Grammar ) 6 ‫ ( وراب ص‬1‫لٕاعذ ثايٍ انٕحذة األٔىل جضء‬

The present simple tense ‫سيٍ املضارع انبظيط‬

‫دمائك‬ٚ ‫ٌسرخذً صٍِ اىَضاسع اىثسٍظ ىيحذٌث ػِ ػاداخ‬ / ‫االطتخذاو‬

/ ٍ‫تكٕيٍ انشي‬
He - she - it ً‫ فؼ‬+ s / es

:‫يالحظت‬
: ‫ فً اىحاالخ اىراىٍح‬es ‫ّضغ ىيفؼو‬

es ‫ } ّضغ فً ّٖاٌح اىفؼو‬sh - o - ch – x - ss { ‫إرا اّرًٖ اىفؼو تأحذ اىحشٗف اىراىٍح‬

He goes - Salwa washes - She watches - Mum mixes - Omar misses

I - we - they - you ‫فؼً ِجشد‬

: ‫يالحظت‬
.‫ أي ٕ٘ اىفؼو اىَضاسع تذُٗ اضافاخ‬ing ٚ‫ أ‬ed ٗ‫ أ‬es ٗ‫ أ‬s ُٗ‫ ٕ٘ اىفؼو تذ‬: ‫اٌفؼً اٌّجشد‬

: ٍ‫انكهًاث انذانت عهي انشي‬

always – sometimes – often – usually – never – ever – every

: ‫يالحظت‬

. ‫ ىيَفشد‬doesn't ٗ ‫ ىيجَغ‬don't 
. ‫ ٌأذً فؼو ٍجشد تذُٗ أي إضافاخ‬doesn't ٗ don't ‫ تؼذ‬
: ‫أيثهت‬
1.They talk on the phone every week. 2.Sami always goes online in the evening.

3.Grandma lives in Jenin. 4.We sometimes go to the sea in summer.

5. I usually pray at the mosque . 6. Mum doesn't make a cake . 1

 Question in the present simple ‫انظؤال يف املضارع انبظيط‬
‫ ٔرثغ اٌماػذج اٌراٌٍح ِغ‬Make a question ‫طٍة ِٕه ػًّ سؤاي‬ٚ ‫إرا أذد جٍّح فً اٌّضاسع اٌثسٍظ‬
. you ًٌ‫ا ا‬ٌٙٛ‫ ٔذ‬I ْ‫االٔرثاٖ أ‬
/ ‫انماعذة‬

‫أداج سؤاي‬ + do / does + ً‫اٌفاػ‬ + ‫ فؼً ِجشد‬+ ‫? ذىٍّح‬

/ ‫يثال‬
1. I go to school every day . ( Make a question )
Where do you go every day ?

2. Hani plays football in the evening . ( Make a question )

When does Hani play football ?
ً
Stative verbs / ‫يالحظت ْايت جذا‬
ً‫ ) ٘زٖ األفؼاي ذأذً دائّا ً ف‬Stative verbs ‫س‬ٛ‫ػح ِٓ األفؼاي ذسًّ ( أفؼاي اٌشؼ‬ّٛ‫ ٕ٘ان ِج‬
‫ واْ ٕ٘ان‬ٌٛ ً‫ در‬، ing ‫ا‬ٌٙ ‫ال ذأذً أتذاً فً صِٓ اٌّضاسع اٌّسرّش أي ال ٔضغ‬ٚ ‫صِٓ اٌّضاسع اٌثسٍظ‬
.‫وٍّاخ دالٌٍح ػًٍ صِٓ اٌّضاسع اٌّسرّش‬
: ً٘ ‫← ٘زٖ األفؼاي‬
love * like * hate * dislike * prefer * want * need
mean * know * understand * remember * look * smell
taste * sound * seem * believe * think * hear

/ ‫أيثهت‬
1. Look! Sami ( loves – is loving ) this book.
2. I ( hate - am hating ) to leave now.
3. She ( is preferring - prefers ) to drink tea at the moment.
4. We ( are understanding - understand ) hurricanes better now.
5. She ( is wanting – wants ) to buy a car now .
2
 The present continuous tense ‫سيٍ املضارع املظتًز‬

‫ فً ٘زٖ اٌٍذظح‬ٚ َْ‫ ٔشاط ) ٌمغ ا‬ٚ‫ ٌسرخذَ صِٓ اٌّضاسع اٌّسرّش ٌٍذذٌس ػٓ ( ػًّ أ‬/ ‫االطتخذاو‬

/ ٍ‫تكٕيٍ انشي‬

I am + ً‫فؼ‬ + ing
/ ‫يثال‬
 I am playing ( play ) tennis now .

he - she - it is + ً‫ فؼ‬+ ing

/ ‫يثال‬
 Mum is using ( use ) the phone in the kitchen now.

 Sami is chatting ( chat ) to his friends online at the moment.

 Look ! she is singing ( sing ) .

we - they - you are + ً‫ فؼ‬+ ing

/ ‫يثال‬
 Listen ! We are reading ( read ).
 Sami and Huda are studying ( study ) these days .
 Nadia and her family are living ( live ) in London at the moment.
 Look ! The children are playing ( play ) football .

