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Math Lecture Sheet – 02

No. Contents Page
1 Basic Concepts 1
2 Class Practice: 4
• Fractions
• Exponents
• Roots
• Decimals
3 Homework 6
4 Next Lesson 6

Student Name:

Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General

Math & Analytical Instructor
 Basic Concepts
Important Terms:
Fraction → ভগ্নাংশ Mixed Fraction → মিশ্র ভগ্নাংশ Root → বর্িূগ ল

Proper Fraction → প্রকৃত ভগ্নাংশ Decimal → দশমিক Square → বর্ গ

Improper Fraction → অপ্রকৃত ভগ্নাংশ Exponents → সূচক Cube → ঘন

Fraction:
7
A fraction is part of a unit. It indicates a division or a part of number. For example, the fraction 5
indicates (7÷5). The number of the top, 7 in the above example is called the NUMERATOR and
the number at the bottom, 5 in the example is called the DENOMINATOR.

• Since a fraction is a division and division by zero is undefined, the denominator of fraction
cannot be zero.
• If the numerator is zero (and the denominator is not zero), then the fraction equal zero.
• The value of fraction is unchanged when the numerator and denominator are multiplied
by the same quantity.

Types of Fraction:
1. Proper Fraction:
If the numerator of a fraction is less than the denominator, the fraction is called proper
2
fraction. Example: 7
2. Improper Fraction:
If the numerator is equal to or greater than the denominator, the fraction is called an
2 7
improper fraction. Example: 2 , 2
3. Mixed Fraction:
2
A whole number plus a proper fraction makes a mixed number. Example: 3 7

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Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor
Comparison of Fractions:
1. If fractions A and B have the same denominator, and A has a larger numerator, then
fraction A is larger. Example: 5/7 is greater than 3/7.
2. If fractions A and B have the same numerator, and A has a smaller denominator, then
fraction A is greater, Example: 5/3 is greater than 5/4.
3. If fraction A has a larger numerator and a smaller denominator than fraction B, then
fraction A is larger than B. Example: 6/11 is larger than 4/13.

Exponents:
An exponent is an easy way to express repeated multiplication. For example, 5×5×5×5 = 54 . The
4 is the exponent. In the expression 73 = 7×7×7, 3 is the exponent. 73 means 7 is multiplied by
itself three times. If the exponent is 0, the expression always has a value of 1. Thus, 60 = 1. If the
exponent is 1, the value of the expression is the number base. Thus, 41 = 4 and 91 = 9.

• In the problem 53 × 54 , we can simplify by counting the factors of 5. Thus 53 × 54 =

53+4 = 57 .When we multiply base number is the same, we keep the base number and
add the exponents. For example, 74 × 78 = 712 . In short, am × an = am+n.
• For division, we keep the same base number and subtract exponents. Thus, 88 ÷ 82 =
88−2 = 86 . In short, am ÷ an = am−n
• A negative exponent indicates the reciprocal of the expression with a positive exponent,
1 1
thus, 3− 2 = 32 . In short, a− m = am

Roots:
The square root of a number is a positive number which when multiplied by itself gives the
original number. For example, √16 = 4 since 4 × 4 = 16. To simplify a square root, we factorize the
number. For example:

√32 = √16 × 2 = √16 × √2 = 4√2

We can add expressions with the square roots only if the numbers inside the square root sign are
the same. For example:

3√7 + 2√7 = 5√7

2|Page
Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor
Squared and Cubed Values:
𝐱 𝐱𝟐 𝐱𝟑
1 1 1
2 4 8
3 9 27
4 16 64
5 25 125
6 36 216
7 49 343
8 64 512
9 81 729
10 100 1000
11 121
12 144
13 169
14 196
15 225
16 256
17 289
18 324
19 361
20 400
21 441
22 484
23 529
24 576
25 625

Decimals:
A decimal is a fraction whose denominator is a power of 10; that is, the denominator is 10, 100
and so on. For example, in 0.313 the first digit after decimal point stand for tenths, the second
digit for hundredths, and the last digit for thousandths.
3 1 3 313
Thus, 0.313 = 10 + 100 + 1000 = 1000

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Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor
 Class Practice:
2
1) Rakib, Raja, and Rajib paid a total of 369 taka for their dinner at a restaurant. If Rakib paid 3

