A Report On Structural Analysis and Design On Residental Building

A REPORT ON
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

ON RESIDENTAL BUILDING
Location:
Owner: Mr.
Prepared By: Er.
NEC Registration No. “Civil” “A”
Date: 2077/4/18
12/26/2018
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1: GENERAL DATA AND LOAD CALCULATION.................................................................................3
Introduction........................................................................................................................................................................3
Description of the Building................................................................................................................................................5
Basic Data..........................................................................................................................................................................5
Relevant Codes followed...............................................................................................................................................6
Basic Principal of Analysis of the structure Step for earthquake load...........................................................................6
Basic Principal of Design of Foundation.......................................................................................................................6
Software used for Analysis and Design.........................................................................................................................6
Concrete and Steel Grade...............................................................................................................................................6
Preliminary Design for proportioning of the Structural Elements.....................................................................................6
Chapter 2 : 3D MODELLING, ANALYIS AND DESIGN..............................................................................................7
Modeling............................................................................................................................................................................7
Design Methods of Structural Elements............................................................................................................................9
Limit State Method............................................................................................................................................................9
Analysis..............................................................................................................................................................................9
Load Cases.......................................................................................................................................................................10
Seismic Analysis..............................................................................................................................................................11
Design..............................................................................................................................................................................12
Design Parameters............................................................................................................................................................12
Story Drifts.......................................................................................................................................................................16
Base Reaction...................................................................................................................................................................17
Chapter 3 SAMPLE ANALYSIS RESULT AND SAMPLE DESIGN RESULT............................................................
Sample Slab Design.........................................................................................................................................................26
Sample Staircase Design.................................................................................................................................................28.
Design of foundation........................................................................................................................................................29
Design of Isolated Footing..........................................................................................................................................27
Design of Strap
Footing…………………………………………………………………………………………………..33
Chapter 4 DESIGN SUMMARY......................................................................................................................................35

Column Design Summary................................................................................................................................................35
Beam Design Summary...................................................................................................................................................36
Footing Design Summary................................................................................................................................................37
Slab Design Summary......................................................................................................................................................37
Chapter 5 : ANNEXES, CONCULSION AND REFRENCES......................................................................................38
Annexes............................................................................................................................................................................38
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................................................59
References........................................................................................................................................................................60
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CHAPTER 1: GENERAL DATA AND LOAD CALCULATION

Introduction
The basic aim of the structural design is to build a structure, which is safe, fulfilling the intended
purpose during its estimated life span, economical in terms of initial and maintenance cost,
durable and also maintaining a good aesthetic appearance. A building is considered to be
structurally sound, if the individual elements and the building as a whole satisfy the criteria for
strength, stability and serviceability and in seismic areas additional criteria for ductility and
energy absorption capabilities. The overall building must be strong enough to transfer all loads
through the structure to the ground without collapsing or losing structural integrity by rupture
of the material at the critical sections, by transformation of the whole or parts into mechanisms
or by instability. This strength criterion is valid for all loads that will normally be applied to the
building during its lifetime. Accidents, overloading and disasters are not directly related to
design. However, concern is needed for the structure to have structural integrity. A building
needs to be designed for all loads acting on it. Detailed structural designs are carried out and
working drawings are to be prepared. Safety is the prime concern of the structural design.
Serviceability and economy are other basic requirements that are to be considered during
structural design. The building should be designed not only for vertical loads, but also for
horizontal loads such as wind and earthquake loads. A building and its structural elements must
be strong enough to transfer all the loads acting on it safely to the ground. It should be able to
withstand all loads acting on it.
Nepal lies in seismically vulnerable zone. It is located in the boundary of the two colliding
tectonic plates- the Indian plate (Indo-Australian Plate) and the Tibetan plate (Eurasian Plate)
which is known as “Subduction Zone”. Records of earthquakes are available in Nepal since 1255
A.D. Those records reveal that Nepal was hit by 18 major earthquakes since then, resulting in
huge loss of life and property. Out of these earthquakes, the 1833 and 1934 earthquakes were
the most destructive ones.
Designing building against earthquake forces does not mean that we are making the building
proof against it. Although we can design such robust structure, it would be too expensive to
build, it would be far cheaper to rebuild the building again instead of making it completely
earthquake proof. The structures are generally designed for much lower seismic forces than
what it may actually experience during its life time. Since the structure is expected to undergo
damage in the event of a severe shaking, reliance is placed on the inelastic response of the
structure beyond yield.
Therefore, structures have to be ductile and capable of dissipating energy through inelastic
actions. Ductility can be achieved by avoiding brittle modes of failures. Brittle modes of failures
include, shear and bond failure. Thus, structures should be designed on Weak Beam-Strong
column philosophy.
The structural design alone is not enough to ensure the safety of the building, equally
important, is its construction. The role of the contractor is of paramount importance as he is the
one to execute the construction work at the site. He is required to execute the work according
to the drawings supplied by the consultant to him and detailing has to be carefully followed. A
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large percentage of failure of the building is attributed to poor quality of construction. Past
experiences from damages have shown that quality of material and workmanship plays an
important role in good seismic behavior of the buildings. Hence, quality assurance in
construction is expected to gain good seismic performance.
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Description of the Building

