Cambridge International Examinations

Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level

*5604890866*

CHEMISTRY 9701/22
Paper 2 AS Level Structured Questions May/June 2018
 1 hour 15 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
Additional Materials: Data Booklet

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.

Electronic calculators may be used.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
A Data Booklet is provided.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 10 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

IB18 06_9701_22/6RP
© UCLES 2018 [Turn over
 2

Answer all the questions in the spaces provided.

1 Sodium and magnesium are the first two elements in the third period.

(a) S
 odium and magnesium both react with cold water to produce the same type of product in
solution. With sodium the solution is clear but with magnesium it appears cloudy.

(i) Write an equation for the reaction of magnesium with cold water.

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Suggest why the solution is cloudy after the reaction of magnesium with cold water.

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

(b) G
 roup 2 elements, including magnesium, react with oxygen and with dilute acids. There are
trends in both the physical and chemical properties of the elements and their compounds down
the group. Reactivity generally increases from Mg to Ba.

(i) Explain why there is a general increase in reactivity from Mg to Ba.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [2]

(ii) Give two observations for the reaction of magnesium with oxygen. Write an equation for
this reaction. Include state symbols.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

equation ...............................................................................................................................
[3]

(iii) Write an equation for the reaction of magnesium with sulfuric acid.

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

(iv)  uggest why there is a general decrease in the melting points of the elements down
S
Group 2.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [3]

 [Total: 11]

© UCLES 2018 9701/22/M/J/18

 3

2 Ammonium iron(II) sulfate, (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2, has a relative formula mass, Mr, of 284.

(a) Define the term relative formula mass.

.....................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) One of the cations in ammonium iron(II) sulfate is the ammonium ion, NH4+.

(i) Draw a ‘dot-and-cross’ diagram of an ammonium ion. Show outer shell electrons only.

Use × to show electrons from nitrogen.

Use ● to show electrons from hydrogen.

[2]

(ii) Suggest the shape of an ammonium ion and predict the bond angle.

shape ...................................................................................................................................

bond angle ...........................................................................................................................

[2]

(c) In aqueous solution the ammonium ion acts as a weak Brønsted-Lowry acid.

(i) Explain the meaning of the term weak Brønsted-Lowry acid.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [2]

(ii) Write an equation to show this behaviour of the ammonium ion in water. Include state
symbols.

........................................................................................................................................ [2]

© UCLES 2018 9701/22/M/J/18 [Turn over

 4

(d) Mohr's salt, (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2•xH2O, is the hydrated form of ammonium iron(II) sulfate.

x represents the number of moles of water in 1 mole of the salt.



A student wanted to determine the value of x. 0.784 g of the hydrated salt was dissolved in
water and this solution was acidified.

 ll of the solution was titrated with 0.0200 mol dm–3 potassium manganate(VII). 20.0 cm3 of this
A
potassium manganate(VII) solution was required for complete reaction with the Fe2+ ions.

(i) Use changes in oxidation numbers to balance the equation for the reaction taking place.

MnO4–(aq) + .....Fe2+(aq) + .....H+(aq) .....Mn2+(aq) + .....Fe3+(aq) + .....H2O(l)

[1]

(ii) State the role of the Fe2+ ions in this reaction.

Explain your answer.

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [2]

(iii) Calculate the amount, in moles, of manganate(VII) ions that reacted.

 amount = .............................. mol [1]

(iv) Calculate the amount, in moles, of Fe2+ ions in the sample of the salt.

 amount = .............................. mol [1]

© UCLES 2018 9701/22/M/J/18

 5

(v) Calculate the relative formula mass of (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2•xH2O.

 relative formula mass = .............................. [1]

(vi) Calculate the value of x.

 x = .............................. [1]

 [Total: 17]

© UCLES 2018 9701/22/M/J/18 [Turn over

 6

3 Most vehicle fuels contain hydrocarbons obtained from crude oil.

(a) (i)  tate the name of the type of reaction that hydrocarbons undergo when being used as
S
fuels.

