1.

Questionnaire is a…
A. Data analysis technique
B. Measurement technique
C. Research method
D. Tool for data collection

2. A periodical evaluation of an employee is done through........... .

A. Job rotation
B. Performance appraisal
C. Refresher course
D. Work guide

3. “Controlled Group” is a term used in…

A. Descriptive research
B. Experimental research
C. Historical research
D. Survey research

4. The type of research which has the primary purpose of developing theories is
referred to as
A. Exploratory
B. Descriptive
C. Explanatory
D. Experimental

5. Research is
A. Finding solution to any problem
B. Selecting from a large sampling
C. Searching again and again
D. Working in a scientific way to search for truth of any problem

6. The first step in selecting a sample should be to:

A. Compile a list of the population
B. Decide how to stratify the population
C. Define the population
D. Determine how to randomize
 7. Generalizing research findings from a sample to the population is most likely to be
justifiable except:
A. A large random sample is used
B. A small systematic sample is used
C. Cluster sampling is used in a large, heterogeneous population
D. The null hypothesis is confirmed, regardless of the sampling procedures
used.

8. The most important consideration in selecting a sample is that the sample be:
A. Selected from the population by means of a table of random numbers
B. Made up of a large number of subjects
C. Representative of the population
D. Selected from a large number of individuals or elements.

9. Which of the following is the best synonym for validity?

A. Consistency
B. Feasibility
C. Truthfulness
D. Economy

10. The first page of the research report is the

A. Appendix
B. Bibliography
C. Index
D. Title page

11. Research that can be used to check validity of a general business theory is known as
A. Applied Business Research
B. Basic Business Research
C. Evaluation Research
D. Performance Monitoring Research

12. Essence of both basic and applied research lies in

A. market orientation
B. scientific method
C. performance monitoring research
D. costing methods
13. The way through which researchers go about using knowledge and evidence to reach
their set conclusions about real world is called…
A. business research
B. nursing research
C. research process
D. Scientific method

14. An essential criterion for scientific study is

A. Belief

B. Objectivity
C. Subjectivity
D. Value

15. Data collection about everyone or everything in a group or population and has the
advantage of accuracy and detail:
A. Census
B. Survey
C. Probability sampling
D. Cluster sampling

16. A sampling method which involves a random start and then proceeds with the
selection of every kth element from then onwards
A. Simple random sampling
B. Stratified random sampling
C. Systematic sampling
D. Snowball sampling

17. Considerations for choosing sample size includes except:

A. Define population size or number of people
B. Method of sampling
C. Ways in which results will be analyzed
D. Large numbers and small confidence intervals

18. Random sampling or probability sampling includes all the following techniques,
except:
A. Cluster sampling
B. Purposive Sampling
 C. Simple random sampling
D. Stratified random Sampling

19. Which of the following is NOT a method of quantitative research?

A. Grounded Theory Research
B. Correlational Research
C. Quasi-Experimental Research
D. Experimental Research

20. Deductive Reasoning is applied in:

A. Qualitative research
B. Quantitative research
C. Action research
D. Applied research

21. Which of the following is a characteristic of qualitative research?

A. Deductive process
B. Control over the context
C. Fixed research design
D. Inductive process

22. The type of research focused on finding a solution to an immediate practical problem
is termed as:
A. Basic research
B. Applied research
C. Explanatory research
D. Descriptive research

23. The principles of ethics in nursing research include:

A. Benefits
B. Respect for human dignity
C. Justice
D. leadership opportunities

24. Which of the following is TRUE about features of quasi-experimental research

design?
 A. Manipulation, control group, randomization
B. Manipulation, but no control group or randomization
C. No manipulation of independent variable
D. Use of correlational approach

25. Three factors are important regarding the rights of the participants include all except:
A. Confidentiality
B. Anonymity
C. Jurisprudence
D. Voluntary participation

26. For efficiency, members in a Focused Group Discussion (FGD) should be…
A. at least 6 and at most 8 in number
B. at least 8 and at most 12 in number
C. at most 12 and at least 12 in number
D. at most 12 and at least 4 in number

27. Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?
A. Identification of problem
B. Searching for solutions to the problem
C. Searching sources of information to locate problem.
D. Survey of related literature