This is a two storied Residential Building which include a Floor, Staircase, and Slab . The floor to
floor height is 3.175m. The building plan is rectangular in shape. The maximum height of the
building is 12.1158m. The width of the building is 9.14m and length is 11.22m.
Basic Data
General Features
Project RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
Location
Architectural features
Type of Building RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
Number of floors 3 floors
Height of story 3.175m
Total Height of Building 12.1158m
No. of Staircase 1 no.
Height to width ratio ………..
Length to width ratio ………..
Wall and Partition Masonry walls
Structural Features
Structural system RCC Frame Structure
Foundation Type Isolated footing & strap footing
Column size 304mmX304mm
Beam Size 230mmX355mm,
Slab 127 mm Overall Depth
Geotechnical Features
Soil Type Type C
Allowable Bearing Capacity 120 KN/m2
Material
Grade of Concrete M20 for Column and M20 for beam slab and
footing
Grade of Steel Fe500
Unit weight of Concrete 25 KN/m3
Unit weight of Masonry wall 19 KN/m3
Young’s Modulus of Elasticity 5000 √ fck
Poisson’s Ratio 0.2 for concrete
0.3 for rebar
Relevant Codes Followed:-
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S.N. Codes and Standards Description

1 IS 456: 2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete - Code of Practice
Code of Practice for Design Loads (other than Earthquake) for
IS 875 (Part 1):
2 Buildings and Structures: Part 1 Dead Loads – Unit Weights of
1987
Building Material and Stored Materials (Second Revision)
IS 875 (Part 2): Code of Practice for Design Loads (other than Earthquake) for
3
1987 Buildings and Structures: Part 2 Imposed Loads (Second Revision)
4 SP 16: 1980 Design Aids for Reinforced Concrete
5 SP 34: 1987 Handbook on Concrete Reinforcement and Detailing
Ductile detailing of reinforced concrete structures subjected to
6 IS 13920: 1993
seismic forces - Code of practice
7 NBC105:2020 Seismic Design of Building in Nepal
8 IS 875 - 1987 Wind Load Design Truss
Basic Principal of Analysis of the structure Step for earthquake load
1. Earthquake load with USER coefficient method (NBC 105:2020)
Basic Principal of Design of Foundation
1. Isolated Footing to support the structure.
Software used for Analysis and Design
a. ETABS 2016
b. Custom Software
Concrete and Steel Grade
Concrete Grade = M 20 for Foundation, Beams, Slabs and Columns

Rebar Grade =Fe 500
Steel Grade =Fe250
Preliminary Design for proportioning of the Structural Elements
The tentative sizes of the Structural elements are determined through preliminary design so
that after analysis, the presumed dimensions may not deviate considerably, thus making the
final design both safe and economical. The tentative sizes have been determined as follows:
Slab: From Deflection Criteria [Effective Depth = Effective Shorter Span / (26 * MF)]
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Beam: For Practical rule as 25mm Depth for 300mm of Span covering deflection criteria
Column: From evaluation of approximate gravity loading coming up to the critical Column.
To compensate for the possible eccentric Loading and earthquake loads the size is
increased by about 25 % in design.
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Chapter 1 : 3D MODELLING, ANALYIS AND DESIGN

Modeling
The structural system is designed as a Special Moment Resisting Frame structure. Therefore,
main components to be modeled are: Beams, Columns & Slabs. The analysis software used for
modeling the structure is the ETABS 2016
Fig: Plan & Elevation view of building in ETABS
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Fig: 3D view of building in ETABS
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Design Methods of Structural Elements
We have followed Nepal Building Code 105 & Indian Standard Code of Practice for Plain
and Reinforced Concrete,
IS: 456 -2000 for design of Structural Elements. This incorporates the two methods of
Structural Design of RC structures specified as:
a. Working Stress Method based on the Working loads in conjunction with permissible
stresses in the materials.
b. Limit State Method based on safety and serviceability requirements associated with the
design loads and design strengths of the materials. These design loads and design
strengths are obtained by applying partial safety factors for characteristic loads and
strengths of the materials concrete and steel.
We have followed the limit state method which is incorporated in IS: 456-2000. It is
consistent with the new philosophy of design termed limit state approach which was
incorporated in the Russian Code – 1954, the British code BS 8110 – 1985 and the American
Code ACI 318 – 1989.
Limit State Method
 Limit States
The Limit State method of design covers the various forms of failure. There are several
limit state at which the structure ceases to function, the most important among them
being,
a. The limit state of collapse or total failure of structure.

It corresponds to the maximum load carrying capacity. Violation of collapse implies
failure. This limit state corresponds to Flexure, Compression, Shear and Torsion.
b. The limit state of serviceability which includes excessive deflection and excessive local
damage.
Analysis
The analysis has been carried out using a standard software package SAP2000 based on finite
element method. The software is capable of carrying out a Three Dimensional analysis. It is
windows based software. It has a user friendly graphical input and output interface. It can
account for the rigid zones at the beam - column junction. It has a capability to create a special
joint at any grid intersection. The program has a facility to create shell elements also. Shell
elements can be used for the analysis of Slabs and Shear walls. A full 3D finite element model
using frame and shell elements can also be created using ETABS.
A Three Dimensional Linear elastic analysis has been carried out. Structure is assumed to be
fixed at the Plinth level. The masonry wall load is distributed in the beams as uniformly
distributed loads. The beams are modeled as rectangular beams. A model based on Rigid
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Diaphragm Concept has been considered. This is done by creating a special joint at the center of
mass of each floor level and constraining all the joints at this level by a diaphragm constraint.
Load Cases
Following loads have been considered in the analysis of the building as per IS 456-2000 and
IS1893:2002.
1. Dead Load (DL)

