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Differential Equations Case Based Questions 1. in A College Hostel Accommodating 1000 Students, One of The Hostellers Came in

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The document contains a multi-part differential equations problem. It provides information about a virus spreading in a student hostel and asks questions to determine the rate of infection over time based on an initial number infected. It also provides a method for solving a certain type of differential equation and applies it to examples.

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Differential Equations Case Based Questions 1. in A College Hostel Accommodating 1000 Students, One of The Hostellers Came in

Uploaded by

stiwari638859
768 views3 pages
The document contains a multi-part differential equations problem. It provides information about a virus spreading in a student hostel and asks questions to determine the rate of infection over time based on an initial number infected. It also provides a method for solving a certain type of differential equation and applies it to examples.

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The document contains a multi-part differential equations problem. It provides information about a virus spreading in a student hostel and asks questions to determine the rate of infection over time based on an initial number infected. It also provides a method for solving a certain type of differential equation and applies it to examples.

Copyright:

© All Rights Reserved
Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as pdf or txt
768 views3 pages

Differential Equations Case Based Questions 1. in A College Hostel Accommodating 1000 Students, One of The Hostellers Came in

Uploaded by

stiwari638859
The document contains a multi-part differential equations problem. It provides information about a virus spreading in a student hostel and asks questions to determine the rate of infection over time based on an initial number infected. It also provides a method for solving a certain type of differential equation and applies it to examples.

Copyright:

© All Rights Reserved
Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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Differential Equations Case Based Questions

1. In a college hostel accommodating 1000 students, one of the hostellers came in


carrying Corona virus, and the hostel was isolated. The rate at which the virus spreads
is assumed to be proportional to the product of the number of infected students and
remaining students. There are 50 infected students after 4 days.

Based on the above information, attempt any 4 out of 5 subparts.


(i) If n(t) denote the number of students infected by Corona virus at any time t,
then maximum value of n(t) is
(a) 50 (b) 100 (c) 500 (d) 1000
𝑑𝑛
(ii) is proportional to
𝑑𝑡

(a) 𝑛(1000 − 𝑛) (b) 𝑛(100 + 𝑛)


(c) 𝑛(100 − 𝑛) (d) 𝑛(100 + 𝑛)
(iii) The value of n(4) is
(a) 1 (b) 50 (c) 100 (d) 1000
(iv) The most general solution of differential equation formed in given situation is
1 1000−𝑛 𝑛
(a) 1000 log ( ) = 𝜆𝑡 + 𝑐 (b) log (100−𝑛) = 𝜆𝑡 + 𝑐
𝑛
1 𝑛
(c) 1000 log (1000−𝑛) = 𝜆𝑡 + 𝑐 (d) None of these

(v) The value of n at any time is given by


1000 1000
(a) 𝑛(𝑡) = 1+999𝑒 −0.9906𝑡 (b) 𝑛(𝑡) = 1−999𝑒 −0.9906𝑡
100 100
(c) 𝑛(𝑡) = 1−99𝑒 −0.996𝑡 (d) 𝑛(𝑡) = 999+𝑒 1000𝑡

1
Solution

(i) (d): Since, maximum number of students in hostel is 1000 .


∴ Maximum value of 𝑛(𝑡) is 1000 .
(ii) (a): Clearly, according to given information,
𝑑𝑛
𝑑𝑡
= 𝜆𝑛(1000 − 𝑛), where 𝜆 is constant of proportionality.
(iii) (b): Since, 50 students are infected after 4 days.
∴ 𝑛(4) = 50.
𝑑𝑛
(iv) (c): We have, 𝑑𝑡 = 𝜆𝑛(1000 − 𝑛)
𝑑𝑛
⇒∫ = 𝜆∫ 𝑑𝑡
𝑛(1000 − 𝑛)

1 1 1
⇒ ∫( + ) 𝑑𝑛 = 𝜆∫ 𝑑𝑡
1000 1000 − 𝑛 𝑛
1 log (1000 − 𝑛)
⇒ [ + log 𝑛] = 𝜆𝑡 + 𝐶
1000 −1
1 𝑛
⇒ log ( ) = 𝜆𝑡 + 𝐶
1000 1000 − 𝑛
(v) (a): When, 𝑡 = 0, 𝑛 = 1
This condition is satisfied by option (a) only.

𝑑𝑦 𝑓(𝑥,𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 𝑦
2. If the equation is of the form 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑔(𝑥,𝑦) 𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑥 = 𝐹 (𝑑𝑥), where 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦), 𝑔(𝑥, 𝑦) are
𝑑𝑦
homogeneous functions of the same degree in x and y, then put y = vx and 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑣 +
𝑑𝑣
𝑥 𝑑𝑥, so that the dependent variable v and then apply variable separable method.

Based on the above information, answer the following questions.


𝑑𝑦
(i) Find the general solution of 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 .
𝑑𝑦
(ii) What is the solution of the differential equation 2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2 .

Solution

𝑑𝑦 𝑥 2 +𝑥𝑦+𝑦 2
(i) We have, 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥2
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑣
Put 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥 and =𝑣+𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2 2 2
𝑑𝑣 𝑥 + 𝑥 ⋅ 𝑣𝑥 + 𝑣 𝑥
∴ 𝑣+𝑥 = = 1 + 𝑣 + 𝑣2
𝑑𝑥 𝑥2
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑥
⇒𝑥 = 1 + 𝑣2 ⇒ ∫ 2
=∫ +𝑐
𝑑𝑥 1+𝑣 𝑥
𝑦
⇒ tan−1 𝑣 = log |𝑥| + 𝑐 ⇒ tan−1 = log |𝑥| + 𝑐
𝑥
(ii) We have,

2
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2
2𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2 ⇒ =
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2𝑥𝑦

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑣
Put 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥 and 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑣 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑣 𝑥 2 + 3𝑣 2 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑣 1 + 3𝑣 2
∴ 𝑣+𝑥 = ⇒ 𝑥 = −𝑣
𝑑𝑥 2𝑣𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 2𝑣
𝑑𝑣 1 + 𝑣 2 2𝑣 𝑑𝑥
⇒ 𝑥 = ⇒∫ 2
𝑑𝑣 = ∫ + log 𝑐
𝑑𝑥 2𝑣 1+𝑣 𝑥
⇒ log|1 + 𝑣 2 | = log|𝑥| + log|𝑐| ⇒ log|𝑣 2 + 1| = log|𝑥𝑐|
𝑦2
⇒ 𝑣 2 + 1 = 𝑥𝑐 ⇒ 2 + 1 = 𝑥𝑐 ⇒ 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑥 3 𝑐
𝑥

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