:ٍ‫انكهًاث انذانت عهى انشي‬

now - at the moment - look ! - listen ! - these days

: ‫تذكز‬

on ‫ قثو أٌاً األسث٘ع ّضغ حشف اىجش‬-2 at ‫ قثو اىساػح ّضغ حشف اىجش‬-1
on Friday - on Sunday / at five o'clock - at two o'clock
3
 Grammar ) 11 ‫ ( كتاب ص‬1 ‫لٕاعذ ثايٍ انٕحذة انثاَيت جشء‬

Stative verbs ‫أفعال انشعٕر‬

ً
. ‫نُتذكز يعا يا ْي أفعال احلٕاص ٔانشعٕر ٔاإلدران‬. ‫ْذِ األفعال طبك شزحٓا يف انٕحذة األٔىل‬

، ‫ًٕ ٍجَ٘ػح ٍِ األفؼاه ذأذً دائَا ً فً صٍِ اىَضاسع اىثسٍظ ٗال ذأذً أتذاً فً صٍِ اىَضاسع اىَسرَش‬
look! ٗ‫ أ‬at the moment ٗ‫ أ‬now ‫حرً ى٘ ماُ ْٕاك ميَاخ داىح ػيى صٍِ اىَضاسع اىَسرَش ٍثو‬
( ing ‫ا‬ٌٙ ‫ ( ٌؼٕى تاخرظاس أتذاً ال ٔضٍف‬. listen! ٗ‫أ‬

: ً٘ ‫← ٘زٖ األفؼاي‬

love * like * hate * dislike * prefer * want *

need mean * know * understand * remember * look

* smell taste * sound * seem * believe *

: ‫تذكز سيٍ املضارع انبظيط‬

He - she - it ً‫ فؼ‬+ s / es

I - we - they - you ‫فؼً ِجشد‬

: ‫أيثهت انكتاب‬

1. This sfeeha looks good.

2. The kebabs smell delicious.

3. The kebabs taste delicious, too.

4. That drum music sounds great.

5. You seem to know about the ’oud.

4
 ً
: ‫اَتبّ جيذا نبعض اطتخذاياث أفعال احلٕاص‬

look feel seem smell taste sound

ً‫ش اٌخاسج‬ٙ‫اٌّظ‬ ‫س‬ٛ‫شؼ‬ ‫ِشاػش ػٓ اٌغٍش‬ ) َ‫سائذح ( طؼا‬ ( َ‫ِزاق ) طؼا‬ )‫خ ( ػضف‬ٛ‫ط‬

‫أيثهت انكتاب‬

1. They look beautiful . 2. I feel hot .

3. She seems sad . 4. That smells delicious.

5. This tastes fantastic. 6. It sounds terrible .

Expressing ability ‫ تعبرياث انمذرة ٔاالطتطاعت‬/ 2 ‫لٕاعذ‬

can ‫ٌسرطٍغ‬ - can't ( cannot ) ‫ال ٌسرطٍغ‬

.
can َ‫لد اٌذاضش ٔسرخذ‬ٌٛ‫اٌمٍاَ تٗ فً ا‬ٚ ٍّٗ‫ دٍٓ ٔرذذز ػٓ شًء ٔسرطٍغ ػ‬-1

I can make kebabs. I can swim fast .

. can't َ‫لد اٌذاضش ٔسرخذ‬ٌٛ‫اٌمٍاَ تٗ فً ا‬ٚ ٍّٗ‫ دٍٓ ٔرذذز ػٓ شًء ال ٔسرطٍغ ػ‬-2

I can't cook a big meal . I can't play tennis .

could ‫اسرطاع‬ - couldn't ( could not ) ‫ٌُ ٌسرطغ‬

. could َ‫اٌمٍاَ تٗ فً اٌّاضً ٔسرخذ‬ٚ ٍّٗ‫ دٍٓ ٔرذذز ػٓ شًء وٕا ٔسرطٍغ ػ‬-1

I could play quite well when I was young .

. couldn't َ‫اٌمٍاَ تٗ فً اٌّاضً ٔسرخذ‬ٚ ٍّٗ‫ دٍٓ ٔرذذز ػٓ شًء ٌُ ٔسرطٍغ ػ‬-2

I couldn't drive a car when I was 14 .

I could not (couldn’t) find time to play last week . 5

 ‫ً‬
‫يالحظت ْايت جذا ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -1‬تؼذ ‪ can‬أٗ ‪ could - can't‬أٗ ‪ٌ couldn't‬أذً فؼو ٍجشد تذُٗ ‪. ing – s – es – ed‬‬

‫‪ -2‬ػْذ اسرخذاً ‪ could‬أٗ ‪ٌ couldn't‬جة أُ ذنُ٘ اىجَيح فً اىَاضً ‪ ٍِٗ ،‬اىنيَاخ اىذاىح ػيً‬
‫اىَاضً ( ‪. ) was - were - last - yesterday - at the / that age‬‬

‫‪ّ can‬ضغ فً اىفشاؽ اىَطي٘ب ‪. can't‬‬ ‫‪ -3‬إرا أذد جَيح ٗفً أٗىٖا‬

‫‪ -4‬إرا أذد جَيح ٗفً أٗىٖا ‪ّ could‬ضغ فً اىفشاؽ اىَطي٘ب ‪. couldn't‬‬

‫‪ -5‬إرا ىٌ ٌأذً ال ‪ٗ can‬ال ‪ٌ couldn't‬جة أُ ّقشأ اىجَيح ّٗحذد إرا ماّد فً اىَاضً ( ٌؼًْ فٍٖا‬
‫ميَاخ ذذه ػيى اىَاضً ) أٗ اىحاضش ثٌ ّحذد ٍارا س٘ف ّضغ مَا ششحْا ساتقا ً ‪.‬‬