2. Live Load (LL)
3. Earthquake Load in +ve X-direction (EQx)
4. Earthquake Load in -ve X-direction (-EQx)
5. Earthquake Load in +ve Y-direction (EQy)
6. Earthquake Load in -ve Y-direction (-EQy)
Load Combination
Following load combinations are adopted as per NBC

105:2020
Clause (105:cl. 3.6.1 FOR PARALLEL SYSTEM))
Dead Loads
Dead loads are assumed to be produced by slab, beams, columns, walls, parapet walls,
staircase, plasters and mortars, Floor finish and water tank. The weight of building materials
are taken as per IS 875(Part 1)-1987).
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Specific weight of materials [Ref: IS: 875(Part 1)-1987)]

Materials Unit weight
Reinforced Concrete 25 KN/m3
Brick Masonry 19 KN/m3
Floor Finishing (Screening& Punning) 23 KN/m3
Cement Sand Plaster 20 KN/m3+
Floor Finishing (Marble) 26 KN/m3
Live Loads
Live loads are applied on floor slabs on the basis of usage of rooms, as specified in IS 875 part II.
Rooms 2 KN/m2
Toilet/Bathrooms/Kitchens 2 KN/m2
Balcony/Stairs 3 KN/m2
Terrace/Roof 1.5 KN/m2
Seismic Analysis
T = 0.075*h0.75 ( 5.1.2 NBC 105:2020]. For moment resisting frame

h=Height of building (m) above ground level
d= Base dimension of building at the plinth level in m, along the considered direction of lateral
force.
W= Seismic Weight of Building, that includes total Dead load plus appropriate amount of live
load. [7.4, IS: 1893 (part1)-2002].
 Percentage of live load to be taken for calculating seismic weight =30% for live load intensity
upto and including 3.0 KN/m2 and 60% for live load intensity above 3.0 KN/m2. [ AS PER NBC
105:2020].
 The live load on roof need not be considered for calculating the seismic weight of the building.
Seismic Load Calculation

Coefficient Calculation:
Based on NBC 105 2020 , Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures, calculation of earthquake loads is
done using seismic coefficient method:
The design horizontal seismic coefficient,

C (Ti)
Cd(Ti) =
R μ x Ωu
Where,
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C(Ti) = Elastic Site Spectra at period (Ti)

Rμ = Ductility Factor
Ωu = Over Strength Factor
The approximate fundamental natural period of vibration (Ti) in seconds, of moment-resisting frame buildings with
brick infill panels,
may be estimated using the empirical expression:
Ti = 0.075*h0.75
Where,
h = Height of building in meters
Ta = 0.075*h0.75
= 0.075*12.11580.75
=0.487 sec
Time period shall be increased by 1.25.
T=0.487*1.25=0.60315 sec
I = 1.25 (for commercial building)

Z = 0.3
C (Ti) 0.75
Cd(Ti) = = =0.125
R μ x Ωu 1.5 x 4
VB = Cd(Ti) x W
(Cs(T)=0.2*Ch(T)=0.2*0.75=0.187
Cs(T )
Cd(Ti) = =0.15/1.25=0.12
❑Ω s
C (Ti)
VB = xW
R μ x Ωu
3
4
T =0 . 075 h For RCC frame building
Where,
VB = Base shear
Cd(Ti) = Design horizontal acc. spectrum
Z = Zone Factor
I = Importance Factor
C(Ti) = Elastic Site Spectra at period (Ti)
Rμ = Ductility Factor
W = Seismic Weight of building
Ti = Fundamental time period of ith mode of vibration
Ωu = Over Strength Factor
h = Height of Building in m
d = Base Dimension at Plinth level
The total design lateral force or design seismic base shear (VB) along any principal direction is determined by the
following expression
For Ultimate condition
VB = Cd(Ti)*W
= 0.125*3922.4687
= 490.3086kN
For serviceable condition
VB = Cd(Ti) x W
=0.12*3922.4687KN
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= 470.6962KN
Where,
W = Seismic weight of the building
1.6 Mass
Table 1.9 - Mass Source Definition
Include Include Source Source Source Move
Lump Load
Name Is Default Lateral Vertical Self Added Load Mass Multiplier
Mass? Pattern
Mass? Mass? Mass? Mass? Patterns? Centroid?
MsSrc1 Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Dead 1
MsSrc1 Live<=3 0.3
MsSrc1 Live>3 0.6
MsSrc1 wall 1
MsSrc1 ff 1
MsSrc1 pwl 1
MsSrc1 stair dead 1
Table 1.13 - Mass Summary by Story

UX UY UZ
Story
kg kg kg
Story4 9236.77 9236.77 0
Story3 84735.52 84735.52 0
Story2 153004.09 153004.09 0
Story1 153004.09 153004.09 0
Base 6907.13 6907.13 0
This chapter provides property information for materials, frame sections, shell sections, and
links.
2.1 Materials
Table 2.1 - Material Properties - Summary
Unit
E
Name Type ν Weight Design Strengths
MPa
kN/m³
Fy=1689.91 MPa,
A416Gr270 Tendon 196500.6 0 76.9729
Fu=1861.58 MPa
Fy=413.69 MPa,
A615Gr60 Rebar 199947.98 0.3 76.9729
Fu=620.53 MPa
Fy=500 MPa, Fu=545
HYSD500 Rebar 200000 0 76.9729
MPa
M20 Concrete 22360.68 0.2 24.9926 Fc=20 MPa
2.2 Frame Sections

