M1.

(a) uniform width peaks ✓ (accurate to within ± one division)

peaks need to be rounded ie not triangular
the minima do not need to be exactly zero

a collection of peaks of constant amplitude or amplitude decreasing away from

central peak ✓
pattern must look symmetrical by eye
condone errors towards the edge of the pattern
double width centre peak total mark = 0
2

(b) (i) constant / fixed / same phase relationship / difference (and same
frequency / wavelength) ✓
in phase is not enough for the mark
1

(ii) single slit acts as a point / single source diffracting / spreading light to
both slits ✓
OR
the path lengths between the single slit and the double slits are constant
/ the same / fixed ✓
1

(iii) superposition of waves from two slits ✓

phrase ‘constructive superposition’ = 2 marks

diffraction (patterns) from both slits overlap (and interfere constructively)

✓ (this mark may come from a diagram)

constructive interference / reinforcement (at bright fringe)

peaks meet peaks / troughs meet troughs ✓ (any reference to antinode
will lose this mark)

waves from each slit meet in phase

OR path difference = n λ ✓
4 max 3

(c) (i) D= = ✓ do not penalise any incorrect powers

Page 2
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
 of ten for this mark
= 0.5 (m) ✓ (0.4938 m)
numbers can be substituted into the equation using any form
note 0.50 m is wrong because of a rounding error
full marks available for answer only
2

(ii) fringes further apart or fringe / pattern has a greater width / is wider ✓
ignore any incorrect reasoning
changes to green is not enough for mark
1

(iii) increase D ✓
measure across more than 2 maxima ✓
several / few implies more than two

added detail which includes ✓

explaining that when D is increased then w increases
Or
repeat the reading with a changed distance D or using different numbers
of fringes or measuring across different pairs of (adjacent) fringes
Or
explaining how either of the first two points improves / reduces the
percentage error.
no mark for darkened room
3
[13]

M2.(a) 2.9% ✓
Allow 3%
1

(b) seen ✓
1

0.29 mm or 2.9 x 10-4 m✓ must see 2 sf only

1

(c) ± 0.01 mm ✓
1

Page 3
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
 (d) Clear indication that at least 10 spaces have been measured to give a
spacing = 5.24 mm✓
spacing from at least 10 spaces
Allow answer within range ±0.05
1

(e) Substitution in d sinθ = nλ✓

The 25 spaces could appear here as n with sin θ as 0.135 /
2.5
1

d = 0.300 x 10 m so
-3

number of lines = 3.34 x103✓

Condone error in powers of 10 in substitution
Allow ecf from 1-4 value of spacing
1

(f) Calculates % difference (4.6%) ✓

1

and makes judgement concerning agreement ✓

Allow ecf from 1-5 value
1

(g) care not to look directly into the laser beam✓

OR
care to avoid possibility of reflected laser beam ✓
OR
warning signs that laser is in use outside the laboratory✓
ANY ONE
1
[10]

M3.C
[1]

Page 4
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
M4.(a) Suitable experiment eg diffraction through a door / out of a pipe ✓
1

(b) Using c = d / t

t = 2 500 / 480 = 5.2 s ✓

1

(c) (Measured time is difference between time taken by light and time taken by
sound)

Calculation assumes that light takes no time to reach observer, ie speed is

infinite ✓
Do not allow “could not know speed of light”
1

(d) Sound from gun is a mixture of frequencies. ✓

Alternative for 1st mark ‘(so speed is independent of
frequency) the sound of the gun is similar when close and far
away’
1

All the sound reaches observer at the same time, ✓

1

(e) More accurate, as it is closer to the accepted value. ✓

1

(f) When θ = 0 °C c = 331.29 m s –1

Therefore

331.29 = k √273.15 ✓

k = 20.045 ✓
1

Page 5
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
 (g) The method and value are published ✓
1

other scientists repeat the experiment using the same method ✓

1
[10]

M5.D
[1]

M6.A
[1]

M7.(a) one of:

(spectral) analysis of light from stars
(analyse) composition of stars
chemical analysis
measuring red shift \ rotation of stars ✓

insufficient answers:
‘observe spectra’, ‘spectroscopy’, ‘view absorption \ emission spectrum’,
‘compare spectra’, ‘look at light from stars’.
Allow : measuring wavelength or frequency from a named
source of light
Allow any other legitimate application that specifies the
source of light. E.g.
absorbtion \ emission spectra in stars,
‘observe spectra of materials’
1

(b) (i) first order beam

first order spectrum
first order image
✓
Allow ‘n = 1’ , ‘1’ , ‘one’, 1st
1

Page 6
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
 (ii) the light at A will appear white (and at B there will be a spectrum)
OR greater intensity at A ✓
1

(c) ( d = 1 / (lines per mm × 103)

= 6.757 × 10−7 (m) OR 6.757 × 10−4 (mm) ✓

( nλ = d sin θ )
= 6.757 × 10−7 × sin 51.0 ✓ ecf only for :
• incorrect power of ten in otherwise correct calculation of d
• use of d = 1480, 1.48, 14.8 (etc)
• from incorrect order in bii

= 5.25 × 10−7 (m) ✓ ecf only for :

• incorrect power of ten in otherwise correct d
• from incorrect order in bii
Some working required for full marks. Correct answer only
gets 2
Power of 10 error in d gets max 2
For use of d in mm, answer =
5.25 × 10−4 gets max 2
n = 2 gets max 2 unless ecf from bii
use of d = 1480 yields wavelength of 1150m
3

(d) n = d (sin90) / λ OR n = 6.757 × 10−7 / 5.25 × 10−7 ✓ ecf both numbers from
c

= 1.29 so no more beams observed ✓ or answer consistent with their working

OR

2 = d (sinθ) / λ OR sinθ = 2 × 5.25 × 10 −7 / 6.757 × 10−7 ✓ ecf both numbers

from c

sinθ = 1.55 (so not possible to calculate angle) so no more beams ✓

OR sin−1(2 × (their λ / their d) ) ✓

(not possible to calculate) so no more beams ✓ ecf
Accept 1.28, 1.3
Second line gets both marks
Conclusion consistent with working
2
[8]

Page 7
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
 Page 8
PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com