Bishet Poul ee EM Old Questiims sSubny S13 18 ScD seq ot gold Fall é ‘ \ VO | akeg do yeu mean by wae funchin 7 gerive dhe hme _thdepmndent | fern of Schrodinger 's Wane eguahion, ¢ FT| In quantum mechonrit “Phere iy «varie pusntrhy’” Shock ? mathemadrelly — deseribe. dhe vane charactems7s of if pork te caved wee fumepim Denote by sy (Hs | we hate Me ware Ainenen yet Gb FRIE we —o Jows wang v raf = annf = BRAG A ee RR \ ! ae P PIES an he a ALP @o mM | prae Rowe differaka ting ahora FD | perce TF dye pt ae. et 2 dn a ry || 9 aj Cwh- 24)2 a ae a . Heda ay = ite7 Date. \ Page | : ee ee SS | noosa Ihe fotet energy gare partele 14 tum ef 1b : BE CP") ond pe Ww). : So EF POY am. | mth) bothsides by Yo CFT | 1 ] Cv= Vay —D frm @) ond © | 2 Es The avy 2a ‘ a’y om (pay) y =o @) dn® Ee whith +4 Jn fime dependent Fon f Tho ddyer's saan equation. in g-0 it Gm be usitten ay vr rd (E-V) ¥ 20Date—___— 7 Page } CY) |) Find dha demperaiue ad iuhich dheve 15 98K probawitrty tha Q stebe OZ eV belod fhe Germs energy feed worl) Be octupred by_20_elechrn, By __Fermi- dar divributim cfunetim _prebarrlity Int ocwpest Bleed is poe L 3 . ree ce Et a 5 9.8 Le €o-3/ ket) s ~~ @ OST RT bo ay + Gosyet) = Lt 3 ke 1-38 x10° > T/k 16 kt0) U3¥xto OIR= 2 otal NN ____— Te sega Lsgxion? TIK BELO xe S evi hk T= 893 68 K. pgDate Page SOKO) Ge Gee. Bs term! elechons doth velacrty ena ombtihys How fare _drey . yelated 7 show. Dat. du onduciity of elechms = 9 ith wn mefatte emndluctr 4 pozdcd ef. charge density and mObieby: } a ‘ 4g, dechen The average velodty @teuned by ehaged parhcles® na madenit due fo on elechte field ts cated Witt velocity ond denoped by v4. . Ele chen mobihity ty Te mowmend df elechn ‘and Ms dhe pad'e of drif{ velowty to the shengdh of du _clechra fresel us as ED Ee WL Elechreat omduchivtdy fy Tn geen Wty af eectrety Trt Jiro hy untl dime per unit arg of mer teckten of Wu medee emolucter per unit pokndet gradseat: Phe yrontiiy of Blechreity “flowing fing cmducher 14 4 Zz oner =~ OAET 4 Ted sec 6 AE 1 | eae wow bem ohM'S Taw nerav @ o= “Glen TMow, netav oe ane’ émv? 2 tet. Emy eee ar es nett ct mean free path: ma j oz neu er j f f / a which by reguded equation. Molybdenum has te Bcc crystat sdactrt, a density # Jor2e ob) gmc and an atomic. mass of 95:98 GMI" What 15 atomic concenbatim, atthe paramat ond apernic Jadkius of by h denur £ ep l| abner (¢) = Jeet gan s ah mits (Mat) oe 9829 BH MIT SP ak unc® C0) = 9 ‘ pattree parameder = 4 adenix radius >? 