‫لٕاعذ ثايٍ انٕحذة انثاَيت جشء‪ ( 2‬كتاب ص ‪Grammar ) 23‬‬

‫‪used to‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫فعم جمزد‬

‫ذسرخذً قاػذج ‪ used to‬ىيرؼثٍش ػِ أشٍاء مْا ّفؼيٖا َّٗاسسٖا تشنو ٍرنشس فً اىَاضً ‪ ،‬ىنِ األُ ىٌ‬
‫ّؼذ ّفؼيٖا ) ذ‪ٛ‬لفٕا ػٓ اٌمٍاَ ت‪ٙ‬ا ) ‪.‬‬
‫شزح انماعذة ‪:‬‬
‫‪ٌ ‬جة أُ ٌأذً تؼذ ‪ used to‬فؼو ٍجشد ‪ ،‬أي فؼو تذُٗ ‪ s‬أٗ ‪ ing‬أٗ ‪ ed‬أٗ ‪ٗ es‬ال ٌنُ٘ ِاضً‬

‫‪ ِٓ ‬األِصٍح ػٍى األفؼاي اٌّجشد ‪play - go - talk - sing - put - do - travel :‬‬

‫أيثهت ‪:‬‬
‫) ‪1. We used to play football in the past. ( playing‬‬
‫) ‪2. In the past , people used to sing folk songs. ( singing‬‬

‫) ‪3. Women used to cook in fire in the past. ( cooked‬‬

‫) ‪4. Ali used to sing when he was young. ( sang‬‬

‫) ‪5. People used to put their poems to music. ( puts‬‬

‫‪6‬‬
 ً
ٌ‫ ايتحا‬/ ) 1 ( ‫يالحظاث ْايت جذا‬

: ً‫ ) ّقً٘ تاىراى‬use : used to ( ‫إرا أذد جَيح ٗطية ٍْل‬

‫ ٍغ‬he - she - I - we - they - you ُ٘‫ تؼذ اىفاػو اىزي قذ ٌن‬used to ‫مو ٍا ّفؼئ ٕ٘ أُ ّضغ‬
) ‫ ( إرا أذى فؼً ِاضً ٔشجؼٗ اًٌ اٌّضاسع‬. ‫ ّضغ فؼو ٍجشد‬used to ‫االّرثآ جٍذاً أّْا تؼذ‬

1. Ali walks to school on foot . ( used to )

Ali used to walk to school on foot .
2. People play a simple kind of ’oud . ( used to )
People used to play a simple kind of 'oud .
ً
ٌ‫ ايتحا‬/ ) 2 ( ‫يالحظاث ْايت جذا‬
: ‫ ) ّرثغ اىقاػذج اىراىٍح‬Make it negative ً‫ ) ٗطية ٍْل ( أف‬used to ( ‫إرا أذد جَيح ٗفٍٖا‬

ً‫اٌفاػ‬ + didn't use to + ‫فؼً ِجشد‬

: ‫أيثهت‬
1- Ali used to sing when he was young. ( Make it negative )
Ali didn't use to sing when he was young .
2- I used to go to school by bus. ( Negate )
I didn't use to go to school by bus .
ً
ٌ‫ ايتحا‬/ ) 3 ( ‫يالحظاث ْايت جذا‬
: ‫ ) ّرثغ اىقاػذج اىراىٍح‬Make a question ( ‫ ) ٗطية ٍْل‬used to ( ‫إرا أذد جَيح ٗفٍٖا‬
. ‫ شُ ٔرثغ طشٌمح اٌّمض‬Did ‫ أْ ذضغ‬ٛ٘ٚ ‫ً ٌؼًّ سؤاي فً ٘زٖ اٌماػذج‬ٙ‫ٕ٘ان دً أس‬

Did + ً‫فاػ‬ + use to + ‫ فؼً ِجشد‬....... ?

.‫ ػٕذ ػًّ سؤاي‬you ًٌ‫ا ا‬ٌٙٛ‫ ٔذ‬I / ٗ‫أرث‬

: ‫أيثهت‬
1- People used to travel by plane in the past. ( Make a question )
Did people use to travel by plane in the past ?

2- People used to sing rock songs a thousand years ago. ( Question )

Did people use to sing rock songs a thousand years ago ? 7
‫لٕاعذ ثايٍ انٕحذة انثانثت جشء ‪ ( 1‬كتاب ص ‪Grammar ) 33‬‬

‫‪The present perfect tense‬‬ ‫سيٍ املضارع انتاو‬

‫ٌسرخذً صٍِ اىَضاسع اىراً ىيحذٌث ػِ ػَو اّرًٖ فً اىَاضً ىنِ ال ٌضاه ىٔ ذأثٍش حرى األُ‪.‬‬ ‫االطتخذاو ‪/‬‬

‫تكٕيٍ انشيٍ ‪/‬‬

‫اٌفاػً‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫) ‪ ( p.p‬فؼً فً اٌرظشٌف اٌصاٌس ‪has - have +‬‬

