The document discusses the key processes involved in water treatment plants. It describes screening, which removes large solid objects from wastewater. Aeration brings water and air in contact to remove dissolved gases and oxidize chemicals. Flocculation uses slow mixing to bring small particles together into larger clumps. Sedimentation uses gravity to remove suspended solids. Filtration and disinfection remove remaining particles and microorganisms. Softening removes ions that cause hard water. The plant is capable of removing contaminants in a cost effective manner.
The document discusses the key processes involved in water treatment plants. It describes screening, which removes large solid objects from wastewater. Aeration brings water and air in contact to remove dissolved gases and oxidize chemicals. Flocculation uses slow mixing to bring small particles together into larger clumps. Sedimentation uses gravity to remove suspended solids. Filtration and disinfection remove remaining particles and microorganisms. Softening removes ions that cause hard water. The plant is capable of removing contaminants in a cost effective manner.
The document discusses the key processes involved in water treatment plants. It describes screening, which removes large solid objects from wastewater. Aeration brings water and air in contact to remove dissolved gases and oxidize chemicals. Flocculation uses slow mixing to bring small particles together into larger clumps. Sedimentation uses gravity to remove suspended solids. Filtration and disinfection remove remaining particles and microorganisms. Softening removes ions that cause hard water. The plant is capable of removing contaminants in a cost effective manner.
The document discusses the key processes involved in water treatment plants. It describes screening, which removes large solid objects from wastewater. Aeration brings water and air in contact to remove dissolved gases and oxidize chemicals. Flocculation uses slow mixing to bring small particles together into larger clumps. Sedimentation uses gravity to remove suspended solids. Filtration and disinfection remove remaining particles and microorganisms. Softening removes ions that cause hard water. The plant is capable of removing contaminants in a cost effective manner.
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WATER TREATMENT PLANT
INTRODUCTION
o Water treatment is the option of removing containments from
wastewater ad household water. o It includes physical chemical & biological process to remove physical, chemical & biological containments. IMPORTANCE OF WATER TREATMENT PLANT
• Screening • Aeration IMPORTANCE OF WATER TREATMENT PLANT
• Flocculation • Sedimentation IMPORTANCE OF WATER TREATMENT PLANT
• Filtration • Disinfection IMPORTANCE OF WATER TREATMENT PLANT
• Softening Screening
• Screening is the first unit operation used at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). • Screening removes objects such as rags, paper, plastics, and metals to prevent damage and clogging of downstream equipment, piping, and appurtenances. • Some modern wastewater treatment plants use both coarse screens and fine screens. • Figure depicts a typical bar screen (a type of coarse screen). Aeration
• Aeration brings water and air in close contact in order to remove dissolved gases (such as carbon dioxide) and oxidizes dissolved metals such as iron, hydrogen sulfide, and volatile organic chemicals (VOCs). • Aeration is often the first major process at the treatment plant. During aeration, constituents are removed or modified before they can interfere with the treatment processes • The efficiency of aeration depends on the amount of surface contact between air and water, which is controlled primarily by the size of the water drop or air bubble. Flocculation
• The water flows into a tank with paddles that provide slow mixing and bring the small particles together to form larger particles called flocs. • Mixing is done quite slowly and gently in the flocculation step. Sedimentation
• Sedimentation is a physical water treatment process using gravity to remove suspended
solids from water. • Solid particles entrained by the turbulence of moving water may be removed naturally by sedimentation in the still water of lakes and oceans. Filtration
• Filtration is a process that removes particles from suspension in water.
• In water treatment they tend to be used at the inlet to the treatment system to exclude large objects (e.g. leaves, fish, and coarse detritus). • These may be manually or mechanically scraped bar screens. Disinfection
• Water disinfection means the removal, deactivation or killing of pathogenic
microorganisms. • Microorganisms are destroyed or deactivated, resulting in termination of growth and reproduction. • When microorganisms are not removed from drinking water, drinking water usage will cause people to fall ill. Softening
• Water softening is a technique that serves the removal of the ions that cause the water to be hard, in most cases calcium and magnesium ions. • Iron ions may also be removed during softening. • A water softener is a unit that is used to soften water, by removing the minerals that cause the water to be hard Advantages of water treatment plant
•Capable of removing 97% of suspended
solids •Biological nitrification without adding chemicals •Oxidation and nitration achieved •Biological phosphorous removal •Solids and liquids separation •Removes organics •Cost effective •Easily maintained mechanical work •Self sustaining system
