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Math Lecture Sheet – 03

No. Contents Page
1 Basic Concepts 1
2 Class Practice: 3
• Series
• Average
• Mean, Median, Mode
• Age
3 Homework 5
4 Next Lesson 5

Student Name:

Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General

Math & Analytical Instructor
 Basic Concepts:
Important Terms:
Series → ধারা Mode → প্রচুরক Geometric → গুণ াত্তর

Average/ Mean → গড় Median → মধযমা Arithmetic → সমান্তর

Series:
In mathematics, we can describe a series as adding infinitely many numbers or quantities to a
given starting number or amount. They are 2 types: Arithmetic and geometric series.

1. Arithmetic Series:
This is a series in which there is a certain difference between any two consecutive terms.
This difference is called the common difference. For example: 4, 7, 10, 13, 16. Here, the
common difference is 10-7 = 3 For any arithmetic series, if
A₁ = First Term
D = Common Difference
n = Number of terms
Then, nth term, 𝐴𝑛 = 𝐴1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝐷
𝑛
Sum of terms up to nth term, 𝑆𝑛 = 2 {2𝐴1 + (𝑛 − 1)D}
2. Geometric Series:
This is a series in which there is a certain ratio between any two consecutive terms. This
ratio is called the common ratio. For example: 4, 8, 16, 32, 64. Here, the common ratio is
16
= 2. For any geometric series, if
8
A₁ = First Term
R = Common Ratio
n = Number of terms
Then, nth term = a𝑟 𝑛−1
𝐴1 (1−𝑟 𝑛 )
Sum up to n terms, 𝑆𝑛 = (1−𝑟)

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Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor
Average/ Arithmetic mean:
For a group of numbers, average of the numbers represents a central value for the numbers.
The average of n numbers is the sum of the numbers divided by n.
Sum of elements
Average = 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠

6+9+18+15
For example, the average of 6, 9, 18 and 15 is = 12
4

• If all numbers in a set are the same, then that number is the average.
• If the numbers in a set are not all the same, then the average must be greater than the
smallest number and less than the largest number. Equivalently, at least one of the
numbers is less than the average and at least one is greater.
• Whenever n numbers form an arithmetic sequence:
1. If n is odd, the average is the middle term.
2. If n is even, the average is the average of the two middle terms.
• To calculate the weighted average of a set of numbers, multiply each number by its
weight, add all the products and divide by the total number of numbers in the set.
• Sum = avg. x number of elements.
For example, the avg. of 3 numbers 10, 15 and 20 is 15. Sum = 15 × 3 = 45

Median:
The median is the middlemost value in the ordered list of observations. For example, in the
data set 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 the median is 9.

Mode:
Mode is the most frequently observed value in the data set. For example, in the data set 1, 3, 5,
8, 2, 3, 6, 8, 2, 3, 5, 6, 3 the mode is 3.

Age:
• If the current age is x, then n times the age is nx.
• If the current age is x, then age n years later = x + n.
• If the current age is x, then age n years ago = x - n.

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Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor
 Class Practice:
1) Find the sum of all the numbers in the following series: 10, 16, 22, __, 70?
(A) 440 (B) 420 (C) 400 (D) 410 (E) 425
2) In an increasing sequence of 10 consecutive integers, the sum of the first 5 integers is 590.
What is the sum of the last 5 integers in the sequence?
(A) 590 (B) 595 (C) 605 (D) 610 (E) 615
3) If 𝑆𝑛 is the sum of first n terms of a certain sequence and sum of n terms, 𝑆𝑛 = n (n² + 1) for
all positive integers. What is the 4th term of the sequence?
(A) 46 (B) 48 (C) 40 (D) 38 (E) 36
4) The cost of a cake is Tk x which is to be shared by 8 people. But at the last moment, 2 people
left the group without paying. How many more taka in terms of x will it cost each person?
(BBA 04-05)
(A) x/8 (B) x/12 (C) x/24 (D) 3x/16 (E) None of these
5) The average of a set of 12 numbers which includes 34 is N. If 34 is removed from the set and
38 is added to the set, what is the average of the new set of numbers in term of N?
(BBA 05-06)
(A) N + 1/3 (B) N + 19/6 (C) N + 4 (D) N + 6 (E) None of these
6) A set of 6 flower vases of different sizes cost Manik taka 825. Each vase costs 25 taka more
than the next one below it in size. What was the cost of the largest vase? (MBA 09-10)
(A) 175 (B) 185 (C) 200 (D) 215 (E) None of these
7) The average of 5 positive integers is 60. If the average of 3 of these integers is 67, what is the
greatest possible value that one of the other two integers can have? (BBA 09-10)
(A) 98.5 (B) 63.5 (C) 99 (D) 98 (E) Cannot be determined
8) Rahim averaged 70 in his first m number of exams. After taking n more exams, he had an
overall average of 75. In terms of m and n, his average for the last n exams was?
(MBA 10-11)
(A) (5m + 75) / n (B) (5m / n) + 75 (C) (5n / m) + 75
(D) (70m + 75n) / (m + n) (E) None of these

