APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 20)
Grade – 20 Concrete
STEP – 01
GENERAL DETAILS
1. Concrete Grade = C20/25
2. Slump Required = 75.000 mm.
3. The Maximum coarse aggregate size is 20.000 mm (Crushed)
4. Fine aggregate (Uncrushed) - 60% fine aggregates pass 600μm sieve
5. Ordinary Portland cement class = 42.5
6. Minimum cement content = 250.000 kg/m3
7. Maximum cement content = Not Specified
STEP – 02
TARGET MEAN STRENGTH
𝒇𝒎 = 𝒇𝒄𝒓 + 𝒌𝝈
Where,
fm – Target Mean Strength
fcr – Specified Characteristic Strength
k – Risk Factor
σ – Standard Deviation
fcr = 20.000 N/mm2 ( For 28 days), k = 1.640 ( For 5% defective rate)
For more than 20 previous results are available, standard deviation can be obtained by
following Figure
A- 1
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 20)
σ = 5.000
fm = 20.000 + (1.640 x 5.000)
= 28.200 N/mm2
STEP – 03
WATER CEMENT RATIO
Approximate compressive strength of concrete made with a free water / cement ratio of
0.500 is obtained by below Figure
Cement Strength Class - 42.5
Type of Coarse Aggregates - Crushed
Compressive Strength of Concrete = 49.000 N/mm2
A- 2
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 20)
Referring above Table, for OPC, crushed aggregate, W/C ratio of 0.500, the 28-day
compressive strength is 49.000 N/mm2. In below figure find an intersection point for 49.000
MPa and 0.500 W/C ratio. Draw a dotted line curve parallel to the neighboring curve. From
this curve read off the W/C ratio for a target mean strength of 28.200 N/mm2. The
Water/cement ratio is 0.680.
STEP – 04
CALCULATION OF WATER CONTENT
For 75.000 mm slump & 20.000 mm coarse aggregates
From below Table
Water Demand for Natural Fine Aggregates (WFA) = 195.000 L
Water Demand for 20.000 mm Coarse Aggregates (WCA) = 225.000 L
A- 3
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 20)
𝟐 𝟏
𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕 = ( 𝒙 𝑾𝑭𝑨 ) + ( 𝒙 𝑾𝑪𝑨 )
𝟑 𝟑
Water Content = (0.667 x 195.000) + (0.333 x 225.000)
= 205.057 kg /m3
STEP – 05
CEMENT CONTENT
Mixing Water Content is 205.057 kg / m3 of concrete
Cement Content = 205.057 / 0.680
= 301.057 kg / m3 > 250.000 kg / m3
Hence o.k
A- 4
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 20)
STEP – 06
WEIGHT OF TOTAL AGGREGATES
This requires an estimate of the wet density of the fully compacted concrete. This can be found
out from Figure below for approximate water content and specific gravity of aggregate.
Wet Density of Concrete = 2430.000 kg / m3
𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑨𝒈𝒈𝒓𝒆𝒈𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒔 = 𝑾𝒆𝒕 𝑫𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚 − (𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑪𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓)
Weight of Total Aggregates = 2430.000 – (301.554 + 205.057)
= 1923.389 kg / m3
A- 5
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 20)
STEP – 07
WEIGHT OF FINE AGGREGATES
The parameters involved are maximum size of coarse aggregate, the level of workability, the
water / cement ratio, and the percentage of fines passing 600 μm sieve
Grading of Fine Aggregate Percentage Passing 600𝜇m Sieve = 60.000%
Water / Cement Ratio = 0.680
Maximum Size of Coarse Aggregates = 20.000 mm
Slump = 75.000 mm
From above Figure
Proportion of Fine aggregate = 39.000 %
Fine aggregate = 1923.389 x 0.390 = 750.122 kg / m3
Coarse Aggregate = 1923.389 – 750.122
= 1173.267 kg / m3
A- 6
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 20)
STEP – 08
PROPOTIONS
Mix proportions are given in following Table
Ingredients Cement Fine Coarse Water
Aggregates Aggregates
Quantity (kg / m3) 301.057 750.122 1173.267 205.057
Ratio 1.000 2.45 3.897 0.687
A- 7
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 25)