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Table 2.2 - Frame Sections - Summary

Name Material Shape
Concrete
b9x14 M20
Rectangular
Concrete
c14x14 M20
Rectangular
2.3 Shell Sections

Table 2.3 - Shell Sections - Summary
Total
Design Element
Name Material Thickness
Type Type
mm
Slab Slab Shell-Thin M20 127
stairSlab Slab Shell-Thin M20 127
Load Patterns
Self
Name Type Weight Auto Load
Multiplier
Dead Dead 1
Live Live 0
Live<=3 Live 0
Live>3 Live 0
Superimpose
wall 0
d Dead
Superimpose
ff 0
d Dead
Superimpose
stair 0
d Dead
Superimpose
pwl 0
d Dead
rooflive Roof Live 0
User
eqxuls Seismic 0
Coefficient
User
eqyuls Seismic 0
Coefficient
User
eqysls Seismic 0
Coefficient
User
eqxsls Seismic 0
Coefficient
Design
The design of reinforced concrete structural members includes selection of material properties
(grade of steel and concrete), shape and size of cross section, factor of safety and amount of
steel required. The design of reinforced concrete members are carried out using limit state
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method as per IS 456: 2000. The limit state method is the modern and latest design
methodology. This method evolved around 1970’s. Limit state method is based on the concept
of multiple safety factors and attempts to provide adequate safety at the ultimate loads and
adequate serviceability at service loads.
For the design of the members IS 456:2000 and design aid SP 16 has been used. Footings have
been checked for vertical loads and moments developed at the base due to dead load and live
load only. Square footings have been adopted from seismic point of view that reversal stress
may occur. And footing beams are provided for column at foundation for more rigidity of
building and also need for the column located at boundary. Longitudinal reinforcement in
beams and columns has been calculated based on critical load combination among the thirteen
load combinations. Spacing of the shear reinforcement has been calculated as per the ductility
criteria as defined in IS 13920 -1993. Some sample designs are shown later on in this report.
User Coefficient Auto Seismic Load Calculation

This calculation presents the automatically generated lateral seismic loads for load pattern eqxsls
using the user input coefficients, as calculated by ETABS.
Direction and Eccentricity
Direction = Multiple
Eccentricity Ratio = 10% for all diaphragms
Factors and Coefficients
Equivalent Lateral Forces
Base Shear Coefficient, C C=0.12

Base Shear, V V =CW
Calculated Base Shear
Period
W V
Direction Used C
(kN) (kN)
(sec)
X 0 0 3922.4687 470.6962
X + Ecc. Y 0 0 3922.4687 470.6962
X - Ecc. Y 0 0 3922.4687 470.6962
Applied Story Forces
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Story Elevation X-Dir Y-Dir

m kN kN
Story4 12.1158 22.8591 0
Story3 9.525 162.8891 0
Story2 6.35 192.1471 0
Story1 3.175 92.8009 0
Base 0 0 0
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This calculation presents the automatically generated lateral seismic loads for load pattern eqxuls

Base Shear, V V =CW
Period
W V
Direction Used C
(kN) (kN)
(sec)
X 0 0 3922.4687 490.3086
X + Ecc. Y 0 0 3922.4687 490.3086
X - Ecc. Y 0 0 3922.4687 490.3086

m kN kN
Story4 12.1158 23.8115 0
Story3 9.525 169.6762 0
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Story2 6.35 200.1532 0

Story1 3.175 96.6676 0
Base 0 0 0
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This calculation presents the automatically generated lateral seismic loads for load pattern eqyuls

Base Shear, V V =CW
Period
W V
Direction Used C
(kN) (kN)
(sec)
Y 0 0 3922.4687 490.3086
Y + Ecc. X 0 0 3922.4687 490.3086
Y - Ecc. X 0 0 3922.4687 490.3086

m kN kN
Story4 12.1158 0 23.8115
Story3 9.525 0 169.6762
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Story2 6.35 0 200.1532

Story1 3.175 0 96.6676
Base 0 0 0
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Structure Data 11/11/2020

This calculation presents the automatically generated lateral seismic loads for load pattern eqysls

Base Shear, V V =CW
Period
W V
Direction Used C
(kN) (kN)
(sec)
Y 0 0 3922.4687 470.6962
Y + Ecc. X 0 0 3922.4687 470.6962
Y - Ecc. X 0 0 3922.4687 470.6962
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Structure Data 11/11/2020

m kN kN
Story4 12.1158 0 22.8591
Story3 9.525 0 162.8891
Story2 6.35 0 192.1471
Story1 3.175 0 92.8009
Base 0 0 0
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3/5/2019
Design Parameters
Followings factors are considered for earthquake resistant design of the building
BASE SHEAR CALCULATION SHEET
AS PER CODE NBC 105:2020

Remarks
Height of the building (m) 12.1158 m
Important factor 1
Seismic Weight (W) 3922.4687 KN
Soil Type (C) C Medium Soil
3/4
Time Period in X direction (T) 0.075*(H) 0.48
Sesmic coefficient (C) for ULTIMATE DESIGN 0.125
Sesmic coefficient (C) for SERVICIBILITY DESIGN
0.12
Seismic zone factor (Z) 0.3
Structural Performace factor (K) 1.05
Design seismic base shear ( VB) (Ultimate) 490.3086 KN
Design seismic base shear ( VB) (Serviceable) 470.6962 KN
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8/6/2018
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`
Story Displacement & Drifts
Displacements for earthquake load

