Philosophy
1. According to idealism, the ultimate aim of education is to:
a) Develop individual talents and skills
b) Prepare students for practical life
c) Discover universal truths and develop moral character
d) Adapt to societal norms and expectations
2. Which philosophy of education emphasizes the importance of experiential learning and
hands-on activities?
a) Pragmatism
b) Existentialism
c) Essentialism
d) Perennialism
3. According to the perennialism philosophy of education, the focus should be on:
a) Nurturing individual creativity and self-expression
b) Preparing students for future careers and economic success
c) Transmitting timeless knowledge and universal truths
d) Emphasizing the needs and interests of the learner
4. The philosophy of progressivism in education places a strong emphasis on:
a) Discipline and strict adherence to rules
b) Memorization and rote learning
c) Student-centered and inquiry-based learning
d) Traditional values and established customs
5. According to the philosophy of constructivism, knowledge is best acquired through:
a) Direct instruction and information transmission
b) Memorization and repetition of facts
c) Collaboration and active engagement with the learning environment
d) Passive absorption of information from authoritative sources
6. The relationship between philosophy and education can be best described as:
a) Philosophy being a subset of education
b) Education being a subset of philosophy
c) Philosophy and education being entirely independent of each other
d) Philosophy and education having no significant relationship
7. How does philosophy contribute to education?
a) By providing practical teaching methods and strategies
b) By determining the content and goals of education
c) By focusing solely on the historical development of education
d) By advocating for standardized testing and evaluation methods
8. Which school of philosophy emphasizes the importance of developing the intellect and
pursuing knowledge for its own sake?
a) Idealism
b) Naturalism
c) Pragmatism
d) Realism
e) Humanism
9. According to the philosophy of naturalism, education should be primarily based on:
a) The pursuit of intellectual ideals
b) The cultivation of practical skills and vocational training
c) The transmission of timeless knowledge and universal truths
d) The exploration and understanding of human experiences
10. Pragmatism in education emphasizes:
a) The importance of adhering to established customs and traditions
b) The need for a student-centered and experiential learning approach
c) The transmission of cultural and societal values to future generations
d) The pursuit of knowledge and intellectual inquiry for its own sake
11. Realism in education emphasizes:
a) The integration of art and creativity into the curriculum
b) The development of moral character and ethical values
c) The focus on the physical world and scientific inquiry
d) The promotion of individual self-expression and freedom
12. Humanism in education focuses on:
a) Preparing students for future careers and economic success
b) Developing the whole person and promoting individual self-actualization
c) Nurturing a sense of social responsibility and community engagement
d) Promoting discipline and strict adherence to rules and regulations
13. Which educator emphasized the importance of play-based learning and the concept of the
"kindergarten"?
a) Plato
b) Rousseau
c) Pestalozzi
d) Froebel
e) Maria Montessori
f) John Dewey
14. Who advocated for the development of a well-rounded individual through a balanced
education of the mind, body, and spirit?
a) Plato
b) Rousseau
c) Pestalozzi
d) Froebel
e) Maria Montessori
f) John Dewey
15. Who believed in the natural goodness of children and advocated for a child-centered
education that nurtures their individual talents and interests?
a) Plato
b) Rousseau
c) Pestalozzi
d) Froebel
e) Maria Montessori
f) John Dewey
16. Which educator emphasized experiential learning and the importance of students actively
engaging with their environment?
a) Plato
b) Rousseau
c) Pestalozzi
d) Froebel
e) Maria Montessori
f) John Dewey
17. Who proposed the concept of "direct method" teaching, which involves sensory-based
learning and hands-on materials?
a) Plato
b) Rousseau
c) Pestalozzi
d) Froebel
e) Maria Montessori
f) John Dewey
18. Who believed in the importance of moral education and the development of virtue in
students?
a) Plato
b) Rousseau
c) Pestalozzi
d) Froebel
e) Maria Montessori
f) John Dewey
19. Who emphasized the role of the teacher as a guide and facilitator of learning, rather than a
mere instructor?
a) Plato
b) Rousseau
c) Pestalozzi
d) Froebel
e) Maria Montessori
f) John Dewey
20. Who advocated for the integration of practical skills and vocational training into the
curriculum?
a) Plato
b) Rousseau
c) Pestalozzi
d) Froebel
e) Maria Montessori
f) John Dewey
21. Who believed that education should focus on the development of the whole person,
including physical, intellectual, and emotional aspects?