7a Bel crystet Thecax Wg pert “fan adem m cack Oran of Meuse tig x9 > Lb atm. and L Centebh ectem.y Dre centat pestdim y Ma ube ators per _untt coh na? ade enact = 2 adem | unik (eth:———————_—L___ at mots x ats ome” at mets x of Ore ala den sede A+ aumn Ber | ais IT [ lore K 6923 KIO" [a ae vio a eater ate xio 12m. | new - $y I az Ts [ee + i grax! x | i z = LST KI fs Armic = a Crcendab = 2 Unibet ates Lunth ceth L lade aramebe > 29 Kgl? m 7 atomic va aDai Page “QU show Ihe fonte. emduehvity depends inversely arth “temprentae. Tonic cenductinity cam be Ui suatirel form pepo ofone? mefees Hechiysrs, elecheplatiny eke. In ed ahs we when _eefernat anode and cathod ane placed 2m _&queny medias poten tat is applied, csien ard onion ene formed anal Cabin bs atractesl dowares anode while’ dhe anion ‘ques fp wards cathode. ey. tusog—% Cutts sog7 caused clue fo_movemement of such | The ma'a_cmduchion «- porrtttatar Adechren on pputaken positicely negatively fon of Clecpic Fielol ond 5 givin by oO EF femte = | © Alien Mien, Then bem Erastein diffusion gelatin ure ham ims oD Hin eT 2 vertea with derope takin ay The oleffagien weleuent G[sd Tea fone onder yon be expresed of Oi 2 @ Aim Aim ~2 u Ss — = @ Mim Ty 2 pin PoP (7— Arn Do exp ( Wim = RT Sims Fe exp (st) ———- wheoe 1 L& Mim Ps, ——-@. ET Mobrrg tn om sthatde A OD we get inGim = ine, - F nine dla Se 3 # From J above equahin @ RUS Cmrela Wed thas fhe pone cerduchi ty 14 dyer cely” peperdimas 4d Oh Hemproa hire, yan + = dis. chependences of fenre enducts thy Hemperatuee,Meike the dyes of polarizahins ert The ¢ (audrud~ Marssottt : equation for elechenie pélusiahin, ve lading te _pSlaoia chitity wish dhe permithvidy» Types of partrranten > |b dente _psleirehion 2: Dipolar | _Grventebmal _pslarrra dion Sr inter Facial pstarratin fr blechren’e _potarizahim : Consider local elechne Arelol. 20, Eee, we howe Poi As Pmduced = Ae Flee = nee CES SE lrenia fall Pioe Set re > Keee+ Ae? z a P{i- o\= NXeE (te —— (=e) Shee, p= €XeE ——— & fra DO ond GD we Gee Awe & Co%eE = pec Ae et ; HI BeefoAeMXe Axe e te Axe Nee fe 5% foXe = NX Ly Xe | e e (ts Fe) [TS fo te = Axe USteey AX i | This 1s cued Clawsius—Massott’ egquapim, which Shews relationship be futen —_prlorribt y (Xe) ond suscep# bility Cte) Lene pelatime permihbity (Ee) » 3.4 <0 Explain dhe eddy current (048 ond hystexesis loss in magnedc materials } al Eddy current loss [When on appuied mug ned field 4 changed , current mdaced 7a in magnebc materat, Dus Cumen} tailed edly current Land prduces lors power resulting to heoubng of i __matemals cated dey current lo as - To reduce flus low, desistance Asis to be macle lage such phat sma/f (5 allowed ond hence the eddy current Cdrrent leas 15 av educed, LHysteveis Joss i- vhiheen @_magach majerias 5 magnewee Pr a certain Unit la nd ghen de magnetired , Energy fots fake place thas 4 Lfivia by fme area of the hysheyesis loop:neha Hard magna | netic materet . ream 7 fe — Ha / A RT) [ | Lt flax ans fy. GH canve fr sedd A hard es) woaiinmlient The sive +f loop i dPteent ger diferent materats, hese ar makers whieh a+ eas magekred and dhen demagneiied, Caled soit magnedic _matenat and other makes, hard to both maynetred and demagnehied are haved magn enc materals - The value of