‫شزح انماعذة بانتفصيم ‪:‬‬

‫انفاعم ‪ :‬لذ ٌى‪ ْٛ‬ضٍّش أ‪ ٚ‬اسُ أ‪ِ ٚ‬ىاْ أ‪ ٚ‬دٍ‪ٛ‬اْ ( ‪ٚ‬غاٌثا ً اٌفاػً ٌى‪ ْٛ‬أ‪ٚ‬ي وٍّح فً اٌجٍّح )‬

‫] ‪[ he - she - it - I - we - they - you - Omar – The teacher‬‬

‫‪has‬‬ ‫‪he‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪she‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪it‬‬

‫‪have‬‬ ‫‪I‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪we‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪they‬‬ ‫‪- you‬‬

‫‪ ٕ٘ :‬اىفؼو فً اىرصشٌف اىثاىث ‪ٗ ،‬س٘ف ّرؼشف ػيً قائَح ٍِ األفؼاه فً اىرصشٌف اىثاىث‪.‬‬ ‫‪P.P‬‬

‫انكهًاث انذانت عهى سيٍ املضارع انتاو ‪:‬‬

‫‪since - for - yet - just - already - never - ever‬‬

‫‪8‬‬
 ً‫اسدج فً اٌىراب اٌّذسس‬ٌٛ‫ ( ا‬P. P ( ‫لائّح تاألفؼاي فً اٌرظشٌف اٌصاٌس‬

‫اٌفؼً اٌّضاسع‬ 3 ‫اٌرظشٌف‬ ‫اٌفؼً اٌّضاسع‬ 3 ‫اٌرظشٌف‬ ‫اٌفؼً اٌّضاسع‬ 3 ‫اٌرظشٌف‬

Infinitive P.P Infinitive P.P Infinitive P.P
work ًّ‫ٌؼ‬ worked see ‫ٌشا٘ذ‬ seen give ً‫ٌؼط‬ given
finish ًٙ‫ٌٕر‬ finished do ً‫ٌفؼ‬ done read ‫ٌمشأ‬ read
change ‫ٌغٍش‬ changed eat ً‫ٌأو‬ eaten be ْٛ‫ٌى‬ been
visit ‫س‬ٚ‫ٌض‬ visited buy ‫ٌشرشي‬ bought come ً‫ٌأذ‬ come
help ‫ٌساػذ‬ helped sleep َ‫ٌٕا‬ slept sweep ‫ٌىٕس‬ swept
arrive ً‫ٌظ‬ arrived lose ‫ٌخسش‬ lost get ‫ٌظثخ‬ got
watch ‫ٌشا٘ذ‬ watched put ‫ٌضغ‬ put take ‫ٌأخز‬ taken
play ‫ٌٍؼة‬ played write ‫ٌىرة‬ written know ‫ٌؼشف‬ known
jump ‫ٌمفض‬ jumped has-have ‫ٌٍّه‬ had think ‫ٌفىش‬ thought
wash ً‫ٌغس‬ washed break ‫ٌىسش‬ broken live ‫ٌؼٍش‬ lived
stay ً‫ٌثم‬ stayed learn ٍُ‫ٌرؼ‬ learnt cut ‫ٌمطغ‬ cut
listen ‫ٌسرّغ‬ listened go ‫ٌز٘ة‬ gone
clean ‫ٌٕظف‬ cleaned find ‫ٌجذ‬ found
/ ‫أيثهت‬

1- I have just put my things in the car.

2- Omar has just arrived in America.

3- We have already watched TV.

4- I haven't found my shoes yet .

5- Rami hasn't done his homework yet.

6- Has everyone put their things in the car yet? 9

 ً
‫لٕاعذ يتفزلت يًٓت جذا عهى سيٍ املضارع انتاو‬

yet ‫قاعدة‬
. ً‫ ذأذً فً ّٖاٌح اىجَيح اىَْفٍح اىرً فً صٍِ اىَضاسع اىرا‬yet -1

haven't ً‫ اى‬have ‫ ّٗح٘ه‬hasn't ً‫ اى‬has ‫ فً ّٖاٌح اىجَيح ف٘ساً ّح٘ه‬yet ‫ أٗه ٍا ذشإذ‬-2
/ ‫يثال‬
1- They haven't finished homework yet .

2- She hasn't seen Ali yet.

3- Rami hasn't done his homework yet.

4- We haven't eaten the food yet .

‫ ْٕا ذنُ٘ اىجَيح ػثاسج‬Have ٗ‫ أ‬Has ‫ أي إرا تذأخ اىجَيح تـ‬، ‫ ذسرخذً أٌضا ً فً اىسؤاه‬yet -3
: ً‫ فً ّٖاٌح اىجَيح مَا فً اىَثاه اىراى‬yet ‫ػِ سؤاه ٌَٗنِ أُ ّضغ‬
/ ‫يثال‬
1. Has everyone put their things in the car yet ?
2. Have you finished homework yet ?