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Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor
9) In a particular course, Arif appeared in 10 quizzes. The average of his best 9 quizzes is 10%
more than the average of all the quizzes he attended. The total marks obtained in best 9
quizzes is what percent of the total marks obtained in 10 courses? (BBA 14-15)
(A) 80% (B) 88% (C) 90% (D) 99% (E) none of these
10) After 2 quizzes, Apu had an average of 15 marks per quiz. In order to increase the average by
n marks, what should be his score in the 3rd quiz? (BBA 16-17)
(A) 3n (B) 30 + 3n (C) 15n (D) 15 + 3n (E) none of these
11) S= {16, 9, 23, X, 13, 16}
In list S, the mean, the median and mode are all equal to one another. What is the value of
X? (BBA 19-20)
(A) 15 (B) 16 (C) 19 (D) 29 (E) 36
12) If the average of five distinct positive integers is 10, what is the difference between the largest
and the least possible values of the greatest of the five integers? (BBA 19-20)
(A) 0 (B) 5 (C) 12 (D) 28 (E) 32
13) Average of 3 positive integer a,b,c is 111. b is 2 more than c then which of the following must
be true?
(A) a is odd (B) b is odd (C) a is even (D) b is even (E) none of these
14) Six years from now, Sumi's age will be the square of her age six years ago. What is Sumi's age?
(BBA 01-02)
(A) 8 (B) 10 (C) 12 (D) 15 (E) none of these
15) Nishi is two years older than Mishi, who is twice as old as Rishi. If the ages of the 3 total 27
years, how old is Mishi? (BBA 98-99)
(A) 12 years (B) 8 years (C) 10 years (D) 9 years (E) 5 years
16) A woman was thirty years old when her daughter was born. Her age is now 6 years more than
three times her daughter's age. How old will be the daughter in 5 years? (MBA 97-98)
(A) 19 (B) 18 (C) 17 (D) 15 (E) None of these

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Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor
17) The age of the father of two children is twice that of the elder one added to four times that
of the youngest one. If the arithmetic mean and product of the ages of the two children is 8
years and 48 years respectively, then what is the age of the father? (BBA 10-11)
(A) 48 years (B) 32 years (C) 40 years (D) 42 years (E) None of these
18) The ratio of the current ages of Momen and his brother is 15:14. The ratio of the ages of
Momen and his sister in 6 years will be 18:19. The gap between Momens age and his sister is
the same as the gap between Momens age and his brother. What is Momens current age?
(A) 26 (B) 28 (C) 30 (D) 34 (E) Cannot be determined
19) There are 3 siblings, the younger two of which are twins. In 2 years, the average age of the
siblings will be equal to the age of oldest sibling now. What is the age difference between the
oldest and youngest sibling?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4 (E) Cannot be determined
20) Tarique said to his son, "I was one-third of your present age when you were born". If the
present age of Tarique is 48 years, find the present age of the son.
(A) 25.7 (B) 28 (C) 33 (D) 36 (E) Cannot be determined

Answer Keys:
Mentors Math Qbank:
Concept 11 Question: 11, 15, 16
Concept 12 Question: 8, 11, 18, 21, 25, 30, 31, 33, 34, 40
Concept 13 Question: 7, 9, 13, 16, 21, 23, 28

Homework:
Practise all maths of concept 11, 12, 13 from Mentors Math Qbank

Next Lesson:
● Inequalities

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Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor