architecture, and manufacturing
Orthographic projection is a parallel projection
to show objects clearly for building or
technique where the plane of projection is
assembly. They help make precise blueprints
positioned between the observer and the
and ensure parts or designs are made
object and is perpendicular to the parallel lines
correctly.
of sight.
How is it important?
This technique is used to produce pictorial
drawings that show all three dimensions of an
The importance of multiview orthographic
object or multiviews that only show two
drawing lies in its accuracy and clarity,
dimensions of an object in a single view. The
ensuring that complex objects are understood
difference between orthographic projection
from multiple perspectives.
and any other method is the use of 2D views of
the object instead of a single view.
Orthographic projection (drawings) helps Glass Box Principle
overcome the challenge of viewing 3D objects’
six faces.

Orthographic drawings are used to provide a

manufacturer or fabricator an accurate,
measured, drawing that can be followed when
making an object.

Engineers used orthographic projection to

create multiview drawings.

Orthographic projection is a way to show 3D

objects as flat 2D drawings by using different
views, like the front, top, and side. It helps you Figure 27-3
see all sides of an object clearly and The Glass Box Principle
accurately. This technique uses straight lines to
project the object’s shape onto a flat surface.
It’s often used in engineering and design to
create drawings that builders or
manufacturers can follow. Instead of one 3D
view, it shows multiple 2D views for a more
detailed understanding.

Multiview Drawing

Figure 27-4
The Glass Box Unfolded

Three Standard Views

Figure 27-1
Three Dimensional Wireframe Model

Figure 27-2
Projecting the Two-Dimensional View Figure 27-5
The Three Standard Views
Drawing the Views

Figure 27-7
Two Methods for View Layout and Alignment

More Examples
Multiview Orthographic Drawing vs.
Isometric Drawing

Multiview orthographic drawing and

isometric drawing are both techniques for
representing three-dimensional objects in
two dimensions, but they serve different
purposes and display the object in distinct
ways.

Multiview orthographic drawing shows

the object through multiple 2D views, such
as the front, top, and side, each focusing
on two dimensions at a time. This method
uses parallel projection and is ideal for
precise technical work where accurate
measurements are essential, making it
common in fields like architecture,
engineering, and manufacturing.

On the other hand, isometric drawing

displays the object from a single, angled
perspective where all three
dimensions—height, width, and depth—are
visible simultaneously. This gives a 3D
effect on a 2D surface, making it useful for
visualizing the overall shape of the object
in a way that’s easier to understand at a
glance. However, isometric drawings are
less focused on precise measurements
and are often used in conceptual design
and illustration.
"I sincerely apologize for not having
While multiview orthographic drawings are
conducted the necessary research on that
crucial for accuracy and detail, isometric
particular topic as of yet."
drawings provide a quick, complete view
of the object’s form.
"I wish to express my sincere apologies,
dear teacher, for my inability to provide
ETC
you with the information you seek, as I
have not yet undertaken the requisite
Parallel projection is a method used to
research in that specific area of study. I
represent three-dimensional objects in two
understand the importance of being
dimensions, where the lines of sight or
prepared and well-informed, and I regret
projection lines are parallel to each other.
any inconvenience my oversight may have
In this type of projection, the object is
caused."
projected onto a flat surface (like paper or
a screen) without the lines converging,
meaning the size and shape of the object
remain consistent and are not distorted by
perspective.