a) Plato
b) Rousseau
c) Pestalozzi
d) Froebel
e) Maria Montessori
f) John Dewey
22. Who promoted the idea of education as a means to create a just and democratic society?
a) Plato
b) Rousseau
c) Pestalozzi
d) Froebel
e) Maria Montessori
f) John Dewey
23. Who emphasized the importance of the natural world and advocated for environmental
education in schools?
a) Plato
b) Rousseau
c) Pestalozzi
d) Froebel
e) Maria Montessori
f) John Dewey
24. Who believed that education should be student-centered and focused on individual
interests, needs, and experiences?
a) Plato
b) Rousseau
c) Pestalozzi
d) Froebel
e) Maria Montessori
f) John Dewey
25. Who is known for his efforts in reviving and reforming Hinduism through the Advaita Vedanta
philosophy?
a) Sri Sankaracharya
b) Rabindranath Tagore
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Swami Vivekananda
e) Sri Aurobindo
f) S. Radhakrishnan
26. Who emphasized the integration of Indian culture with Western education and established
the Visva-Bharati University?
a) Sri Sankaracharya
b) Rabindranath Tagore
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Swami Vivekananda
e) Sri Aurobindo
f) S. Radhakrishnan
27. Who advocated for the promotion of universal love, spiritual values, and the harmony of
religions?
a) Sri Sankaracharya
b) Rabindranath Tagore
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Swami Vivekananda
e) Sri Aurobindo
f) S. Radhakrishnan
28. Who emphasized the importance of education that focuses on character development and
service to society?
a) Sri Sankaracharya
b) Rabindranath Tagore
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Swami Vivekananda
e) Sri Aurobindo
f) S. Radhakrishnan
29. Who emphasized the education of women and the need for social reform in India?
a) Sri Sankaracharya
b) Rabindranath Tagore
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Swami Vivekananda
e) Sri Aurobindo
f) S. Radhakrishnan
30. Who believed in the integral education of body, mind, and spirit and founded the Sri
Aurobindo Ashram and Auroville?
a) Sri Sankaracharya
b) Rabindranath Tagore
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Swami Vivekananda
e) Sri Aurobindo
f) S. Radhakrishnan
31. Who emphasized the importance of value-based education and served as the President of
India?
a) Sri Sankaracharya
b) Rabindranath Tagore
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Swami Vivekananda
e) Sri Aurobindo
f) S. Radhakrishnan
32. Who promoted the philosophy of Vedanta and the idea of self-realization as the ultimate
goal of education?
a) Sri Sankaracharya
b) Rabindranath Tagore
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Swami Vivekananda
e) Sri Aurobindo
f) S. Radhakrishnan
33. Who advocated for education that is rooted in Indian culture, spirituality, and self-reliance?
a) Sri Sankaracharya
b) Rabindranath Tagore
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Swami Vivekananda
e) Sri Aurobindo
f) S. Radhakrishnan
34. Who believed in the power of education to eradicate social evils and promote equality and
non-violence?
a) Sri Sankaracharya
b) Rabindranath Tagore
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Swami Vivekananda
e) Sri Aurobindo
f) S. Radhakrishnan
35. Who emphasized the importance of education that promotes physical, intellectual, and
spiritual growth?
a) Sri Sankaracharya
b) Rabindranath Tagore
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Swami Vivekananda
e) Sri Aurobindo
f) S. Radhakrishnan
36. Who stressed the need for education that fosters critical thinking, moral values, and the
pursuit of knowledge?
a) Sri Sankaracharya
b) Rabindranath Tagore
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Swami Vivekananda
e) Sri Aurobindo
f) S. Radhakrishnan
37. Educational sociology is a field of study that examines:
a) The impact of technology on education
b) The relationship between education and social structures
c) The effectiveness of teaching methods and curriculum design
d) The role of education in individual cognitive development
38. Cultural lag refers to a situation where:
a) Society lags behind in adapting to technological advancements
b) Education lags behind in meeting the needs of diverse learners
c) Individuals lag behind in acquiring cultural values and norms
d) Schools lag behind in integrating technology into the curriculum
39. Acculturation refers to the process of:
a) Introducing new technology in educational institutions
b) Incorporating diverse cultural practices into the curriculum
c) Assimilating and adapting to a new culture or society
d) Encouraging students to express their individual cultural identities
40. Enculturation refers to the process of:
a) Promoting multiculturalism in educational settings
b) Teaching students about their own cultural heritage
c) Preparing students for cross-cultural interactions
d) Transmitting cultural values and norms to new generations
41. Which concept focuses on the role of education in promoting social equality and social
change?
a) Educational sociology
b) Cultural lag
c) Acculturation
d) Enculturation