vetnbvity is laage enough > herd mayneire maken than soft magne makeriats + The valu ef wert also large om hare’ _magneke metered Hence large Aysteress leop mess large (045 40 hard magnetic materials hat large bystersis lets Ihon soft +Page \ a Caktulate the _permeabid'ty ond Susveprhilty ef on item bor of trots - sechbnal grea orem wena magnetic fred ap shength + J200 Alm . produces magneb flux ef 24 mire weber: inte Az DidviwIme " Hz 1260 arm $= 249x156 weber rs ein eb Pe A As, . Gz Medi H 6 rep 8 = 4s a4 Are 4 Ae aneiet x loco * in = Modir > 2 anew tx 79S FF = Axor Also, pe 44% ae a Q = 499.74 fe:85 car feasts B) Stow Prat Die termi level mirmnate ste ber midusay bedweeg Me valance band ona Cencluchin band. i Cb = Fa/o 2. yy A ev \, Sepak 17 We CH on “lating Un_en do Prgides i =f bet by Ae Sa. RE. GT RET Cae = Ep wee gs ey be ys KT Rr Raw DRT : Sy ieee a bg a ol an (Ze = : ps eee BS Dae (ey oe ve have g (an mehr ete Soe Ah. 3 : (2m mt et) ‘ lie Nc me @ Av = Car 73 NEF Fly me = ma® Gran ts ne D The Nena Fermi (eal Wes maidag gepwerd valance and cmaachia Bond. Wiaeh equal ey preygion. o A__sflicom sample 4 doped with _Jo'S Anhmeny ators | om. Find ‘carnier uncertain, 74s pesisdance ond She Shift on fern? (evel from its mtvens'e term: tevel at 94°C - Ht It 14 forthuy doped with 2x10"? _ bueen> atems Jum, what % new Lresisdenie 2 Since si 5 doped PFT jo!S oniiramy se tl na Na = JolS np 3 r _indoensic eneen ba b'en ; ~ e- &)) —— a Or J ” doped Cenconse bien (- e- EF) | ® no d= peexp (oer)| Ainty @) ly © | nid exp (ee Ey] ni oa RT Grn Ti pay ty a Ai Een = 6s = eo tof we Bex 39 tI 3 Upasxe Oko fer > 44h 8 Nye 3° F Cartier uneeg dehy i Heel erst we PFI? Cet nis Las xe! ont ape 2 pe Chee Swe Me 213 Se Att el oe nette + eptth wn 2450 emty lst = bex ed ( 10!SX 1350 + BX 10S x 450) = O-2IG mortem”! | venstonce 92 Ve = 7: 6296 went Re 4 O96 plow sample's ferfivr daped eith 2x10? bewm 4° es Hat oxi Na > *d po pad = exit [oth 2 99x10Date Page p Cuasiiet’ 1-99 xsolt = 10Sb 52 7 Fb vie Todos ISSOH PGINIO x 40) = 94-928 ee! = 0.06949 OM) Benne aliftusion lengdh ead pba The mond mah sean fe hares. Diffusion length i's defined of Mk length, 2 hse dPhuse % average befere it Sein bthe widhian en. in ‘o-'type “4 is alse cated Drorsty Carrier _efbusion length Try(atOH \ \ Ziel : pe type SIC Tey T Here dhe cureat densitiyf ht entering dhe sample can be sma llor or larger han fs uirv'end density of Koles Leavly pre aongle. Depending on fhe generation and % 26 bnadien _fakthg plac wiftiin he tomple + the net rrevease At tencenbatim per voit frme 05 dr difference behocen hf dowd ‘per unit volume — entering and - leaving J rote af corm bina tim js glaen & dae Oph — WAP ae. dt ‘ Th i pate ef Moere In _ rake of photezeneratim — rate of ge ten bmn pn exces At cme” TKS can be waitin as aap SAT ae} —- Ar at e Ax tH(a Date a ——| Tip aye GaW as