Radiographic Techniques
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsRadiographic Techniques
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsRADIOLOGICAL
TECHNIQUES
IN DENTISTRY
Alfredo Castro Fernández
Juan José Segura Egea
RADIOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES IN
ODONTOLOGY
INTRAORAL
Periapical (dentalveolar) technique
- Bisector
- Parallel
Bite wing technique Occlusal technique
- Upper (standard and oblique)
- Inferior (standard and oblique)
EXTRAORAL
Orthopantomography (panoramic
radiography)
skull side
BONE SCAN
PERIAPICAL
BONE SCAN
PERIAPICAL
With it you study:
The tooth (especially the
root portion).
The periodontal space.
Peridentary bone tissue.
Its instructions are:
> Periodontal diagnosis.
> Periapical pathology.
> Endodontics.
HEAD POSITION
PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHY
- Indications: Endodontics -
PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHY
- Indications: Periapical pathology -
PERIAPICAL
- Indications: Periodontal diagnosis -
RADIOGRAPHY
PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHY -
Patient positioning -
The patient should be seated
in the chair, upright and
looking straight ahead.
For x-rays of the upper jaw,
the head will be positioned so
that the line joining the
tragus to the wing of the nose
is parallel to the floor.
Periapical of upper incisors
(Pasler support)
PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHY -
Patient positioning -
For lower jaw x-rays, the tragus-lip
commissure line should be parallel to
the floor.
The sagittal plane of the head will be
perpendicular to the floor.
Periapical of lower incisors
PERIAPICAL
RADIOGRAPHY
- Parallel technique -
The plane of the axis of the tooth and that of the plate are
parallel, since the plate is placed in the mouth separated
from the tooth by means of some special fastening system.
The focus is separated at a distance of 40 cm (long cone),
with the beam directed perpendicular to the center of the
tooth.
PERIAPICAL
RADIOGRAPHY
- Parallel technique -
PERIAPICAL
RADIOGRAPHY
- Parallel technique -
PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHY
- Parallel technique: supports -
Emmenix Klauser Support
clamp
PERIAPICAL
RADIOGRAPHY
- Parallel technique -
Emmenix Pasler support
clamp
PERIAPICAL
RADIOGRAPHY
- Bisector technique -
It is the one used if the object and plate planes are not parallel.
The beam of rays is projected perpendicular to the bisector of the
angle formed by both planes.
PERIAPICAL
RADIOGRAPHY
- Bisector technique -
The error that occurs between the plane of the tooth axis and the
bisector is compensated by the error that occurs between the
bisector and the plane of the plate.
The beam is focused at the apex of the tooth.
PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHY
- Bisector technique -
The patient himself holds the x-ray with his finger.
BONE SCAN
locator ring
PERIAPICAL
- Parallel technique -
Plate
Puss
y
bite block
BONE SCAN
PERIAPICAL
- Bisector technique -
BONE SCAN
PERIAPICAL
- Parallel
technique
by Le Master -
cotton swab
PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHY
UPPER MOLARS
Parallel approach according to Le Master Approach according to
the bisector
PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHY (Bisector) -
Angulations in the upper arch -
PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHY (Bisector)
- Angulations in the upper arch -
Incisors Canines
40º 45º
Premolars Molars
30º 20th
PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHY (Bisector) -
Angulations in the lower arch -
PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHY (Bisector) -
Angulations in the lower arch -
RADIOGRAPHIC FILMS
ANTERIOR PERIAPICAL
RADIOGRAPHY
PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHS
BONE SCAN
OF
BITE FIN
BITEWIP X-RAY
Allows you to study:
Coronal portion of the
tooth
Interproximal space
Amelocemental boundary
pulp chamber
Are used to:
Diagnosis of proximal
caries
Diagnosis of occlusal caries (hidden caries) Control
of class II restorations (proximal) Control of fixed
prostheses (crowns, caps...) Diagnosis of pulpal
alterations (pulpolito...) Assessment of proximal
dental calculus
BITEWIP X-RAY
- Periapical and bitewing comparison -
BITEWIP X-RAY
- 2 x 3 cm radiographic plates –
(Preschoolers)
BITEWIP X-RAY
- 3 x 4 cm radiographic plates -
(Children in mixed dentition)
BITEWIP X-RAY
- 2.5 x 5.5 cm radiographic plates -
(Kodak brand Bite-wing for adults)
BITEWIP X-RAY
- Patient position -
Patient:
* Sitting upright.