3. Has Ali eaten the cake yet ?

/ ‫يالحظت ْايت‬

ٗ‫ أ‬just ‫ ٗسأٌد فٍٖا ميَح‬have ٗ‫ أ‬has ‫ ٌؼْى فٍٖا‬، ً‫إرا أذد جَيح فً صٍِ اىَضاسع اىرا‬
ً٘‫ ّٗق‬already ٗ‫ أ‬just ‫ ( فً اىحو ّقً٘ ف٘ساً تحزف‬use : yet ( ٍِ‫ ٗطية ٍْل تٍِ ق٘س‬already
. ) yet ( ‫ ّٗضغ فً ّٖاٌح اىجَيح ميَح‬، haven't ً‫ إى‬have ٗ hasn't ً‫ إى‬has ‫ترحٌ٘و‬

1. I have just seen Ali . ( use : yet )

I haven't seen Ali yet .
2. Sami has already eaten the cake . ( use : yet )
Sami hasn’t eaten the cake .
10
 just - already - never ‫قاعدة‬

haven't ٗ‫ أ‬hasn't ‫ ٌؼًْ اىجَو اىرً ٌٍس فٍٖا‬، ‫ ّسرخذً اىنيَاخ اىساتقح ٍغ اىجَو اٌّصثرح فقظ‬-1
. ‫ فً اىجَيح‬has - have ‫ ذأذً اىنيَاخ اىساتقح تؼذ‬-2
/ ‫يثال‬
1- He has visited Gaza . ( use : never )
He has never visited Gaza .
2- I have done my homework. ( use : already )
I have already done my homework .
3- We have done our homework . ( use : just )
We have just done our homework .

/ ‫يالحظت ْايت‬
ٍِ‫ ٗطية ٍْل تٍِ ق٘س‬yet ٗ haven't ٗ‫ أ‬hasn't ‫ ٗفٍٖا‬، ً‫إرا أذد جَيح فً صٍِ اىَضاسع اىرا‬
ً‫ إى‬hasn't ‫ ّٗقً٘ ترحٌ٘و‬yet ‫فً اىحو ّقً٘ ف٘ساً تحزف‬ ( use : just / already / never )
. ‫ ّٗنَو اىجَيح‬have ٗ‫ أ‬has ‫ ّٗضغ اىنيَح اىَطي٘تح تؼذ‬، have ً‫ إى‬haven't ٗhas
1. Ali hasn't done his homework yet. ( use : just )
Ali has just done his homework .
2. I haven't washed the car yet . ( use : already )
I have already washed the car .

never ٔ ever ‫انفزق بني‬

‫ ذأذً ىيؼثٍش‬never ً ‫ اٌضا‬. ً‫ ذأذً فً اىج٘اب اىَْف‬never ِ‫ ىن‬، ‫ ذأذً فً اىسؤاه‬ever -1
. ‫ػِ أشٍاء ىٌ ذحصو أتذاً فً حٍاج اىفشد قثو ٕزٓ اىيحظح مَا فً اىَثاه اىثاىث‬

1. Have you ever been to Yosemite? No , I have never been to Gaza

2. Has Sami ______ played tennis ? No , he has ______ played tennis

3. I have never had so much fun in all my life!

11
 since ‫و‬ for ‫قاعدة‬
Since ‫ا‬ٙ‫ف تذاٌر‬ٚ‫ِذج صٍِٕح ِؼش‬ for ‫ا‬ٙ‫ف تذاٌر‬ٚ‫ِذج صٍِٕح غٍش ِؼش‬
since 2018 / 2019 ‫اىسْ٘اخ‬ for a week / a month
since Sunday / Friday ً‫األٌا‬ for a long time .
since one o'clock ‫اىساػح‬ for an hour .
since March ‫اىشٖ٘س‬ for three days
since last week for two hours
since yesterday for six years
since he was five , he was ten for ages
1- Complete from the table : ‫اوًّ تاٌىٍّح إٌّاسثح‬
1. Yosemite has remained safe since 1890.
2. We have been together for three weeks. since
3. He has been at school for eight years. for
4. He has been at school since he was five.

Question in the present perfect َ‫اٌسؤاي فً صِٓ اٌّضاسع اٌرا‬

‫ ٗطية ٍْل تٍِ ق٘سٍِ اُ ذصْغ سؤاه‬for ٗ‫ أ‬since ‫إرا أذد جَيح فً صٍِ اىَضاسع اىراً ٗسأٌد فٍٖا‬
: ‫ ) ّقً٘ تصْاػح اىسؤاه تاسرخذاً اىقاػذج اىراىٍح‬make a question (

‫انماعذة‬

How long + has - have + ً‫فاػ‬ + P.P + ‫? ذىٍّح اٌجٍّح‬

: ‫أيثهت‬
1. I have lived in Gaza for ten years. ( Make a question )
How long have you lived in Gaza ?
2. I have learnt English for 6 years. ( Make a question )
How long have you learnt English ?
3. Soha has been at this school since 2019. ( Make a question )
How long has Soha been at this school ?
12
Grammar ) 42 ‫ ( وراب ص‬1‫لٕاعذ ثايٍ انٕحذة انزابعت جضء‬

The present perfect continuous ‫سيٍ املضارع انتاو املظتًز‬

ً‫ ٌسرخذً صٍِ اىَضاسع اىراً اىَسرَش ىيحذٌث ػِ ػَو تذأ فً اىَاضً ٍٗا صاه ٍسرَشا‬/ ‫االطتخذاو‬
for - since ‫ ٌؼًْ ٍغ ميَح‬، ‫ ٗغاىثا ً ٌأذً ٕزا اىضٍِ ٍغ فرشج صٍٍْح‬. ُ‫حرى اال‬