Grade – 25 Concrete
STEP – 01
GENERAL DETAILS
1. Concrete Grade = C25/30
2. Slump Required = 75.000 mm.
3. The Maximum coarse aggregate size is 20.000 mm (Crushed)
4. Fine aggregate (Uncrushed) - 60% fine aggregates pass 600μm sieve
5. Ordinary Portland cement class = 42.5
6. Minimum cement content = 250.000 kg/m3
7. Maximum cement content = Not Specified
STEP – 02
TARGET MEAN STRENGTH
𝒇𝒎 = 𝒇𝒄𝒓 + 𝒌𝝈
Where,
fm – Target Mean Strength
fcr – Specified Characteristic Strength
k – Risk Factor
σ – Standard Deviation
fcr = 25.000 N/mm2 ( For 28 days), k = 1.640 ( For 5% defective rate)
For more than 20 previous results are available, standard deviation can be obtained by
following Figure
A-8
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 25)
σ = 5.000
fm = 25.000 + (1.640 x 5.000)
= 33.200 N/mm2
STEP – 03
WATER CEMENT RATIO
Approximate compressive strength of concrete made with a free water / cement ratio of
0.500 is obtained by below Figure
Cement Strength Class - 42.5
Type of Coarse Aggregates - Crushed
Compressive Strength of Concrete = 49.000 N/mm2
A-9
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 25)
Referring above Table, for OPC, crushed aggregate, W/C ratio of 0.500, the 28-day
compressive strength is 49.000 N/mm2. In below figure find an intersection point for 49.000
MPa and 0.500 W/C ratio. Draw a dotted line curve parallel to the neighboring curve. From
this curve read off the W/C ratio for a target mean strength of 33.200 N/mm2. The
Water/cement ratio is 0.620.
STEP – 04
CALCULATION OF WATER CONTENT
For 75.000 mm slump & 20.000 mm coarse aggregates
From below Table
Water Demand for Natural Fine Aggregates (WFA) = 195.000 L
Water Demand for 20.000 mm Coarse Aggregates (WCA) = 225.000 L
A - 10
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 25)
𝟐 𝟏
𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕 = ( 𝒙 𝑾𝑭𝑨 ) + ( 𝒙 𝑾𝑪𝑨 )
𝟑 𝟑
Water Content = (0.667 x 195.000) + (0.333 x 225.000)
= 205.057 kg /m3
STEP – 05
CEMENT CONTENT
Mixing Water Content is 205.057 kg / m3 of concrete
Cement Content = 205.057 / 0.620
= 330.737 kg / m3 > 250.000 kg / m3
Hence o.k
A - 11
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 25)
STEP – 06
WEIGHT OF TOTAL AGGREGATES
This requires an estimate of the wet density of the fully compacted concrete. This can be found
out from Figure below for approximate water content and specific gravity of aggregate.
Wet Density of Concrete = 2430.000 kg / m3
𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑨𝒈𝒈𝒓𝒆𝒈𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒔 = 𝑾𝒆𝒕 𝑫𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚 − (𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑪𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓)
Weight of Total Aggregates = 2430.000 – (330.737 + 205.057)
= 1894.206 kg / m3
A - 12
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 25)
STEP – 07
WEIGHT OF FINE AGGREGATES
The parameters involved are maximum size of coarse aggregate, the level of workability, the
water / cement ratio, and the percentage of fines passing 600 μm sieve
Grading of Fine Aggregate Percentage Passing 600𝜇m Sieve = 60.000%
Water / Cement Ratio = 0.620
Maximum Size of Coarse Aggregates = 20.000 mm
Slump = 75.000 mm
From above Figure
Proportion of Fine aggregate = 38.500 %
Fine aggregate = 1894.206 x 0.385 = 729.269 kg / m3
Coarse Aggregate = 1894.206 – 729.269
= 1164.937 kg / m3
A - 13
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 25)
STEP – 08
PROPOTIONS
Mix proportions are given in following Table
Ingredients Cement Fine Coarse Water
Aggregates Aggregates
Quantity (kg / m3) 330.737 729.269 1164.937 205.057
Ratio 1.000 2.45 3.897 0.687
A - 14
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 30)