* Head centered.
* Horizontal occlusal
plane.
BITEWIP X-RAY
BITEWIP X-RAY
- Beam focus -
From above and mesial.
7º inclination.
Perpendicular to the film.
BITEWIP X-RAY
- Direction of rays -
Adults Child
ren
Second second
premolar primary
molar
BITEWIP X-RAY
- Film placement and focus -
BITEWIP X-RAY
- Klauser support in children -
DIGITAL
RADIOGRAPHY
BONE SCAN
OCCLUSAL
OCCLUSAL
RADIOGRAPHY
Allows you to study:
The teeth of a full arch
alveolar processes
The palate
Salivary glands
Indicated for:
Locate structures in the
anteroposterior plane (included
teeth, root remains, cysts...)
Diagnosis of tumors and fractures
Sialolithiasis of the gl. submandibular
OCCLUSAL
RADIOGRAPHY Movie
of
7.5x5.5cm
MAXILLARY OCCLUSAL
RADIOGRAPHY
- Technique -
Patient with the horizontal
occlusal plane (tragus-wing line)
7.5 x 5.5 cm film (adults)
3 x 4 cm film (children)
Oblique ray centered on the nasal
bone line – sixes
Beam at an angle of 75º with the
plate
MAXILLARY OCCLUSAL
RADIOGRAPHY
- Patient positioning and focus -
Incorrect
Correct
MAXILLARY OCCLUSAL
RADIOGRAPHY
- Patient positioning and focus -
MAXILLARY OCCLUSAL
RADIOGRAPHY
HEMIMAXILLARY OCCLUSAL
RADIOGRAPHY
- Patient positioning and focus -
HEMIMAXILLARY OCCLUSAL
RADIOGRAPHY
MANDIBULAR OCCLUSAL
RADIOGRAPHY- Technique -
Patient with head back
Ray centered on
interproximal of 5 and 6
Ray perpendicular to the
film (90º)
MANDIBULAR OCCLUSAL
RADIOGRAPHY
- Patient positioning and focus -
MANDIBULAR OCCLUSAL
RADIOGRAPHY
OCCLUSAL RADIOGRAPHY
HEMIMANDIBULAR
- Patient positioning and focus -
OCCLUSAL
RADIOGRAPHY
HEMIMANDIBULAR
ORTHOPANTERADIOGRAPHY
OVERVIEW: THE
ORTHOPANTOMOGRAPHIST
PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHY:
TECHNIQUE
PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHY
PANORAMIC RADIOGRAPHY :
INTERPRETATION
Figure 8.2 Scheme of a panoramic radiograph: 1. radiolucent zone of the na pits you go out, 2.
maxillary sinus, 3. condyle, 4. maxilla, 5. jaw angle, 6. inferior dental nerve, 7 . chin, 8. hyoid
bone, 9. dental organs of the jaw, 10. dental organs of the maxilla.
LATERAL SKULL RADIOGRAPHY: TECHNIQUE
LATERAL SKULL X-RAY
LATERAL SKULL RADIOGRAPHY:
CEPHALOMETRY
Cephalometric points
1. Nasion
2. Bolton Point
3. anterior nasal spine
4. Point B or supramental
5. Chin
6. Gonion
7. Articulate
8. Pterygomaxillary fissure
9. posterior nasal spine
10. Point A or subspinal
11. Turkish chair