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Write an equation for the reaction of octane, C8H18, as a fuel, as in (a)(i).

........................................................................................................................................ [2]

(b) T
 he supply of material suitable for use as fuels directly from crude oil is not sufficient to meet
demand. A process is carried out to make some of the larger hydrocarbon molecules more
useful.

(i) Name this process.

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

As well as producing fuels, this process produces compounds suitable for use in the production
of polymers. An example of such a compound is but-2-ene, CH3CH=CHCH3.

(ii) Draw the repeat unit of the polymer that is produced from but-2-ene.

[2]

(iii) Name the type of polymerisation that occurs during the production of the polymer in (ii).

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

© UCLES 2018 9701/22/M/J/18

 7

(c) G
 ases produced in internal combustion engines include carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen
such as NO2, and unburnt hydrocarbons.

These gases are removed from the exhaust before they can enter the atmosphere.

(i) State what is used to remove these gases from the exhaust.

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Write one equation to show how both carbon monoxide, CO, and nitrogen dioxide, NO2,
are removed from the exhaust.

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii)  tate the environmental consequence of allowing unburnt hydrocarbons to enter the
S
atmosphere.

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

(d) V
 ehicle fuels are treated to remove sulfur. If sulfur is present in a fuel when it is burned, SO2 is
produced and may be released into the atmosphere where it can form acid rain.

(i) Acid rain can contribute to breathing difficulties.

Identify two other consequences of acid rain in the atmosphere.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [2]

(ii) NO2 is involved in the production of acid rain from SO2.

Give two equations which describe how acid rain is formed by the action of NO2 with SO2.

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [2]

(iii) NO2 is described as a catalyst during this process.

Explain, with the use of an appropriate equation, why NO2 is described as a catalyst.

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [2]

 [Total: 16]

© UCLES 2018 9701/22/M/J/18 [Turn over

 8

4 
W is CH3COCH2CH3.

(a) The reaction between W and alkaline aqueous iodine produces a yellow precipitate.

(i) Give the name of the compound formed as a yellow precipitate in this reaction.

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Give the name of W.

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

(b) There are two structural isomers of W that are also carbonyl compounds.

Draw the structures of these two isomers of W.

[2]

Two reactions of W are shown.

reaction 1
CH3COCH2CH3 CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3
W
reaction 2

OH

H3C C CH2CH3

CN
X

(c) (i) Identify the type of reaction occurring in reaction 1.

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) Identify the reagent for reaction 1.

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

© UCLES 2018 9701/22/M/J/18

 9

(d) Reaction 2 is carried out by adding a mixture of HCN and NaCN to W.

The product, X, is formed as a mixture of two isomers.

(i) Complete the mechanism for this reaction.

Include the structure of the intermediate formed and all necessary charges, dipoles, lone
pairs and curly arrows.

O OH
W C CH3 H3C C CH2CH3
H 3C CH2
CN

CN– X
 [4]

(ii) State the name of the type of isomerism shown by X.

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii) Explain fully why X shows this type of isomerism.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [2]

Question 4 continues on page 10.

© UCLES 2018 9701/22/M/J/18 [Turn over

 10

(e) If X is treated with ammonia and the product hydrolysed, a compound, Y, is obtained that
contains 51.3% C, 9.40% H, 12.0% N and 27.3% O by mass.

(i) Show that the empirical formula of Y is C5H11NO2.

[2]

(ii) The empirical formula of Y is C5H11NO2 and the Mr of Y is 117.

Deduce the molecular formula of Y. You must explain your reasoning.

molecular formula = ..............................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................
[1]

 [Total: 16]

© UCLES 2018 9701/22/M/J/18

 11

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2018 9701/22/M/J/18

 12

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable
effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will
be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.

Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2018 9701/22/M/J/18