Section 1.
1 Introduction to Graphing 1
Section 1.1 Introduction to Graphing
Plotting Points, in a Plane
Each point in the plane is described by an ordered pair. The first number, x,
indicates the point’s horizontal location with respect to the y-axis, and the second number,
y, indicates the point’s vertical location with respect to the x-axis. We call x the first
coordinate, the x-coordinate, or the abscissa. We call y the second coordinate, the
y-coordinate, or the ordinate.
Example 1 Graph and label the points
Example 2 Determine whether each ordered pair is a solution of the equation
a)
18
_______________
18
True / False
b)
18
_______________
18
True / False
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2 Section 1.1 Introduction to Graphing
x- and y-Intercepts
An x-intercept is a point To find a, let and solve for x.
A y-intercept is a point To find b, let and solve for y.
Example 3 Graph:
Find the y-intercept: Find the x-intercept:
Find a third point:
Example 4 Graph:
When
When
When
x y
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Section 1.1 Introduction to Graphing 3
5 5
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4 Section 1.1 Introduction to Graphing
Example 5 Graph:
x y
24
0
2
10
12 24
The Distance Formula
The distance d between any two points and is given by
Example 6 Find the distance between each pair of points.
a) and b) and
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Section 1.1 Introduction to Graphing 5
Example 7 The point is on a circle that has as it center. Find the length of
the radius of the circle.
The Midpoint Formula
If the endpoints of a segment are and then the coordinates of the
midpoint of the segment are
Example 8 Find the midpoint of the segment whose endpoints are and
Example 9 The diameter of a circle connects the points and on the circle.
Find the coordinates of the center of the circle.
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6 Section 1.1 Introduction to Graphing
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Section 1.1 Introduction to Graphing 7
The Equation of a Circle
The standard form of the equation of a circle with center and radius r is
Example 10 Find an equation of the circle having radius 5 and center
Example 11 Graph the circle
Center:
Radius:
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