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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

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International General Certificate of Secondary Education

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* 1 6 6 0 5 4 5 4 7 4 *

SOCIOLOGY 0495/23
Paper 2 October/November 2010
1 hour 45 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No additional materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Answer any three questions.

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 25 printed pages and 3 blank pages.

DC (CW) 32776/2
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Section A: Family For

Examiner’s
Use

1 In traditional societies the functions of the family are different, to some extent, from those
performed by the family in modern industrial societies.

(a) What is meant by the term traditional society ?

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(b) Describe two functions that are carried out by the family in all societies.

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(c) Explain how the functions performed by the family have changed as societies have For
modernised. Examiner’s
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(d) How far, and in what ways, are families in modern industrial societies still as important For
as they were in the past? Examiner’s
Use

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2 It is argued that in modern industrial societies there has been a move from segregated For
conjugal roles to more integrated conjugal roles, giving rise to the symmetrical family. Examiner’s
Use

(a) What is meant by the term symmetrical family ?

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(b) Describe the difference between segregated and integrated conjugal roles.

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(c) Explain the reasons why the symmetrical family has become more common in modern For
industrial societies. Examiner’s
Use

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(d) To what extent is the nuclear family still the dominant type of family unit in modern For
industrial societies? Examiner’s
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Section B: Education For

Examiner’s
Use

3 The formal and informal curriculum can both be an influence on pupils’ opportunities for
upward social mobility.

(a) What is meant by the term informal curriculum ?

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(b) Describe two ways in which the formal curriculum can help children from poor families
achieve upward social mobility.

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(c) Explain why children from poor families often underachieve at school. For
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(d) How far, and in what ways, can schooling have a negative influence on the educational For
performance of children from poor families? Examiner’s
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4 The educational performance of ethnic minorities can be influenced by both home background For
and inside school factors. Examiner’s
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(a) What is meant by the term ethnic minorities?

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(b) Describe two ways in which the peer group may influence a child’s performance at
school.

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(c) Explain how home background may influence the educational achievement of ethnic For
minority pupils. Examiner’s
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(d) How far, and in what ways, can teachers and schools help improve the performance of For
ethnic minority pupils? Examiner’s
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Section C: Crime, Deviance and Social Control For

Examiner’s
Use

5 The term moral panic has been used to explain why deviancy amplification occurs.

(a) What is meant by the term deviancy amplification?

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(b) Describe two examples of a moral panic.

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(c) Explain why a moral panic may lead to an increase in crime rates. For
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(d) To what extent is it true that some social groups commit more crime than other groups? For
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6 Official crime statistics can be misleading and open to interpretation. One reason for this is For
the so-called dark figure. Examiner’s
Use

(a) What is meant by the term dark figure?

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(b) Describe two reasons why people fail to report crimes to the police.

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(c) Explain why white-collar crimes often go unrecorded. For

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(d) How far, and in what ways, may the activities of the police influence the official crime For
statistics? Examiner’s
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Section D: The Mass Media For

Examiner’s
Use

7 An important factor influencing the content and presentation of the news is the concept of
news values.

(a) What is meant by the term news values?

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(b) Describe two factors, other than news values, that influence the content of the news.

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(c) Explain why news reports may contain bias. For

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(d) How far, and in what ways, is the mass media able to influence people’s lifestyles? For
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8 Some groups are viewed as ‘folk-devils’ and blamed for many of the problems in society. For
Examiner’s
(a) What is meant by the term folk-devils? Use

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(b) Describe two groups that are more likely to be used as folk-devils by the media.

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(c) Explain how the mass media use folk-devils to influence views in society. For
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(d) How far, and in what ways, can the mass media influence young people’s behaviour? For
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publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2010 0495/23/O/N/10