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Helpful Drugs by Class Cheat Sheet

Analgesics (opioids) can cause sedation, confusion, nausea, vomiting, agitation, decreased blood pressure, and decreased respiration. Nurses should check vital signs before administration and withhold the drug if respiratory rate is below 12 or blood pressure is below 100/60. Antihypertensives lower blood pressure and pulse. Nurses should check vital signs before administration and hold the drug if blood pressure is below 100/60 or pulse is below 60. Anti-infectives can cause allergic reactions, direct toxicity, and superinfections. Nurses should check for allergies and watch for cross-sensitivities between drug classes like penicillins and cephalospor

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57 views2 pages

Helpful Drugs by Class Cheat Sheet

Analgesics (opioids) can cause sedation, confusion, nausea, vomiting, agitation, decreased blood pressure, and decreased respiration. Nurses should check vital signs before administration and withhold the drug if respiratory rate is below 12 or blood pressure is below 100/60. Antihypertensives lower blood pressure and pulse. Nurses should check vital signs before administration and hold the drug if blood pressure is below 100/60 or pulse is below 60. Anti-infectives can cause allergic reactions, direct toxicity, and superinfections. Nurses should check for allergies and watch for cross-sensitivities between drug classes like penicillins and cephalospor

Uploaded by

tflannigan32
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CLASSIFICATION MAJOR SIDE EFFECTS NURSING ACTIONS

Analgesics (opioid) Sedation, confusion, nausea and Check BP and resp before giving;
vomiting, agitation, decrease BP, do not give if resp below 12 or if
decrease respiration, dependence BP below 100/60; keep rails up;
give with food or antiemetic if
causes nausea
Antihypertensives Decrease BP and decrease P Check BP and P before giving;
hold if BP below 100/60 or P
below 60

Anti-infectives Allergic hypersensitivity; direct Check allergies before giving; be


(antibiotics) toxicity; superinfection alert to cross-over sensitivities
(penicillin and cephalosporins);
culture blood or wound before
giving drug

Tetracycline Calcium and iron decrease Do not administer within 3 hours


absorption of ingestion of dairy food, iron,
and antacids
NSAIDS GI ulcers and bleeding, tinnitus, Give with food; watch for occult or
HA, hematuria, rash frank bleeding

Diuretics

Non-potassium sparing Hypokalemia; hypotension, Check K levels before giving;


tachycardia; dehydration monitor BP and P; monitor I&O;
teach high potassium foods to eat

Potassium sparing Hyperkalemia; dehydration Teach patient to avoid high


potassium foods; monitor K levels;
monitor I&O
Insulin Hypoglycemia; irritability; Check fingerstick blood sugar
tremors; HA; convulsions level before giving; watch for
reactions at peak times, causing
FSBS to drop

Laxatives Diarrhea; dehydration; cramping Check when patient had last BM


before giving

Common Cardiac Medications


ACE Inhibitors Used to reduce high blood pressure. Helps to increase
Accupril, lisinopril, captopril the "pumping strength" of the heart muscle.

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers


Losartan, Olmesartan,
Telmisartan,
Valsartan,
Beta Blockers May be prescribed for several reasons:
Atenolol, metoprolol, carvedilol To slow a rapid heart beat
To prevent and treat the rapid, abnormal heartbeats that
may occur after cardiac surgery
To treat angina (it slows the heart rate, reducing the
need for oxygen).
These medications may lower blood pressure slightly
Calcium Channel Blockers Helps to get rid of extra fluid that may accumulate after
Amlodipine surgery or as a result of a heart condition.

Used to
help reduce high blood pressure.
diltiazem

Diuretics Helps to get rid of extra fluid that may accumulate after
surgery or as a result of a heart condition. Also used to
help reduce high blood pressure.

Potassium-sparing

Spironolactone Potassium-wasting

Furosemide, HCTZ

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