28. A good questionnaire always has a definite purpose that is related to the research
A. Content
B. Objective
C. Topic
D. Design

29. A plan which provides systematic procedure for the researcher to follow is called …
A. abstract
B. methodology
C. proposal
D. Purpose of study

30. A formal document that presents the research objectives, design of

achieving these
 objectives, and the expected outcomes/deliverables of the study is called
A. Research design
B. Research proposal
C. Research hypothesis
D. Research report
31. The first purpose of a survey is to .................
A. Description
B. Evaluation
C. Pration
D. Provide Information

32. Questions in which only two alternatives are possible is called

A. Multiple choice questions
B. Dichotomous questions
C. Open ended questions
D. Structured questions

33. Identifying causes of a problem and possible solution to a problem is

A. Field Study
B. Diagnosistic study
C. Action study
D. Pilot study

34. Which of the following is true regarding research objectives?

A. Research objectives, when achieved, will provide sufficient earnings to
obtain
a reasonable return on investment.
B. Research objectives, when obtained, will ensure the viability of the
marketing
research department.
C. Research objectives, when achieved, provide the information
necessary to solve the problem.
D. Research objectives are seldom achieved but should be stated as
goals to be
sought.

35. Which one is called non-probability sampling?

A. Quota sampling
 B. Cluster sampling
C. Systematic sampling
D. Stratified random sampling

36. Cluster sampling, stratified sampling and systematic sampling are types of
A. Direct sampling
B. Indirect sampling
C. Random sampling
D. Non random sampling

37. Scale in which the respondent directly compares two or more objects and
makes choices among them is
A. Ranking Scale
B. Rating Scale
C. Graphic Scale
D. Direct Scale

38. A study of teaching professionals posits that their performance-related pay

increases their motivation which in turn leads to an increase in their job
satisfaction. What kind of variable is ‘motivation”’ in this study?
A. Extraneous 
B. Confounding
C. Intervening
D. Manipulated

39. When interpreting a correlation coefficient expressing the relationship between two variables, it is
important not to:

A. Assume causality
B. Measure the values for X and Y independently
C. Choose X and Y values that are normally distributed
D. Check the direction of the relationship

40. Which of the following can be described as a nominal variable? 

A. Annual income
B. Age
C. Annual sales
D. Geographical location of a firm

41. A positive correlation occurs when:

 A. Two variables remain constant
B. Two variables move in the same direction
C. One variable goes up and the other goes down
D. Two variables move in opposite directions

42. The key defining characteristic of experimental research is that:

A. The independent variable is manipulated

B. Hypotheses are proved
C. A positive correlation exists
D. Samples are large
 1. Give 5 ethic rules that should be considered when conducting a
research?
1. Avoid harm to participants (psychological or physical)
2. Protect personal privacy. Respect confidentiality, especially when
done without their knowledge.
3. Obtain informed consent. Tell people what you will do.
4. Apply research ethically
5. Avoid deception in the course of research such as lying or giving
false information to obtain information. Sometimes, researchers
need to deceive the subjects because it is the only way to obtain
valid information. In those cases, it is strongly advised to explain
people afterwards why you did it.
6. Avoid plagiarism

2. State whether the below scenarios constitute a researchable problem or not and
why.

i. A hospital treated a large number of cholera cases with penicillin, but

the treatment with penicillin was not found to be effective because
penicillin is not a usual drug for treating cholera. Do we need research
to know the reason?

ii. While visiting a rural area, the UNICEF team observed that some
villages have female school attendance rates as high as 75%, while
some have as low as 10%, although all villages should have a nearly
equal attendance rate. Do we need research to know the reason?

ANS
A research problem is a statement about an area of concern, a
condition to be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated or troubling
question that exists in a literature, or in practice that points to the
need for meaningful understanding. A research problem does not state
how to do something, suggest a direct result, or broad proposition.
Therefore
I. this does not constitute a researchable problem because it is known
that penicillin was not found to be effective because penicillin is not a
usual drug for treating cholera.

ii. this constitute a researchable problem because the researcher is

comparing several communities and his findings are not clear to what
brings about low female school attendance in some communities,and
high attendance in other communities.