This document describes an experiment to design and study monostable and bistable multi-vibrators using a 555 timer IC. The objectives are to build monostable and bistable multi-vibrator circuits using specific resistor and capacitor components. The procedures involve configuring the circuits, calculating expected pulse durations, observing output waveforms on an oscilloscope, and comparing observed and calculated pulse durations for the monostable circuit. Diagrams of the monostable and bistable circuit designs are provided along with descriptions of their operations.
This document describes an experiment to design and study monostable and bistable multi-vibrators using a 555 timer IC. The objectives are to build monostable and bistable multi-vibrator circuits using specific resistor and capacitor components. The procedures involve configuring the circuits, calculating expected pulse durations, observing output waveforms on an oscilloscope, and comparing observed and calculated pulse durations for the monostable circuit. Diagrams of the monostable and bistable circuit designs are provided along with descriptions of their operations.
This document describes an experiment to design and study monostable and bistable multi-vibrators using a 555 timer IC. The objectives are to build monostable and bistable multi-vibrator circuits using specific resistor and capacitor components. The procedures involve configuring the circuits, calculating expected pulse durations, observing output waveforms on an oscilloscope, and comparing observed and calculated pulse durations for the monostable circuit. Diagrams of the monostable and bistable circuit designs are provided along with descriptions of their operations.
This document describes an experiment to design and study monostable and bistable multi-vibrators using a 555 timer IC. The objectives are to build monostable and bistable multi-vibrator circuits using specific resistor and capacitor components. The procedures involve configuring the circuits, calculating expected pulse durations, observing output waveforms on an oscilloscope, and comparing observed and calculated pulse durations for the monostable circuit. Diagrams of the monostable and bistable circuit designs are provided along with descriptions of their operations.
Experiment 9 Objective: To design and study the operation of multi-vibrators using 555 timer IC.
Components Required: IC 555 timer, Resistors (1KΩ×2, 10KΩ×2, 2.7KΩ), Variable resistor (10KΩ), Capacitors (0.01uF, 0.047uF, 0.1uF, 1uF), and Diodes IN 4148×2.
Part 2: Monostable Multi-vibrator
Monostable multivibrator often called a one shot multivibrator is a pulse generating circuit I which duration of this pulse is determined by RC network connected externally to the 555 timer. In a stable or standby state, the output of the circuit is approximately zero or logic low level. when external trigger pulse is applied (see circuit diagram) output is forced to go high. The time for which output remains high is determined by the external RC network connected to the timer. At the end of timing interval, the output automatically reverts to its logic low stable state. The output stays low until trigger pulse is again applied. Then the cycle repeats. The monostable circuit has only one stable state (output low) hence the name monostable. Initially when the circuit is in stable state i.e, when the output is low, transistor Q in IC 555 is ON and capacitor C is shorted out to ground. Upon the application of negative trigger pulse to pin 2, transistor Q is turned OFF, which releases the short circuit across the external capacitor and drives the output high. The capacitor C now starts charging up towards VCC through R. when voltage across capacitor equals 2/3 VCC, the upper comparator’s (see schematic of IC 555) output switches from low to high, which in turn derives the output to its low state via the output of the flip flop. At the same time the output of the flip flop turns transistor Q ON and hence the capacitor C rapidly discharges through the transistor. The output of monostable remains low until the trigger pulse is again applied. Then the cycle repeats. The pulse width of the trigger must be smaller than the expected pulse width of output waveform. Also, the trigger pulse must be a negative going input signal with amplitude larger than 1/3 VCC (why?). The pulse width can be calculated as (How?): T= 1.1 R.C. Once triggered, the circuit’s output will remain in the high state until the set time ‘T’ elapses. The output will not change its state even if an input trigger is applied again during this time interval. The circuit can be reset during the timing cycle by applying negative pulse to the reset terminal. Name: Muhammad Ali Mohsin Roll No: 2018-EE-69
The output will remain in low state until a trigger is again applied. The circuit is designed as shown in circuit diagram, the left part of which shows how to generate a negative trigger pulse from square wave signal.
Procedure: 1. Configure the circuit as per the circuit diagram. 2. Use R1=1KΩ, RA= 2.7KΩ, RL=1KΩ, CT= 1uF, CD= 0.047uF, C=0.01uF, and Vcc=10V. 3. Compute the expected values of pulse duration. 4. Apply square wave input of frequency 1KHz at terminal N of circuit diagram. 5. Connect the output terminal (pin 3) to channel 1 of oscilloscope. Also feed the voltage across capacitor to channel 2. 6. Power on the circuit. Determine the values of pulse duration from your simulated design observations and compare with theoretical values. Name: Muhammad Ali Mohsin Roll No: 2018-EE-69
Circuit Diagram: Name: Muhammad Ali Mohsin Roll No: 2018-EE-69
Output waveform and Capacitor waveform.
Parameters Calculated value Observed value Error
(ms) (ms) Pulse duration 2.97 2.96 0.01% Name: Muhammad Ali Mohsin Roll No: 2018-EE-69
Part 3: Bistable Multi-vibrator
In this circuits, the output is stable in both states. The states are switched using an external trigger but unlike the monostable multi-vibrators it does not return to its original state. Another trigger is needed for this to happen. This operation is similar to a flip flop. There are no RC timing network and hence no design parameters. The following circuit can be used to design a bistable multivibrator. The trigger and reset inputs (pin 2 and 4 respectively on 555) are held high via pull- up resistor while the threshold input (pin6) is simply grounded. Thus configured, pulling the trigger momentarily to ground acts as a ‘set’ and transitions the output pin (pin 3) to Vcc (high state). Pulling the threshold input to Vcc acts as ‘reset’ and transitions the output pin to ground (low state). No capacitors are required in Bistable configuration.
Procedure: 1. Configure the circuit as per the circuit diagram. 2. Use RA=RB= 10KΩ, RL=1KΩ, C1= 1uF, C2= 0.01uF, and Vcc=10V. 3. Power on your circuit. 4. Connect the point F to ground momentarily. This will set the output Q in the oscilloscope to 1 or HIGH level. This state will be permanently stable state and the operation is called “SET”. 5. Connect the point G to VCC momentarily. This will set the output Q in the oscilloscope to 0 or LOW level. This is called “RESET” operation. Name: Muhammad Ali Mohsin Roll No: 2018-EE-69
6. Connect the output terminal (pin 3) to channel 1 of oscilloscope. Also feed the
