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Lecture 3

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33 views6 pages

Lecture 3

Uploaded by

Luke
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Probability Definitions Sample Space S => It is te wt of al poss ible dutcomes of an Experiment . Exam ples of Some experiments ! wo Throwing a fair die Sample Space s= 012,34, 5,6} (2) Tossing a fair on Somple Space S= [Head, Taild An event is a Subset or equal to the sample Space S of an experiment . Exam ple : Gansiceer He experiment of throwing atair die. Define Some. events : A= cxent of obtaining an even number B = event of obtaining gn odd number C= event of obtaining Q prime number List he elements of the sample Space and the events and represent On a Venn Diagram. S= £),2,5% 5,6} Az {2,46} , B-{,3,53, C= {2.3.55 Ss = Sample Spores A and B are disjoint sets sine ANB = i} A fae (unbiased) experiment is one in which all the possible outcomes are equally likely to occur. Eg Throwing a fair die Sa fi, 2,54 % of} Equally likely cuttomes pl. = pl) =p@= pH = p@ =p - + For any experiment , the sum of probabil tes of all possible outcomes Is 1. => dfs pea = 1 Se, pl) +p@ +p@+pe) +p@) +p@ = 4 I > 6az=1 35 aes + In fact , for a fair experiment | the probability of 1 where ary possible outame & given by (3) n® = aardinal number of all the poosille ° dees a tir coin | utcomes . Sinularly, if we Gam ple Space S= Path pth) = pit) = & Sumof all pro babilties is 4. So, pt) + pT = 4 > 2a=t BS A + Types of events ( Mutually Exclusive Events “lwo events A and B ere mutually exclusive, if they annot happen simul taneous ly => ANB = £3 1% Interecton A AND 8 p(AnB) = © Eg Threw a Kir dic - A Seven pumbert B= odd number} Sampe Space S= €1, 2,3, 4,5, é} A= {24,64 and B= 51,3,54 © No inbergee BON > Disjoi (D Mutually Exhaustive Events Events A and 6 are matvally exhaust make upthe sample Sprse_- = AUB=S 3 AvB = 23 U4 UNION pus) = 9 AUB = AOR B (ml) Inclependent Events Events A and B Gre inckpendent if the cutee of one event does not depend on the outcome of the ober event . Eg Thew a fair die 2 times | Define events A ard B os folloue: wt sets ve. if Hey A = event f obtaining asix on-he first thow B = event of obtaining asix on the gecond throw Nand B are independent events sine pe does vot depend on pla) Eg. Tess 9 fair win 2tmes A = event of obtaining a head on He first tess B= event of obtaining a head on Ye seco toss p(A) does not dlepend on p(B) and also pladdes not de pened on pA) ; So Nand B are independent events . Goneider a box conta ining 5 Red and S Blue balk. Gace 1 Two Lalls are drawn from the Lox with ceplecenett \ = event of drawing q red ball in the first draw B = event of dlrawing | ball in te eeecond drow. With replace mest => |nitial corelitionS are the Sore St rey > Box contains S Red and 5 Ave falls ad draw =» Box contains S Red and S Bloe balle, pdj= & and ple) = 3 Events Aand B are independent events , Gse 2. Two balls are drawn fom the box, with replacement A= event of drawing Q Red ball i» te Btdraw Be event of drawing a Red ball fa the od draw jst drow => Box contains 5 Red and 5 Ble balls pA) = = afd draw => Box contains 9 balls ) ne of red and no of ble dependert on jst draw . 9 halls ~~ Red and 5 Blue Hf kde is Red sed and 4 Blue dom isbe So, the probability of drawing a ed ball Inthe a4 draw will be ck pendent on the outcome of Ye st draw . Without replacement > Bats Aad 8B are deperdent events .

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