In order to control deflection of structural elements, the criteria given in NBC
105:2020 is proposed to be used.
To control overall deformation due to earthquake load, the criteria given in NBC
105:2020 is applied. The story drift in any story due to the minimum specified
design lateral force, with partial load factor of 1.0 shall not exceed 0.006 times the
story height for serviceability criteria while its should not exceed 0.25/R μ for
Ultimate limit state criteria.
Building height = 12.115m
Serviceability Criteria
Permissible deflection = 0.6% of 12115.8mm
=72.69 mm
The maximum deflection in the model is 19.09 mm which is within permissible limit.
Ultimate limit State Criteria

Permissible deflection = 0.025/RμX12115.8
=75.71 mm
The maximum deflection in the model is 19.89 mm which is within permissible limit.
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Maximum story drifts

This is a story response output for a specified range of stories and a selected load case or load combination
The maximum story drift in the building is 0.0045 by EQX which is within
permissible limit of 0.6% for serviceability limit state and 0.00468 EQY which is
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`
permissible limit of 0.025/Rμ i.e 0.025/4 0.625 % for ultimate limit state as per NBC
105:2020.
ALL VALUE ARE WITH IN PERMISSIBLE LIMIT
BASE REACTION
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Table 3.1 - Base Reactions

Load FX FY FZ MX MY MZ X Y Z
Case/Combo kN kN kN kN-m kN-m kN-m m m m
Dead 0 0 1836.2389 11124.7987 -8832.0735 -5.207E-07 0 0 0
Live 0 0 418.4585 2375.7923 -2269.8339 0 0 0 0
Live>3 0 0 166.2693 1324.5163 -282.172 0 0 0 0
wall 0 0 1334.4791 8010.804 -6530.2674 0 0 0 0
ff 0 0 321.461 1889.6131 -1603.937 0 0 0 0
pwl 0 0 237.9479 1199.714 -1282.5629 0 0 0 0
stairdead 0 0 34.7786 274.3126 -59.4491 0 0 0 0
rooflive 0 0 150.7468 865.1615 -785.0672 0 0 0 0
eqxsls 1 -470.6962 0 0 0 -3311.2069 2873.6902 0 0 0
eqxsls 2 -470.6962 0 0 0 -3311.2069 3178.5287 0 0 0
eqxsls 3 -470.6962 0 0 0 -3311.2069 2568.8517 0 0 0
eqxuls 1 -490.3086 0 0 0 -3449.1738 2993.4273 0 0 0
eqxuls 2 -490.3086 0 0 0 -3449.1738 3310.9674 0 0 0
eqxuls 3 -490.3086 0 0 0 -3449.1738 2675.8872 0 0 0
eqyuls 1 0 -490.3086 0 3449.1738 -5.454E-07 -2293.4615 0 0 0
eqyuls 2 0 -490.3086 0 3449.1738 -1.428E-06 -2556.7129 0 0 0
eqyuls 3 0 -490.3086 0 3449.1738 0 -2030.2101 0 0 0
eqysls 1 0 -470.6962 0 3311.2069 -5.236E-07 -2201.723 0 0 0
eqysls 2 0 -470.6962 0 3311.2069 -1.371E-06 -2454.4444 0 0 0
eqysls 3 0 -470.6962 0 3311.2069 0 -1949.0017 0 0 0
1.2dl+1.5ll 0 0 5394.9782 32549.5538 -25797.9565 -1.604E-06 0 0 0
dl+0.3ll+eqx Max -490.3086 0 3940.3238 23609.335 -22523.0654 3310.9674 0 0 0
dl+0.3ll+eqx Min -490.3086 0 3940.3238 23609.335 -22523.0654 2675.8872 0 0 0
dl+0.3ll-eqx Max 490.3086 0 3940.3238 23609.335 -15624.7178 -2675.8872 0 0 0
dl+0.3ll-eqx Min 490.3086 0 3940.3238 23609.335 -15624.7178 -3310.9674 0 0 0
dl+0.3ll+eqy Max 0 -490.3086 3940.3238 27058.5089 -19073.8916 -2030.2101 0 0 0
dl+0.3ll+eqy Min 0 -490.3086 3940.3238 27058.5089 -19073.8916 -2556.7129 0 0 0
dl+0.3ll-eqy Max 0 490.3086 3940.3238 20160.1612 -19073.8916 2556.7129 0 0 0
dl+0.3ll-eqy Min 0 490.3086 3940.3238 20160.1612 -19073.8916 2030.2101 0 0 0
1.5dl+1.5ll 0 0 6524.4498 39299.3266 -31290.4435 -1.827E-06 0 0 0
envelpoe Max 490.3086 490.3086 5394.9782 32549.5538 -15624.7178 3310.9674 0 0 0
envelpoe Min -490.3086 -490.3086 3940.3238 20160.1612 -25797.9565 -3310.9674 0 0 0
Table 3.2 - Centers of Mass and Rigidity

Cumulative Cumulative
Mass X Mass Y XCM YCM XCCM YCCM XCR YCR
Story Diaphragm X Y
kg kg m m m m m m
kg kg
Story1 D1 94610 94610 4.9291 5.9657 94610 94610 4.9291 5.9657
Story2 D2 94610 94610 4.9291 5.9657 94610 94610 4.9291 5.9657
Story3 D3 42734.58 42734.58 4.3383 6.3668 42734.58 42734.58 4.3383 6.3668
Story4 D4 4958.54 4958.54 1.7071 7.9572 4958.54 4958.54 1.7071 7.9572
Table 3.7 - Story Stiffness
Load Shear X Drift X Stiffness X Shear Y Drift Y Stiffness Y