Grade – 30 Concrete
STEP – 01
GENERAL DETAILS
1. Concrete Grade = C30/37
2. Slump Required = 75.000 mm.
3. The Maximum coarse aggregate size is 20.000 mm (Crushed)
4. Fine aggregate (Uncrushed) - 60% fine aggregates pass 600μm sieve
5. Ordinary Portland cement class = 42.5
6. Minimum cement content = 250.000 kg/m3
7. Maximum cement content = Not Specified
STEP – 02
TARGET MEAN STRENGTH
𝒇𝒎 = 𝒇𝒄𝒓 + 𝒌𝝈
Where,
fm – Target Mean Strength
fcr – Specified Characteristic Strength
k – Risk Factor
σ – Standard Deviation
fcr = 25.000 N/mm2 ( For 28 days), k = 1.640 ( For 5% defective rate)
For more than 20 previous results are available, standard deviation can be obtained by
following Figure
A - 15
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 30)
σ = 5.000
fm = 30.000 + (1.640 x 5.000)
= 38.200 N/mm2
STEP – 03
WATER CEMENT RATIO
Approximate compressive strength of concrete made with a free water / cement ratio of
0.500 is obtained by below Figure
Cement Strength Class - 42.5
Type of Coarse Aggregates - Crushed
Compressive Strength of Concrete = 49.000 N/mm2
A - 16
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 30)
Referring above Table, for OPC, crushed aggregate, W/C ratio of 0.500, the 28-day
compressive strength is 49.000 N/mm2. In below figure find an intersection point for 49.000
MPa and 0.500 W/C ratio. Draw a dotted line curve parallel to the neighboring curve. From
this curve read off the W/C ratio for a target mean strength of 38.200 N/mm2. The
Water/cement ratio is 0.580.
STEP – 04
CALCULATION OF WATER CONTENT
For 75.000 mm slump & 20.000 mm coarse aggregates
From below Table
Water Demand for Natural Fine Aggregates (WFA) = 195.000 L
Water Demand for 20.000 mm Coarse Aggregates (WCA) = 225.000 L
A - 17
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 30)
𝟐 𝟏
𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕 = ( 𝒙 𝑾𝑭𝑨 ) + ( 𝒙 𝑾𝑪𝑨 )
𝟑 𝟑
Water Content = (0.667 x 195.000) + (0.333 x 225.000)
= 205.057 kg /m3
STEP – 05
CEMENT CONTENT
Mixing Water Content is 205.057 kg / m3 of concrete
Cement Content = 205.057 / 0.580
= 353.545 kg / m3 > 250.000 kg / m3
Hence o.k
A - 18
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 30)
STEP – 06
WEIGHT OF TOTAL AGGREGATES
This requires an estimate of the wet density of the fully compacted concrete. This can be found
out from Figure below for approximate water content and specific gravity of aggregate.
Wet Density of Concrete = 2430.000 kg / m3
𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑨𝒈𝒈𝒓𝒆𝒈𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒔 = 𝑾𝒆𝒕 𝑫𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚 − (𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑪𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓)
Weight of Total Aggregates = 2430.000 – (353.545 + 205.057)
= 1871.398 kg / m3
A - 19
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 30)
STEP – 07
WEIGHT OF FINE AGGREGATES
The parameters involved are maximum size of coarse aggregate, the level of workability, the
water / cement ratio, and the percentage of fines passing 600 μm sieve
Grading of Fine Aggregate Percentage Passing 600𝜇m Sieve = 60.000%
Water / Cement Ratio = 0.580
Maximum Size of Coarse Aggregates = 20.000 mm
Slump = 75.000 mm
From above Figure
Proportion of Fine aggregate = 36.000 %
Fine aggregate = 1871.398 x 0.360 = 673.703 kg / m3
Coarse Aggregate = 1871.398 – 673.703
= 1197.695 kg / m3
A - 20
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 30)
STEP – 08
PROPOTIONS
Mix proportions are given in following Table
Ingredients Cement Fine Coarse Water
Aggregates Aggregates
Quantity (kg / m3) 353.545 673.703 1197.695 205.057
Ratio 1.000 1.905 3.387 0.580
A - 21
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 35)
