11
DISCIPLINES AND
IDEAS IN THE
APPLIED SOCIAL
SCIENCE
Module 7: Disciplines of
Communication
Jorge W. Echavia, Jr., M. Ed. GC, LPT
Compiler/ Contextualizer
DISCIPLINES AND IDEAS IN THE APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES (DIASS)
Second Semester
Quarter 3: Module 7/Week 7
Disciplines of Communication
Content Standards : Disciplines of Communication
Performance Standard : Demonstrate a high level of understanding of
the basic concepts of communication through a
group presentation of a situation in which
practitioners of communication work together
to assist individuals, groups, or communities
involved in difficult situations (e.g., post-
disaster, court hearing about separation of
celebrity couple, cyberbullying).
Competencies : 1. Identify the goals and scope of
communication.
2. Explain the principles of communication.
3. Describe the elements and levels of
communication.
Learning Outcomes : 1. Evaluate understanding on the importance
of communication.
2. Assess the process of communication in
relation to other disciplines.
3. Create a graphic presentation on the
elements and levels of communication.
What I Know
Multiple Choice: Let us review some lessons in your Oral Communication and
other English subjects to know how much you have recalled.
Choose the letter of the best answer and write your answers on
a separate piece of paper.
1. The element that intends to convey the message to pass information and
ideas.
A. Sender B. Channel C. Feedback D. Communication
2. The receiver of the message or symbol trying to convert by extracting its
meaning.
A. Code B. Receiver C. Decoding D. Channels
1
3. The process of ensuring that the receiver has received and understood the
message.
A. Channel B. Decoding C. Encoding D. Feedback
4. The chosen way or means of sending the message to the receiver.
A. Noise B. Receiver C. Channel D. Decoding
5. The level of communication where processing of information occurs.
A. Interviewing
B. Interpersonal Communication
C. Intercultural Communication
D. Intrapersonal Communication
6. The level of communication that happens in a classroom or in the family.
A. Small-Group Communication C. Intercultural Communication
B. Interpersonal Communication D. Organizational Communication
7. The main symbol commonly used in communication.
A. Codes B. Words C. Actions D. Pictures
8. The scope of communication that provides promotion and preservation of
culture and tradition.
A. Social B. Cultural C. Educational D. Organizational
9. The connection of people from different parts of the world to develop
understanding and tolerance.
A. Integrative B. Educational C. Entertainment D. Organizational
10. The symbol used in communication that uses visual images to enhance
interpretation of the message.
A. Words B. Pictures C. Actions D. Channels
11. The word that means “to make common” or “to share”.
A. Process B. Community C. Communicare D. Education
12. It is the scope of communication which ensures enlightenment of people.
A. Social B. Cultural C. Educational D. Integrative
13. Which of the following is a principle of communication?
A. Communication is a process C. Communication is goal-driven
B. Communication satisfy wants D. Communication is inaction
14. Which is included in the 7Cs of communication?
A. Crucial B. Coherent C. Connects D. Compromise
15. The scope of communication which provides opportunity and preservation of
culture and traditions.
A. Social B. Educational C. Entertainment D. Cultural
Congratulations! You are now ready to proceed on your lessons in the disciplines of
communication. You are advised to read the lessons properly. Good luck!
2
What I Need to Know
In your study of the Discipline and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences
(DIASS), you will now encounter the third application_ COMMUNICATION. In this
module, you will be able to widen your understanding of the real work of
Communication and Journalism practitioners. As you go further, you must know
that there is a powerful force sending a message to everyone on earth virtually. This
force is using every form of communication tool available. No matter how hard you
try to avoid or escape it, you cannot. The lessons ahead will enlighten you on the
professional practice of Communication and Journalism. Studying more about
COMMUNICATION will provide you opportunity to deeply understand the complex
nature of the profession as you are to stand for truth and practice responsible
freedom of expression!
The module is divided into three main lessons:
• Lesson 1 – Goals and Scope of Communication
• Lesson 2 – Principles of Communication
• Lesson 3 – Elements and Levels of Communication
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. identify the goals and scope of communication;
2. explain the principles of communication; and
3. describe the elements and levels of communication.
Lesson
GOALS AND SCOPE OF COMMUNICATION
1
In this lesson, the discipline of communication and its elements will be briefly
discussed. It is important to recall your previous lessons in English and realize that
we live in a dynamic and ever-changing world where new technology like computers
and the internet can change the process in communication. These new media can
influence, and one must know its importance, advantages, and disadvantages in the
modern society.
What’s In
WHAT IS COMMUNICATION?