Story
Case kN mm kN/m kN mm kN/m
Story4 eqxsls 1 22.8591 1.42 16095.85 0 0.032 0

Story3 eqxsls 1 185.7482 3.686 50387.905 0 0.304 0
Story2 eqxsls 1 377.8953 6.187 61075.877 0 0.608 0
Story1 eqxsls 1 470.6962 5.096 92368.26 0 0.571 0
Story4 eqxsls 2 22.8591 1.444 15825.978 0 0.081 0
Story3 eqxsls 2 185.7482 4.043 45945.583 0 0.12 0
Story2 eqxsls 2 377.8953 6.072 62238.225 0 0.09 0
Story1 eqxsls 2 470.6962 4.918 95715.551 0 0.097 0
Story4 eqxsls 3 22.8591 1.396 16375.085 0 0.088 0
Page 29
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Load Shear X Drift X Stiffness X Shear Y Drift Y Stiffness Y

Story
Case kN mm kN/m kN mm kN/m
Story3 eqxsls 3 185.7482 3.66 50745.2 0 0.596 0

Story2 eqxsls 3 377.8953 6.379 59245.119 0 1.166 0
Story1 eqxsls 3 470.6962 5.274 89247.176 0 1.043 0
Story4 eqxuls 1 23.8115 1.479 16095.85 0 0.033 0
Story3 eqxuls 1 193.4877 3.84 50387.905 0 0.316 0
Story2 eqxuls 1 393.6409 6.445 61075.877 0 0.633 0
Story1 eqxuls 1 490.3086 5.308 92368.26 0 0.595 0
Story4 eqxuls 2 23.8115 1.505 15825.978 0 0.084 0
Story3 eqxuls 2 193.4877 4.211 45945.583 0 0.124 0
Story2 eqxuls 2 393.6409 6.325 62238.225 0 0.094 0
Story1 eqxuls 2 490.3086 5.123 95715.551 0 0.101 0
Story4 eqxuls 3 23.8115 1.454 16375.085 0 0.092 0
Story3 eqxuls 3 193.4877 3.813 50745.2 0 0.621 0
Story2 eqxuls 3 393.6409 6.644 59245.119 0 1.214 0
Story1 eqxuls 3 490.3086 5.494 89247.176 0 1.087 0
Story4 eqyuls 1 0 0.033 0 23.8115 1.891 12595.037
Story3 eqyuls 1 0 0.17 0 193.4877 5.077 38110.187
Story2 eqyuls 1 0 0.384 0 393.6409 7.596 51825.415
Story1 eqyuls 1 0 0.229 0 490.3086 6.272 78180.273
Story4 eqyuls 2 0 0.047 0 23.8115 1.835 12978.472
Story3 eqyuls 2 0 0.415 0 193.4877 4.833 40036.775
Story2 eqyuls 2 0 0.9 0 393.6409 7.672 51310.424
Story1 eqyuls 2 0 0.598 0 490.3086 6.326 77509.511
Story4 eqyuls 3 0 0.093 0 23.8115 1.946 12233.608
Story3 eqyuls 3 0 0.191 0 193.4877 5.319 36376.898
Story2 eqyuls 3 0 0.183 0 393.6409 7.557 52092.527
Story1 eqyuls 3 0 0.182 0 490.3086 6.217 78862.745
Story4 eqysls 1 0 0.032 0 22.8591 1.815 12595.037
Story3 eqysls 1 0 0.164 0 185.7482 4.874 38110.187
Story2 eqysls 1 0 0.368 0 377.8953 7.292 51825.415
Story1 eqysls 1 0 0.22 0 470.6962 6.021 78180.273
Story4 eqysls 2 0 0.045 0 22.8591 1.761 12978.472
Story3 eqysls 2 0 0.398 0 185.7482 4.639 40036.775
Story2 eqysls 2 0 0.864 0 377.8953 7.365 51310.424
Story1 eqysls 2 0 0.574 0 470.6962 6.073 77509.511
Story4 eqysls 3 0 0.089 0 22.8591 1.869 12233.608
Story3 eqysls 3 0 0.184 0 185.7482 5.106 36376.898
Story2 eqysls 3 0 0.176 0 377.8953 7.254 52092.527
Story1 eqysls 3 0 0.175 0 470.6962 5.969 78862.745
3.3 Modal Results

Table 3.8 - Modal Periods and Frequencies
Circular
Period Frequency Eigenvalue
Case Mode Frequency
sec cyc/sec rad²/sec²
rad/sec
Modal 1 0.636 1.571 9.8722 97.4612
Modal 2 0.6 1.667 10.4755 109.7354
Modal 3 0.519 1.928 12.1133 146.7318
Modal 4 0.206 4.85 30.4762 928.8005
Modal 5 0.202 4.951 31.1097 967.8137
Modal 6 0.182 5.497 34.5362 1192.752
Modal 7 0.129 7.761 48.766 2378.1273
Modal 8 0.127 7.872 49.4617 2446.4615
Modal 9 0.118 8.467 53.1971 2829.9318
Modal 10 0.091 10.956 68.8401 4738.9616
Modal 11 0.086 11.656 73.234 5363.2169
Modal 12 0.076 13.089 82.2421 6763.7661
Table 3.9 - Modal Participating Mass Ratios (Part 1 of 2)