thnelen nt vd Gps Mehmed os Anceage mr hile tome” _per unit volume j | (Arba) per unit. drme J. ip py ere ep | fe GF ae ele em em | T= epv t vs dg. Taylor Serves i “ 2 Ti tataal = Inn + as WK MP excens AM@ Omcenhasion | Ap = p> Po | | gar or ae, at frog 649 CQ) ve can vtite 4 VAP | d YInemy = Then) ~ a OV ax] _ AP e — 2 oS Se OP } 9 Ine Ap 2 aE clmicay Tn || hes ts continuity epsafion fn Niles: | 7 J | I | i 1<= mertges miet St Peaster | ae APA growing crypt | si Tapet } ry Crutibe \ Papa Sse tal7, ia mesistoace heater Sy ‘A - ANS 7 —) gas oullek Fy greth of susie eysree Ss Whgot by Me czachowiser Feekniyucs giwater Hak 4 Jaco} Aechin 4 grad Aye flash or tye Hae peph mea tata J ta I Tze m be merked By gremdny a dla «— oe = . . melt This metho? prvol ts prowhy ¢ sihgle- crysdat ingot fren De meet a seco! carysdet as’ Shou a bove using syd lipid rn om Molden si is helel ma Guarda cructble in _@ graphite suscephoy heater 7 by radio uth s edher heated by grephite resStunce Peequincy induc pen orl A__smatl id/slocatim free crga?ad Called 4 shee 8s dower eel 4oach the melt and Dren slowdy soviel fyrhg on Me Crysdel iyoows by |_putled out of Oke mele. A iy duriig dhe pulling spage, to cr bed « The seed 1 tad To supress Lapora ten fom the Ljas rs posed Dhrayh the eel obtain a ty irdent ingot + mel! ond prev: oxseda fen, | ara) t On System. ‘The sire and diemeders “tf OS Crys felts Frown “hy Mu -¢ 20c hralstsé method qre_obviougly | Umided| dy 1 dhe 7} sp ment though crys dak 96-30 om fa _damerte J-% myn feng dh ar9 poudned gGreun fer dhe Je Fabricator _fnolustry + Wyo Ghe cryedat seed and its Sladners idh meld surface gat _Orien dadin dhe Ven por fon 1 engi h cng reg Uupremen th - Fer very forge scale Pte gpa fin. dus Seed 5 placest with doe) plane flats jo" dhe ‘yer melt , so thot fhe_oxig of its She cy lind eat ingot is ating dhe 10} diwechin:del fe Shed ropes Jon _implen tation a fije ton _1m planter Ten tm plamda tion prers has mang advontages, Or kiffusion fer The production of dmpurity ators Mmte Tee SF water so #416 most widely vse Fechnalegy In. modern 1 pabafcaher. An ion rm pleater [4 a Agr wolRge parkele accelerate peducng a Ay velecly Beom of. Prpunity tena, vihich crm penchete gr surface of si waterspalarradion ae © ee fogc 2 Absence Cony | ae | Te =o Ts [ongse me = a aleohs : Polar gases Uke Hel and Seam, water + cpdle mamen+s . | elecholi bes, aceten ete hone permanent? : asocated with Thom + Such meolum ja potsence of externat frelel ex hibits a pSlar'zahinn called di pSar } erendahinat —_ pSlasvr2g ten | Tn absence of extemal frelel, asl the’ apg o pendem erenled dus to Sharmak agitation. pence fans 0- : ud fo presence ef external rele, Ups sill pry fo | abiyn 4s direction along external f#efel @Xperien vay Sore ! terque and alge Some clipes sll be joss dus to | mndlecule election ;Bishat poudel (13s set-2- go28 