Communication is the process of transferring information with understanding
from one person to another. Communication with understanding requires
perceiving, interpreting, and comprehending the meaning of verbal and non-verbal
behavior. One or more receivers are needed to complete the communication process.
3
Communication comes from the Latin word “communicare” which means “to
make common” or “to share”. Sharing is an interaction between people to exchange
ideas and meaning with each other. Communication also helps the society to
function well.
Communication is a way of reaching others by transmitting ideas, facts,
thoughts, feelings, and values. Effective communication creates a bridge of meaning
between two people in sharing knowledge, thoughts, and feelings to establish a
common understanding.
Activity 1: SEE YOU, SAY WHAT?
Instructions: Read, analyze, and reflect on the story below. Answer the questions
that follow in a separate sheet of paper. Always keep your answer
short and simple (KISS principle).
A Man with a Lamp
Once upon a time, there was a small town. There lived a man by himself who could
not see. He was blind. Yet, he carried a lighted lamp with him whenever he went out
at night.
One night as he was coming home after having a dinner outside, he came across a
group of young travelers. They saw that he was blind, and yet carrying a lighted
lamp. They started passing comments on him and made a fun of him. One of them
asked him, “Hey Man! You are blind and cannot see anything! Why do you carry the
lamp then?!”
The blind man replied, “Yes, unfortunately, I am blind, and I can’t see anything but a
lighted lamp which I am carrying is for the people like you who can see. You may not
see the blind man coming and end up pushing me. That is why I carry a lighted
lamp”.
The group of travelers felt ashamed and apologized for their behavior.
Critical Thinking Questions:
1. Based on the story of “A Man with a Lamp”, how important is a lamp? What
is the significance of the “lamp” in our story? Briefly explain your answer.
2. Is jumping to conclusions without knowing the true story very helpful? Briefly
expound your answer.
3. How significant is seeing, knowing, and spreading the truth in
communication? What does the protagonist of the story portray?
4. What could be the best way to understand the COVID-19 pandemic in relation
to communication? Cite an example and explain briefly.
4
What’s New
NATURE AND IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION
Communication plays a major role in our lives. Communication focuses on
how humans use verbal and nonverbal messages to create meanings in various
contexts such as interpersonal relationships, groups, organizations, multi-culture,
criticisms, performance, argumentation and persuasion, technology mediated
communication, and popular culture. We study communication to understand the
impact of these messages on human behavior.
GOALS OF COMMUNICATION
Communication helps us to relate to others and with another, understand our
problems and the problems of society. Communication can improve the way we see
ourselves and the way others see us. Communication can make life more exciting
and help us succeed professionally.
Activity 2: Share Your Ideas (SYI). What is the difference between freedom of
speech and press freedom? As a student of Humanities and Social Sciences, how
important is communication? How can you protect yourself from fake news and
misinformation? Briefly support your answer. You may write it in an extra sheet of
paper and submit it to your teacher. Keep it short and simple (KISS).
What Is It
SCOPE OF COMMUNICATION
A communicator must always clearly identify the subject or scope of the
communication. It has become a basic for the social existence and the feeling of
commonality and togetherness. The scope of communication can be evaluated and
analyzed from different point of views.
Social
Communication helps to ensure the social enlightenment of the people. It
really plays a vital role in the determination of the social behavior of the
human being. It motivates the people according to their own interest and
makes them aware of the hazards as well as beneficial things.
Educational
Communication is part in educating the people. In the past centuries where
there were no facilities, people use different techniques of communication for
educational purposes. The various tools used in mass communication serves
people who are in search of knowledge. The educational objectives of modern
communication system are increasing every day.
5
Organizational
Communication has a vital role in the organizational structure of a system for
the smooth functioning. The communicative skills of manager will really boost
the employees in every respect. It monitors the performance of the employees
at all the levels. It really helps to take corrective measures for the employees.
The effective communication will create a sense of belongingness and
motivation among the workers.
Cultural
Communication provides an opportunity for the promotion and preservation
of culture and traditions. The culture of a particular society can be known to
the public through communication. Communication helps to spread cultures
to neighboring areas.
Entertainment
Communication opens a wide possibility of entertainment to the people. It
begins from the interpersonal communication to mass communication. The
scope of films, drama, music, comedy, hosting, and broadcasting are wide in
the entertainment aspect.
Integrative
Communication connects people from different parts of the world. It develops
integration and tolerance towards each other. The different cultures are
merged through media communication. It integrates different people from the
different background of the world.
What’s More
Activity 3: SAY YOU, SEE ME
Instructions: Create a dialogue that reflects your understanding on the concept.
You may copy or modify the dialogue boxes and fill it in according
to what the person may say about the different scope of
communication to help them understand each other. Keep it short
and simple (KISS).