Page 30
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Period
Case Mode UX UY UZ Sum UX Sum UY Sum UZ
sec
Modal 1 0.636 0.1445 0.4428 0 0.1445 0.4428 0
Modal 2 0.6 0.2649 0.4026 0 0.4095 0.8454 0
Modal 3 0.519 0.4476 0.0118 0 0.8571 0.8573 0
Modal 4 0.206 0.0132 0.0823 0 0.8703 0.9396 0
Modal 5 0.202 0.0425 0.0248 0 0.9128 0.9644 0
Modal 6 0.182 0.0498 6.908E-06 0 0.9625 0.9644 0
Modal 7 0.129 0.0147 0.0048 0 0.9773 0.9693 0
Modal 8 0.127 0.0038 0.0263 0 0.981 0.9955 0
Modal 9 0.118 0.0136 0.0003 0 0.9946 0.9958 0
Modal 10 0.091 4.686E-05 0.0004 0 0.9946 0.9962 0
Modal 11 0.086 0.0003 0.0001 0 0.995 0.9963 0
Modal 12 0.076 9.036E-06 7.149E-06 0 0.995 0.9963 0
Table 3.9 - Modal Participating Mass Ratios (Part 2 of 2)
Case Mode RX RY RZ Sum RX Sum RY Sum RZ
Modal 1 0.0655 0.0195 0.2777 0.0655 0.0195 0.2777

Modal 2 0.0933 0.0434 0.1917 0.1588 0.0629 0.4694
Modal 3 0.0096 0.1026 0.3933 0.1684 0.1655 0.8627
Modal 4 0.5574 0.0807 0.0135 0.7259 0.2462 0.8762
Modal 5 0.1885 0.3093 0.0368 0.9144 0.5555 0.913
Modal 6 0.0013 0.3598 0.0525 0.9157 0.9153 0.9655
Modal 7 0.0091 0.028 0.0077 0.9248 0.9433 0.9731
Modal 8 0.0527 0.0047 0.0017 0.9775 0.948 0.9749
Modal 9 0.0004 0.0267 0.0202 0.978 0.9747 0.9951
Modal 10 0.0044 0.0018 0.0001 0.9823 0.9766 0.9952
Modal 11 0.0011 0.004 0.0003 0.9835 0.9806 0.9954
Modal 12 0.0001 3.236E-05 0.0001 0.9836 0.9806 0.9955
Table 3.10 - Modal Load Participation Ratios

Static Dynamic
Case Item Type Item
% %
Modal Acceleration UX 100 99.5
Modal Acceleration UY 100 99.63
Modal Acceleration UZ 0 0
Table 3.11 - Modal Direction Factors

Period
Case Mode UX UY UZ RZ
sec
Modal 1 0.636 0.165 0.511 0 0.324
Modal 2 0.6 0.305 0.488 0 0.207
Modal 3 0.519 0.538 0.03 0 0.432
Modal 4 0.206 0.108 0.737 0 0.155
Modal 5 0.202 0.411 0.281 0 0.308
Modal 6 0.182 0.498 0.044 0 0.458
Modal 7 0.129 0.48 0.188 0 0.332
Modal 8 0.127 0.164 0.803 0 0.034
Modal 9 0.118 0.38 0.071 0 0.548
Modal 10 0.091 0.318 0.639 0 0.043
Modal 11 0.086 0.633 0.199 0 0.168
Modal 12 0.076 0.006 0.026 0 0.969
Slab Design
Page 31
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DESIGN OF SLAB
Panel Between Grid B&C, 1&2
Project - RESIDENTAL BUILDING
LEVEL - Story 1
5.62671816
Short Span, lx (m) = 4.571
Long Span,ly(m) = 5.129
ly/lx 1.122 Two Adjacent Edges Discontinuous
CASE AS PER IS 456:2000 Case No. 4 1 Interior Panels
GRADE OF CONC. N/sq mm 20 2 One Short Edge Discontinous
GRADE OF ST EEL N/sq mm 500 3 One Long Edge Discontinous
COVER OF MAIN R/F (mm) 15 4 Two Adjacent Edges Discontinous
SLAB T HICKNESS (mm) 125 5 Two Short Edges Discontinous
Effective Depth 106 6 Two Long Edges Discontinous
COMPUTATION OF LOADING 7 One Long Edge Continous
SELF WEIGHT OF SLAB 0.3125 T /SQ M 8 One Short Edge Continous
WPC+ FLOOR FINISH 0.2 T /SQ M 9 Four Edges Discontinous
FILL LOAD 0 T /SQ M
LIVE LOAD 0.3 T /SQ M
T OT AL (DL+LL) 0.813 T /SQ M
Factored Load(DL+LL) 1.219 T /SQ M
Coefficient Moment (KN.m) pt % Ast req. (sq.mm)
- ve short span ( support ) 0.055 13.999 0.311 329
+ ve short span (mid span ) 0.041 10.518 0.228 242
- ve long span( support ) 0.047 11.968 0.262 278
+ ve long span( long span) 0.035 8.913 0.192 203
3
Provided reinforcement - span position dia. spacing Ast prov. Ast req. (sq.mm)
mm mm c/c sq.mm
Short Span support 8 150 335 329 OK
midspan 8 150 335 242 OK
Long Span support 8 150 335 278 OK
midspan 8 150 335 203 OK
MIN REINFORCEMENT = 0.12% = 150 SQ MM IN EIT HER DIRECT ION