/ ٍ‫تكٕيٍ انشي‬

ً‫اٌفاػ‬ + has - have + been + ً‫ فؼ‬- ing

: ‫شزح انماعذة بانتفصيم‬

) ‫ي وٍّح فً اٌجٍّح‬ٚ‫ْ أ‬ٛ‫غاٌثا ً اٌفاػً ٌى‬ٚ ( ْ‫ا‬ٍٛ‫ د‬ٚ‫ ِىاْ أ‬ٚ‫ اسُ أ‬ٚ‫ْ ضٍّش أ‬ٛ‫ لذ ٌى‬: ‫انفاعم‬

[ he - she - it - I - we - they - you - Omar – The teacher ]

has he - she - it

have I - we - they - you

ing ٌٗ ‫ شُ فؼً ِضاف‬been ‫ وٍّح‬has - have ‫ فً ٘زا اٌضِٓ ال تذ أْ ٌأذً تؼذ‬/ ‫يٓى‬

since - for - recently - all day : ‫انكهًاث انذانت عهى سيٍ املضارع انتاو‬

/ ‫أيثهت‬

1. She has been writing for 3 hours . 2. I have been getting tired quickly .

3. They have been studying for a week . 4. It has been raining since yesterday .

ً ‫ مَا ذؼيَد ساتقا‬haven't / have not ٗ‫ أ‬hasn't / has not ً‫ٌٍٕفً ّسرخذ‬

5. I have not been playing well.

13
 ً
‫لٕاعذ يتفزلت يًٓت جذا عهى سيٍ املضارع انتاو املظتًز‬

since ‫ا‬ٙ‫ف تذاٌر‬ٚ‫ِذج صٍِٕح ِؼش‬ for ‫ا‬ٙ‫ف تذاٌر‬ٚ‫ِذج صٍِٕح غٍش ِؼش‬
since 2018 / 2019 ‫اىسْ٘اخ‬ for a week / a month
since Sunday / Friday ً‫األٌا‬ for a long time .
since one o'clock ‫اىساػح‬ for an hour .
since March ‫اىشٖ٘س‬ for three days
since last week for two hours
since yesterday for six years
since he was five , he was ten for ages
since my last time here . for the past month
since our last conversation for the last four weeks

Question in the present perfect continues ‫اٌسؤاي فً صِٓ اٌّضاسع اٌراَ اٌّسرّش‬

‫ ٗسأٌد فٍٖا‬ing ٔ‫ ٗاىفؼو ٍضاف ى‬been ‫ ٌؼًْ فٍٖا‬، ‫إرا أذد جَيح فً صٍِ اىَضاسع اىراً اىَسرَش‬
‫ ) فأّٔ ٌطية ٍْل أُ ذنُ٘ سؤاه‬make a question ( ٍِ‫ ٗطية ٍْل تٍِ ق٘س‬for ٗ‫ أ‬since
: ‫تاسرخذاً اىقاػذج اىراىٍح‬

How long + has - have + ً‫فاػ‬ + been + ً‫ فؼ‬- ing .. ?

1. I have been living in Gaza for ten years. ( Make a question )

How long have you been living in Gaza ?
2. He has been reading for six hours. ( Make a question )
How long has she been reading ?

14
Grammar ) 44 ‫ ( كتاب ص‬2 ‫لٕاعذ ثايٍ انٕحذة انزابعت جشء‬

Giving advice ‫تمذيى انُصيحت‬

: ٌٍٍٓ‫ ػٕذ إػطاء إٌظٍذح ٌشخض تفؼً شًء ِا ٔسرخذَ أدذ اٌرؼثٍشٌٓ اٌرا‬

You had better + ‫فؼً ِجشد‬ You should + ‫فؼً ِجشد‬

/ ‫يثال‬
1- Omar : I don’t do my homework . ( Give a advice )

Sami : You'd better do your homework / you should do your homework .

2- Your brother is very ill . ( Give a advice )

You : You should see a doctor / you had better see a doctor .

: ٌٍٍٓ‫ ػٕذ إػطاء إٌظٍذح ٌشخض تؼذَ تفؼً شًء ِا ٔسرخذَ أدذ اٌرؼثٍشٌٓ اٌرا‬

You'd better not + ‫فؼً ِجشد‬ You shouldn't + ‫فؼً ِجشد‬

/ ‫يثال‬

1- Your friend smokes cigarette . ( Give a advice )

You'd better not smoke cigarette / You shouldn't smoke cigarette .

2- Rami eats a lot of junk food. ( Give a advice )

You : You shouldn't eat a lot of junk food . / You had better not eat a lot of

junk food .
15
 Making suggestions ‫عًم االلرتاح‬

: ٌٍٍٓ‫ اٌز٘اب ٌّىاْ ِا ٔسرخذَ أدذ اٌرؼثٍشٌٓ اٌرا‬ٚ‫ ػٕذ ذمذٌُ الرشاح ٌشخض تفؼً شًء ِا أ‬

What about + ً‫ فؼ‬+ ing / You could + ‫فؼً ِجشد‬

/ ‫يثال‬
1- I feel bored . ( make a suggestion )

What about going to the sea. / You could go to the sea .

2- My jacket is very old . ( make a suggestion )

You : What about buying a new jacket .