6
Lesson
PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION
2
In this lesson, you will learn that mastering your communication skills
enhances your abilities in this challenging times. The foremost important role of
communicators and journalists is to make available information and evidence to
inform the public about issues that matter to them in the most neutral way possible.
Communication provides a venue for mutual understanding of facts for the public
to form sound judgment and responsible decisions.
PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATION
Professionals, researchers, and scholars agree that communication is founded
in these principles.
1. Communication is action.
2. Communication is necessary for survival.
3. Communication is crucial in satisfying needs.
4. Communication alters behavior to help people survive.
5. Communication is driven by goals.
6. Communication mutually influences people.
7. Communication systems are structured.
8. Communication systems are subject to changes.
According to the 7Cs of Communication, communication needs to be: 1) Clear,
2) Concise, 3) Concrete, 4) Correct, 5) Coherent, 6) Complete, and 7) Courteous.
These were discussed further in your Oral Communication class and is a sort of
review of your previous lessons.
What’s More
Activity 4: MESSAGE SENT
Instructions: Research and create a TABLE ORGANIZER relating to the principles
of communication and you may follow the table format shown below
in a separate sheet of paper. In answering, please remember the
KISS Principle (Keep It Short and Simple).
My explanation relating to the principles of
The 7Cs of Communication
communication
Example: Clear Communication must be clear to prevent misunderstanding.
Clear
Concise
Concrete
Correct
Coherent
Complete
Courteous
7
Lesson ELEMENTS AND LEVELS OF
3 COMMUNICATION
Communication is more than just a process. Communication is an academic
discipline and an applied social science important in the professions like journalism,
broadcasting, filmmaking, communication research, advertising, and public
relations which is achieved using symbols.
These symbols may include:
1. Words are the main communication symbol. Different interpretation and
understanding of these words may cause a communication problem or gap
especially when people with different sociocultural backgrounds
communicate.
2. Pictures are used to clarify word communication. These pictures can
provide visual images for additional interpretation.
3. Action or nonverbal communications in the form of human gestures that
may enhance the communication process.
ELEMENTS IN THE PROCESSES OF COMMUNICATION
Communication process happens with its basic elements like the people
(sender/source and receiver), message (verbal and nonverbal messages), feedback or
effect, channels (medium), code (verbal and nonverbal codes), encoding and
decoding, and noise. Please analyze the picture below.
People (Source or Sender and Receiver). Communication means that the
sender and the receiver get involved in communication because sharing of
ideas will occur. People are participants of communication and people’s
characteristics (age, gender, culture, and values) may affect communication
and interpretation of messages.
The Message (verbal and non-verbal). The message is made up of ideas and
feelings that the senders/receivers want to share. All communication
messages could be verbal and non-verbal. The verbal messages are the spoken
words or language. The non-verbal messages use facial expressions, gestures,
hand and body movements, posture, touch, and vocal tones.
The Channel. The channel is the route or medium used in communication.
Sound waves, light waves, airwaves, wires, or cables are commonly present in
the communication process. In mass media, the channels may be radio, social
media, recording, television, newspapers, and magazines.
Feedback/Effect. The receiver’s response, reply, or answer to the message
from the source. It tells how ideas and feelings have been shared or received
in the way the message is intended.
Noise. Keeps a message from being understood. Noise may be external (a
noise that comes from the environment) or internal (occurs in the mind, such
as thinking of something) place interference transmitting and receiving the
message.
8
Code. The symbols arranged in a systematic order which can be verbal or
non-verbal codes.
Encoding and Decoding. The two important activities in the communication
process where encoding turns ideas into an actual message and decoding
interprets or making sense of the meaning of the message into concepts and
ideas.
Setting. Essentially the context where communication occurs. It may be a
venue, formal or informal setting arrangements, attire, use of sound system
etc.
LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION
In your Oral Communication subject, it has been discussed that a typical
communication involves the interaction between and among people in different
settings. There is a face-to-face communication and the mediated communication.
Communication may take form in print or non-print using electronic equipment or
media technology such as newspapers, newsletters, journals, or magazines, and in
computers, internet websites, social media, smart phones, television, or radio
broadcasts.
Level 1. Intrapersonal Communication. The communication that occurs
within that involves feelings, thoughts, and the way we look at ourselves or
simply referred to as reflection.
Level 2. Interpersonal Communication. The communication that occurs on
one-on-one face-to-face basis. It is usually in an informal and unstructured
setting.
Level 3. Interviewing. The communication that uses series of question-and-
answer format usually involving two people or groups of people to obtain
information on a particular subject or social issue.