Grade – 35 Concrete
STEP – 01
GENERAL DETAILS
1. Concrete Grade = C35/45
2. Slump Required = 75.000 mm.
3. The Maximum coarse aggregate size is 20.000 mm (Crushed)
4. Fine aggregate (Uncrushed) - 60% fine aggregates pass 600μm sieve
5. Ordinary Portland cement class = 42.5
6. Minimum cement content = 250.000 kg/m3
7. Maximum cement content = Not Specified
STEP – 02
TARGET MEAN STRENGTH
𝒇𝒎 = 𝒇𝒄𝒓 + 𝒌𝝈
Where,
fm – Target Mean Strength
fcr – Specified Characteristic Strength
k – Risk Factor
σ – Standard Deviation
fcr = 25.000 N/mm2 ( For 28 days), k = 1.640 ( For 5% defective rate)
For more than 20 previous results are available, standard deviation can be obtained by
following Figure
A - 22
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 35)
σ = 5.000
fm = 35.000 + (1.640 x 5.000)
= 43.200 N/mm2
STEP – 03
WATER CEMENT RATIO
Approximate compressive strength of concrete made with a free water / cement ratio of
0.500 is obtained by below Figure
Cement Strength Class - 42.5
Type of Coarse Aggregates – Crushed
Compressive Strength of Concrete = 49.000 N/mm2
A - 23
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 35)
Referring above Table, for OPC, crushed aggregate, W/C ratio of 0.500, the 28-day
compressive strength is 49.000 N/mm2. In below figure find an intersection point for 49.000
MPa and 0.500 W/C ratio. Draw a dotted line curve parallel to the neighboring curve. From
this curve read off the W/C ratio for a target mean strength of 43.200 N/mm2. The
Water/cement ratio is 0.540.
STEP – 04
CALCULATION OF WATER CONTENT
For 75.000 mm slump & 20.000 mm coarse aggregates
From below Table
Water Demand for Natural Fine Aggregates (WFA) = 195.000 L
Water Demand for 20.000 mm Coarse Aggregates (WCA) = 225.000 L
A - 24
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 35)
𝟐 𝟏
𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝑪𝒐𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕 = ( 𝒙 𝑾𝑭𝑨 ) + ( 𝒙 𝑾𝑪𝑨 )
𝟑 𝟑
Water Content = (0.667 x 195.000) + (0.333 x 225.000)
= 205.057 kg /m3
STEP – 05
CEMENT CONTENT
Mixing Water Content is 205.057 kg / m3 of concrete
Cement Content = 205.057 / 0.540
= 379.735 kg / m3 > 250.000 kg / m3
Hence o.k
A - 25
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 35)
STEP – 06
WEIGHT OF TOTAL AGGREGATES
This requires an estimate of the wet density of the fully compacted concrete. This can be found
out from Figure below for approximate water content and specific gravity of aggregate.
Wet Density of Concrete = 2430.000 kg / m3
𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑨𝒈𝒈𝒓𝒆𝒈𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒔 = 𝑾𝒆𝒕 𝑫𝒆𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒚 − (𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑪𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑾𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓)
Weight of Total Aggregates = 2430.000 – (379.735 + 205.057)
= 1845.208 kg / m3
A - 26
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 35)
STEP – 07
WEIGHT OF FINE AGGREGATES
The parameters involved are maximum size of coarse aggregate, the level of workability, the
water / cement ratio, and the percentage of fines passing 600 μm sieve
Grading of Fine Aggregate Percentage Passing 600𝜇m Sieve = 60.000%
Water / Cement Ratio = 0.540
Maximum Size of Coarse Aggregates = 20.000 mm
Slump = 75.000 mm
From above Figure
Proportion of Fine aggregate = 34.500 %
Fine aggregate = 1845.208 x 0.345 = 636.596 kg / m3
Coarse Aggregate = 1845.208 – 636.596
= 1208.612 kg / m3
A - 27
APPENDIX - A MIX DESIGN (GR – 35)
STEP – 08
PROPOTIONS
Mix proportions are given in following Table
Ingredients Cement Fine Coarse Water
Aggregates Aggregates
Quantity (kg / 379.735 636.596 1208.612 205.057
m3)
Ratio 1.000 1.905 3.387 0.540
A - 28