Sin, Wefne Hessen btr9 uncertainty prrdple-_Devivre We expressing for 1c) dhe energy ofan elechen ton fined to on tn fmite’ patent well Reisen berg Yrcerdeun dy _pprmrelple sates Prot," th ig Mmposss be to measure beth du __posidimand __ memendirn 24. de mitroscepie pardicies at ur Same fone.” mafnema Heally ANA Px Pe De Nae x we we ath neg ese ; ‘ fea 3e _a Consider the behaviour ofan e7 when (ds con €Pred to's ceakuh peyton behween © end a fs popenitat energy )'4- 2670 mas de do f Drue_vegim and infiarte outside dhs _vegion a3 Khowin fry above. since dhe _proeba 6 Udy of. dancing of en oudsr de fhe _well ry 2670 Pao wn nee A Ata Schrodmgeris usawe tquahin describes dhe be havivus of 079 nadys tn independent of dome and ts (icin bs oy eae dx 9m, pr ET —@Date. e Page ——| Shee Mu _pelentwl energy irside du well ig rere re. VEO [a | d?y BRIM ECyY=o —® | da Hn ls generat _¢6)' 7 i Jem i Y= Ae 7 Ge Yip) 22 we yet 97 @ a4 yes Ane®r ae? i | A--@8 7 G=-A __ we oo uke ! wen = ATP ae IRR | us kn RY) i Von = A (wtparssmku- Oskx +s amen) Yin) = 2AS sta kx ——€5) | i Oe Kar an07ha7 Bander onl Ya) =e (5) @n be wren a4 02 2Aj shia sm kaze sm ka 2 sin 0% pe 7 ;now fu @ a? (2A jsmex) + 8772 £ GAJSmIn) =o dn? ne 2 DAS RE sik + 177 £ @Assinien) =? = 5 anssinnn (-K? + 842% BE) =e whch 4 regueed exprasin, @ already dre Set-4 2Ca) - \ 1@) Calculate Ore drift mositty ond fhe mean scatiemy dee ff conductin elechens jn copper at peor hrproa tune qrum That The _enductivity of copper if 5-9 X10% Coe The densi ty of topper os 8:98 pmeni3 ond ims atom mess ig 63-5 _ gram"! Cassume one free Ulechen prr atmn)+ Al Her, = 6 8 em"! os = 539x105 nem pe wath white $= Bg6 gmemr$ ae oe | Mop = 62S gros! eK AA | um 28 mat T+? B9bX G033x107> 6rs Bi 498 XIOr% Cre?os nee < 5x10 ® ; ———_ = " my gd ne = 43-3925 © s ot gitgs tot? FVGx 10 9 7192; : net ford free 6% ad mary = OM * oa m or ct —7z ne = te = € 63S H% 43-39 ‘ i - 6x 52 = tXIO S (b)|_ whet do you sage aby, cdlechtat beeeued pun. m Uigucd 2 Elech breakdoum 1 octur when IM Jap preswurt 1's Clore te ehmosphert prersuce. 1b 1a Pe condidin _uhhen due _dermmatd Gein Wyld are eenducd eachodees we use Are ise harge MH elecrrut breakdown deo avoid breatedoum 2218 Fal 5. Araady deneo3: a) Jedine locat Freld im relation « Fo pSarzatin . | Lecat freld fy Me achat frelol That _aots om q mdlecate ond fer a _srmpTe _iube _cerystat |< du cdor oy a Mpa J Bb fa grein luorent2 Permula 2 drehol 29 £ Ewe = E+ 36, Bere a099 Fall 3 0) ey \ | An eclechtmie polewradility of Ar aterm Mm 9 4:9 210° 7m? Calculate tre Strb'e clielectns comgionts af SVd Ar given sds density is Se gmen3 , Map = 99-5 gmat! and Aq = 6023410 mI: a Kes LF xo7 Fm $= re gmem3 = gris 2 pg xte3 pg rio? Kaen 3 Gey? wf Mat = 39:5 gmol" “ V || = 89-Sxto? Kyma Nat 6093 vot? mH! kat eye? Ne SENG ; Pat 2 _ YY 6 683910 39-95 2 RANT? cm’ 3 2 BFL xX 109F m3