Level 4. Small-Group Communication. The communication that occurs
when a small group of people meets to solve a problem. This is usually a
cooperative thinking group with a goal and a specific purpose.
Level 5. Organizational Communication. The communication within a
network of interdependent relationships particularly in a company or
organization. This communication functions as a command, relational, and
management of uncertainties. The messages in this level of communication
could be formal (policies, procedures, and regulations) or informal
(interpersonal relationships within the organization) in structure.
Level 6. Intercultural Communication. The communication that is shared
and occurred between or among members of different cultures or in the
different levels of society.
Level 7. Public Communication. The communication involving one source
of message to multiple receivers. This may include public speaking,
impromptu speech, manuscript, memorized, or extemporaneous delivery.
9
Level 8. Mass Communication. The communication in which the sender-
receiver (speaker) sends a message (speech) to an audience in a highly
structured manner. It is also called mediated communication whether in print
or electronic media. Its purpose is to inform, to entertain, and to persuade.
What’s More
Activity 5: LEVEL CONQUERED!
Instructions: Using a separate sheet of paper, write a 5-paragraph essay on the
importance of the elements of communication especially in giving or
disseminating information. You will be guided by the questions and
your answers will be rated according to the rubrics stated below.
Rubrics:
Criteria Description Points
The content was well-thought, the message was clear and
Content 6
truthful in answering the guide questions.
The essay was well-organized, made with accuracy and
Organization 7
value concerning the topic.
The essay was produced with quality, imaginative skills,
Creativity 7
and innovation.
TOTAL 20
Guide Questions:
1. How important are the symbols and elements of communication?
2. How can you communicate your ideas to be understood by others? Briefly
support your answer.
3. In your situation today, what level of communication where you in? Briefly
explain your answer.
4. What level of communication is the most important especially in this trying
times? Briefly describe your answer.
5. If you were a communicator or a journalist, what can you do to provide correct
information and make the lives of other people better especially in this time
of the COVID-19 pandemic?
10
What I Have Learned
Activity 6: STAY CONNECTED
Instructions: After going through all the three lessons, copy the figure and label
the connection using the elements of communication. Write your
answers on the back of the paper that you used in Activity 3. In
answering, always remember the KISS Principle (Keep It Short and
Simple).
Assessment
Modified Multiple Choice. Choose the LETTER of the best answer on the choices
provided. Write your answers on a separate piece of paper.
A. Goals of Communication B. Scope of Communication
C. Principles of Communication D. Elements of Communication
E. Levels of Communication
1. Feedback is the receiver’s response, reply, or answer to the message.
2. Mass communication is to inform, to entertain, and to persuade.
3. Communication improves the way we see ourselves and the way others see
us.
4. The channel is the route or medium used in communication.
5. Communication has a vital role in an organization for smooth functioning.
6. Noise may be external or internal that interferes in the transmission and
reception of message.
7. Communication is shared and occurred between member of different cultures
in the society.
11
8. Communication mutually influences people and is necessary for survival.
9. Communication can make our life more exciting and help us succeed
professionally.
10. Communication is part in educating people.
11. Small-group communication is usually a cooperative thinking group with
goals and specific purpose.
12. Communication systems are structured and subject to changes.
13. Communication opens a wide possibility of entertainment to the people.
14. People are the participants, source, sender, or receiver of messages or
communication.
15. Interviewing uses series of question-and-answer format usually involving two
people to obtain information.
Additional Activity
Activity 7: FIGURATIVELY SPEAKING
Instructions: Using a separate sheet of paper, copy or modify the figure below. In
answering, keep it short and simple (KISS) and keep a copy in your
notebook for future reference as we go along with your self-learning.
12
Answer Key
Activity 6: STAY CONNECTED (Suggested Answers)
References
Abadingo, L. (2018). Disciplines and ideas in the applied social sciences for senior
high school. Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc.
Abulencia, A, et.al. (2017). Disciplines and ideas in the social sciences, reader.
Pasig City: DepEd-BLR.
Ariola, M. (2017). Disciplines and ideas in the applied social sciences. Manila:
Unlimited Books Library Services & Publishing, Inc.
Dela Cruz, A. et. al. (2016). Disciplines and ideas in the social sciences. Quezon
City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.
Sampa, E. (2017). Disciplines and ideas in the applied social sciences. Manila: Rex
Book Store Inc.
Wall, P. (2012). Media studies, third edition. London: HarperCollins Publishers
Limited
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/effective_communication/effective_communicatio
n_process.htm
Photo Credit
https://www.uzdevumi.lv/p/anglu-valoda/10-12-klase/communication-and-
relationships-12823/
Story Credit
https://www.moralstories.org/a-man-with-a-lamp/
13