of the total amount, Raja paid 82 taka, and Rajib paid the rest, what fraction of the total
amount did Rajib pay? (BBA 09-10)
1 1 39 82 2
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
9 3 82 369 11
2) If a man's weekly salary is Tk. P and he saves Tk. M, what fraction of his weekly salary does
he spend? (BBA 93-94)
M P−M M−P M−P P−M
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
P P P M M
3) In one classroom exactly two third of the seats are occupied. In another classroom with
double the seating capacity of the first, exactly three quarters of the seats are occupied. If
the students from both rooms are transferred into a third empty classroom that has a seating
capacity exactly equal to the first two combined, what fraction of the seats in the third class
room is occupied? (BBA 04-05)
3 2 6 13 12
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
4 3 11 18 17
4) Rate of call is Tk. 4.5 per minute for all outgoing and Tk. 2.5 for all incoming from and to my
mobile telephone. Find the charge if I made 13 calls-7 for 3 minutes and 6 for 2 minutes and
received 12 calls-5 for 5 minutes and 7 for 4 minutes? (MBA 97-98)
(A) 396 (B) 322 (C) 281 (D) 224 (E) 175
5) Which of the following fractions is the largest? (BBA 03-04)
12 5 17 11
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) None of these
15 6 21 14
6) Mr Jamil, a renowned engineer, designed a ball so that when it was dropped, it rose with each
bounce exactly one-half as high as it had fallen. The engineer dropped the ball from a 24-foot
platform and caught it after it had traveled 23.25 yards. How many times did the ball bounce?
(BBA 10-11)
(A) 7 (B) 11 (C) 6 (D) 5 (E) None of these

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Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor
7) In a nationwide poll, p people were asked 2 questions. If 2/5 of them answered "yes" to
question 1, and of those 1/3 also answered "yes" to question 2, which of the following
represents the number of people polled who did not answer "yes" to both questions?
(BBA 10-11)
11 3 13 2
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) None of these
13 13 15 15
2
8) A certain football team that has played 3 of its games has a record of 17 wins and 3 losses.

What is the greatest number of the remaining games that the team can lose and still win at
3
least of all of its games? (MBA 05-06)
4

(A) 7 (B) 6 (C) 5 (D) 4 (E) 3

9) Two containers, x and y of the same capacity, are each 4/5 full of water. If 4 litres of water
from container x is added to container y, the ratio of water in the two containers becomes
2:3. What is the capacity of container x? (BBA 14-15)
(A) 16 (B) 20 (C) 25 (D) 32 (E) None of these
10) A certain test consists of 8 sections with 25 questions numbered from 1 to 25, in each section.
If a student answered all of the even-numbered questions correctly and 3% of the odd
numbered questions correctly, what was the total number of questions he answered
correctly? (BBA 17-18)
(A) 150 (B) 172 (C) 174 (D) 175 (E) None of these
11) If y is between 0 and 1, which of the following increases as y increases? (BBA 09-10)
1
i. (1-y²) ii. (y-1) iii. 𝑦 2

(A) I and II (B) II and III (C) II only (D) I, II, and III (E) None of these
12) If x and y are integers and -9 < x< 9 and x < y < 14 what is the greatest possible value of (y-x)?
(MBA 2013)
(A) 23 (B) 21 (C) 19 (D) 17 (E) None of these
13) The quantity 26 57 37 will end in how many zeroes? (BBA 14-15)
(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 7 (E) None of these
14) If |x+3| < 5, then which of the following cannot be true? (BBA 19-20)
(A) X > 1 (B) X = 0 (C) X< -6 (D) X < -9 (E) None of these
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Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor
15) At room temperature, bacterium doubles in every 20 minutes. In two hours what will be the
total number of bacteria from an initial number of 3? (BBA 94)
(A) 18 (B) 192 (C) 144 (D) 96 (E) 729
16) 𝑅 𝐶 × 𝑅 𝐷 × 𝑅 𝐸 = 𝑅 −12 . If R > 0 and C, D and E are each different negative integers, what is
the possible smallest value of C? (MBA 07-08)
(A)-10 (B) – 9 (C) – 6 (D) – 1 (E) none of these
17) What is the last digit of 4218 ? (BBA 04-05)
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 9 (E) None of these
18) If 2𝑛 = 𝑛2 , then which of the following must be true? (BBA 07-08)
(A) n > 1 (B) n = 2 (C) n can be any even number
(D) n should be a multiple of 2 (E) none of these

19) If x is a positive integer, what is the units digit of (24)5+2𝑥 (36)6 (17)3 ? (BBA 15-16)
(A) 2 (B) 3 (E) 4 (D) 6 (E) None of these
20) If (𝑎𝑥)16 (𝑏𝑦)12 (𝑐𝑥𝑦)17 (𝑑𝑥𝑦)11 > 0, and all the variables are non zero numbers, which of
the following must be true? (BBA 16-17)
(A) ab > 0 (B) ab < 0 (C) cd > 0 (D) cd < 0 (E) None of these

Answer Keys:
Mentors Math Qbank:
Concept 6,7 Question: 4, 7, 21, 24, 32, 47, 48, 50, 56, 59
Concept 8,9 Question: 5, 13, 15, 18
Concept 10 Question: 19, 21, 26, 29, 32, 34

Homework:
Practise all maths of concept 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 from Mentors Math Qbank

Next Lesson:
● Series
● Ages
● Average
● Mean, Median, Mode
6|Page
Prepared by Wasee Ahmed, BUP BBA General
Math & Analytical Instructor