‫مت حبًذ اهلل‬

‫ إمساعيم أمحذ أبٕ خضزة‬/ ‫إعذادا املعهى‬

English for All ‫يؤطض يبادرة‬

‫يذيز يؤطظت اإلمياٌ نهتعهيى املظاَذ‬

16
 Grammar ) 45 ‫ ( كتبة ص‬1‫قىاػذ انىدذح اخلبيسخ( انصف انثبيٍ ) جشء‬

Possessive pronouns / Adjectives ‫ضًبئز وصفبد املهكٍخ‬

ً
: ‫ اَتجه جٍذا نهجذول انتبيل‬، ‫ػشٌشي انطبنت قجم أٌ َجذأ انشزح‬

Subject
pronouns Possessive adjectives Possessive pronouns
‫ضًائش انفاػم‬ ‫صفاث انًهكيت‬ ‫ضًائش انًهكيت‬

I my pen ‫قهًي‬ This is my pen . it's mine .

he his car ‫سياسحه‬ This is his car . it's really his .

She her bag ‫حقيبخها‬ It's Huda's bag . it's really hers.

it its colour ‫نىَها‬ This is its colour , it's really its.

We our home ‫بيخُا‬ Palestine is our country . it's ours .

They their class ‫صفهى‬ They cleaned their class, only theirs.

You your name ‫اسًك‬ Use your name , only yours .

ً
: ‫يالدظبد هبيخ جذا‬
‫ [ يأحي بؼذها اسى كًا‬my - our - your - his - her - their - its ] ‫ صفاث انًهكيت‬-1
. ‫هى يىضح في انجذول‬

‫ [ حأحي نىحذها‬mine - ours - yours - his - hers - theirs - its ] ‫ ضًائش انًهكيت‬-2
.‫بذوٌ اسى‬

. ‫ نهسؤال ػٍ ضًائش وصفاث انًهكيت‬Whose ‫ َسخخذو أداة انسؤال‬-3

1
 : ‫أيثهخ أخزي نتىضٍخ كٍفٍخ دم هذا انُىع يٍ األسئهخ‬

1- This is my book , this book is mine.

2- This is your book , this book is yours

3- This is Ali's book , this book is his

4- This is her book , this book is hers

5- This is our class , this class is ours

6- This is your class , this class is yours

7- This is their class , this class is theirs

2
 ‫قىاػذ انىدذح اخلبيسخ( انصف انثبيٍ ) جشء‪ ( 2‬كتبة ص ‪Grammar ) 45‬‬

‫‪Agree with : too and either‬‬ ‫املىافقخ ثبستخذاو‬

‫‪too‬‬ ‫وأنا أٌضا‬

‫حسخخذو ‪ too‬نهًىافقت ػهي انجًم انًثبخت ‪ ،‬وانجًهت الوثبتة هي انجًهت انخي ال يىجذ فيها ‪not‬‬
‫انقبػذح ‪:‬‬

‫الفاعل‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫فعل‬ ‫‪,‬‬ ‫‪too‬‬

‫أيثهخ ‪/‬‬
‫‪1- I have always loved mum .‬‬ ‫‪I have , too‬‬
‫‪2- I can speak English .‬‬ ‫‪I can , too‬‬
‫‪3- I am interested in music .‬‬ ‫‪I am , too‬‬
‫‪4- I should pray .‬‬ ‫‪I should , too‬‬
‫‪5- I was in London.‬‬ ‫‪I was , too‬‬
‫‪6- I could swim .‬‬ ‫‪I could , too‬‬
‫‪7- I 'll ask about help .‬‬ ‫‪I will , too‬‬
‫‪8- She has won‬‬ ‫‪Salwa has , too‬‬

‫اَتجه ملب ٌهى ‪ :‬إرا أحج جًهت ونيس فيها فؼم يساػذ كًا في األيثهت انسابقت ‪َُ .‬ظش اني انفؼم األساسي في‬
‫انجًهت وانزي غانبا ً يا يكىٌ ثاَي كهًت في انجًهت ‪ .‬فئرا كاٌ انفؼم ياضي فىساً َسخخذو انفؼم انًساػذ في‬
‫انًاضي وهى ( ‪ . ) did‬وإرا كاٌ انفؼم في انًضاسع انبسيظ ‪َ ،‬سخخذو انفؼم انًساػذ ( ‪ ) do‬في حانت انجًغ‬
‫و ( ‪ ) does‬في حانت انًفشد ‪.‬‬

‫) ‪He – she – it ( does‬‬ ‫) ‪I – we – they – you ( do‬‬

‫‪1- I watched a film.‬‬ ‫‪I did , too‬‬
‫‪2- I like Arabic.‬‬ ‫‪I do , too‬‬
‫‪3- Hala speaks Arabic .‬‬ ‫‪She does , too‬‬
‫‪4- Ahmed bought a car .‬‬ ‫‪Ismail did , too‬‬

‫‪3‬‬
 either ‫و ال أنا أٌضا‬
. not ‫ وانجًهت الونفٍة هي انجًهت انخي يىجذ فيها‬، ‫ نهًىافقت ػهي انجًم انًُفيت‬either ‫حسخخذو‬
: ‫انقبػذح‬

‫الفاعل‬ + ‫فعل‬ + not , either

/ ‫أيثهخ‬

1- I don't like tea. I don't , either .

2- I haven't finished yet. I haven't , either .

3- I can't speak French . I can't , either .

4- I shouldn't be late . I shouldn't , either .

5- I wasn't at home . I wasn't , either .

6- I couldn't do the homework . I couldn't , either .

7- I won't go to school. I won't , either .

8- I didn't watch TV. I didn't , either .

9- Hala doesn't speak English . I don't , either .

10- I’ve never been to Egypt . I haven't , either .

4
 ‫قىاػذ انىدذح انسبدسخ( انصف انثبيٍ ) جشء‪ ( 1‬كتبة ص ‪Grammar )66‬‬

‫‪When‬‬ ‫قبػذح‬
‫ػشٌشي انطبنت ‪ ،‬قجم أٌ َجذأ يف قىاػذ انىدذح انسبدسخ جيت ػهٍك أٌ تزاجغ سيٍ املضبرع انجسٍط‬

‫يسخخذو صيٍ انًضاسع انبسيظ نهحذيث ػٍ ػاداث‪.‬‬ ‫‪/‬‬ ‫االستخذاو‬

‫تكىٌٍ انشيٍ ‪/‬‬

‫‪He‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪she‬‬ ‫‪- it‬‬ ‫‪ + s / es‬فعل‬

‫يالدظخ‪:‬‬
‫َضغ نهفؼم ‪ es‬في انحاالث انخانيت ‪:‬‬

‫إرا اَخهي انفؼم بأحذ انحشوف انخانيت { ‪َ } sh - o - ch – x - ss‬ضغ في َهايت انفؼم ‪es‬‬

‫‪He goes - Salwa washes - She watches - Mum mixes - Omar misses‬‬

‫‪I‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪we -‬‬ ‫‪they‬‬ ‫‪- you‬‬ ‫فعل هجرد‬

‫يالدظخ ‪:‬‬

‫الفعل الوجرد ‪ :‬هى انفؼم بذوٌ ‪ s‬أو ‪ es‬أو ‪ ed‬أو ‪ ing‬أي هى انفؼم انًضاسع بذوٌ اضافاث‪.‬‬

‫انكهًبد انذانخ ػهى انشيٍ ‪:‬‬

‫‪always – sometimes – often – usually – never – ever – every‬‬

‫يالدظبد يهًخ ‪ /‬ػُذ َفً مجهخ يف سيٍ املضبرع انجسٍط َستخذو ‪:‬‬

‫‪ don't ‬نهجًغ و ‪ doesn't‬نهًفشد ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‬بؼذ ‪ don't‬و ‪ doesn't‬يأحي فؼم يجشد بذوٌ أي إضافاث ‪.‬‬

‫‪5‬‬
 

When ‫قبػذح‬

‫ نستعول‬. ‫ أو عنذ الحذٌث عن حقائق وعادات‬، ‫عنذ الحذٌث عن أشٍاء هن الووكن حذوثها فً أي وقث‬
‫ وٌتن ربط‬. ‫ وكال الفعلٍن فً زهن الوضارع البسٍط‬، ‫ كل جسء ٌحتىي على فعل‬. ‫جول هركبة هن جسأٌن‬
.when ‫الجولتٍن باستخذام‬

When + ‫هضارع بسٍط‬ , ‫هضارع بسٍط‬

: ‫انقبػذح‬

: ‫يالدظخ‬
. ‫ يًكٍ أٌ حأحي في بذايت انجًهت أو في وسطها‬When 

: ‫أيثهخ‬

1- I always want to help when a friend is upset.

2- When I think about it later, I always feel bad.

3- When people are friends, they don’t have to hide their feelings.

4-When a friend ( need – needs ) help , I always help .

5- People like you when you ( do – does – did ) your work.

6- When people ( is – are – were ) happy , they smile .

6
 Grammar ) 11 ‫ ( كتبة ص‬2‫قىاػذ انىدذح انسبدسخ( انصف انثبيٍ ) جشء‬

‫ انشزطٍخ األويل‬If ‫قبػذح‬

: ‫االستخذاو‬
‫ ونكُه‬، ‫ انششطيت األوني نهحذيث ػٍ شيء يٍ انًحخًم حذوثه في انًسخقبم‬If ‫حسخخذو قاػذة‬
. ‫نيس حقيقت ثابخت‬

If + ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫ هضارع بسٍط‬, ‫ فاعل‬+ will + ‫فعل هجرد‬ : ‫انقبػذح‬

: ‫أيثهخ‬
1. If I do that , I will lose my best friend.

2. If he is a real friend, he will understand.

3. If you ( played – play – plays ) with fire , you will hurt yourself .

4. If my friends ( come – came - comes ) , they will meet my family .

5. If I find the key , I will ( tells – told - tell ) you .

ً
: ‫ فخصبح انقاػذة‬، ً ‫ في وسظ انجًهت أيضا‬if ‫ يًكٍ أٌ حأحي‬: ‫يالدظخ هبيخ جذا‬

‫ الفاعل‬+ will + ‫ فعل هجرد‬+ if + ‫ فاعل‬+ ‫هضارع بسٍط‬

: ‫أيثهخ‬
1- Salma will get high marks if she ( work – worked – works ) hard .

2- We will ( go – went – goes ) to the beach if the sun shines .

‫مت حبًذ اهلل‬

‫ إمسبػٍم أمحذ أثى خضزح‬/ ‫إػذادا املؼهى‬