M AXIMUM SPACING 300 mm
CHECK FOR DEFLECTION
AST REQD.= 329

AST PROD.= 335
fs= 284.880114
PT% 0.31626235
FROM FIG. 4 ( IS456-2000), WE OBTAIN
M.F.= 1.7
d (REQD.)= 103
D (REQD.)= 122 < 125
OK
Page 32
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Fig: Joint Label
DESIGN OF STAIRCASE
Page 33
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Staircase Design
Data
Effective Span (l) 4.57 m
Riser (R) 178 mm
Thread (T) 254 mm
Overall Depth (D) 125 mm
Effective Cover 15 mm
Thickness of slab (t) 127 mm
Grade of Concrete (fck) 25 MPa

Grade of Steel (fy) 500 MPa
Loading
Loads on going Loads on waist slab
Self weight of waist slab 3.82 KN/m Self weight of landing slab 3.18 KN/m
Self weight of steps 2.23 KN/m Live Load 4.00 KN/m
Live Load 4.00 KN/m Floor Finish Load 1.25 KN/m
Floor Finish Load 1.25 KN/m Total Load 8.43 KN/m
Total Load 11.29 KN/m Factored Load 12.64 KN/m
Factored Load 16.94 KN/m
Bending Moment
Calculate Bending Moment using the equation (W*L*L )/8
Bending Moment = 44 KN-m
Reaction
to be used as UDL = 39 KN
Singly/Doubly Reinforced Check

Mu,lim = 0.36 fck b xu,lim(d-0.42 xu,lim)
For Fe 500,
xu,lim = 0.46d
2
Hence, Mu.lim = 0.1336fck*b*d 54 KN-m
Hence, the section can be designed as singly reinforced.
Area of Main Steel

Ast required 941 sqmm
Page 34
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Spacing
Diameter of bar in mm (ø) 12
Spacing required in mm 120 c/c
Spacing provided in mm 100 c/c
Provded Main Steel: 12 mm ø bars @ 100 c/c
Area of Distribution Steel

Ast required 150 sqmm
Spacing
Diameter of bar in mm (ø) 8
Spacing in mm 335 c/c
Spacing provided in mm 150 c/c
Provided Distridution Steel: 8 mm ø bars @ 150 c/c
Design of foundation
The purpose of the foundation is to effectively support the superstructure by
transmitting the applied load effects to the soil below, without exceeding the safe
bearing capacity of the superstructure by ensuring settlement of the structure is within
tolerable limits, and as nearly uniform as possible.
The choice of the type of the foundation depends not only on the type of the
superstructure and the magnitude and types of reactions induced at the base of the
superstructure, but also on the nature of the soil strata on top of which the substructure
is to be founded.
The foundation used for this building is isolated foundation. Bearing Capacity of Soil is
120KN/m2.
Design of Isolated Footing

F1
Page 35
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Isolated Footing ALL( D3,D4,E2,E3,E4 )F1
1 Footing Size Design
Load Pu 780 KN
Design Load P 520 KN
Moment in x dir Mux 3.00 KN-m

Moment in y dir Muy -7.00 KN-m
Column size cx 304 mm

cy 304 mm
SBC q 120 KN/sqm
Footing Size required A req 4.77 sqmm
L 2.25 meters
Footing Size Provided
B 2.25 meters
Area Provided A prvd 5.06 meters
Zx 1.90
Zx 1.90
Net upward pressure Nup 101 KNm2
Footing Size OK
2 Slab Design
lx 0.973
ly 0.973
Bending Moment in x dir Mx 72 KN-m

Bending Moment in y dir My 72 KN-m
Concrete fck 20 MPa

Steel fy 500 MPa
Minimum Depth Required dmin 165
Depth Provided D 450 mm

Clear Cover c 50 mm
Effective Cover d' 56 mm
Effective Depth d' 394 mm
Spacing c/c in mm
Area of Steel
12# 16# 20#
473 sqmm 239 c/c 425 c/c 664 c/c
473 sqmm 239 c/c 425 c/c 664 c/c
Minimum Ast required across x direcion
Minimum Ast required across y direcion
Ast across x direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm

Ast across y direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm
3 One Way Shear along x direction
Page 36
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Vu1 198 KN
ζv 0.223 MPa
ζc 0.260 MPa
Vc1 231 KN
One Way Shear Check OK
4 One Way Shear along y direction
Vu1 198 KN
ζv 0.223 MPa
ζc 0.260 MPa
Vc1 231 KN
5 Two Way Shear

Vu2 695 KN
ζv 0.632 MPa
ks*ζc 1.118 MPa

Vc1 1230 KN
Two Way Shear Check OK
L= 2.25 meters
304
304
B= 2.25 meters
Page 37
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450 mm
200 mm
12 mm @ 150 mm
12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c
dia c/c
Page 38
`
Vu1 198 KN
ζv 0.223 MPa
ζc 0.260 MPa
Vc1 231 KN
Vu1 198 KN
ζv 0.223 MPa
ζc 0.260 MPa
Vc1 231 KN
5 Two Way Shear

Vu2 695 KN
ζv 0.632 MPa
ks*ζc 1.118 MPa

Vc1 1230 KN
L= 2.25 meters
304
304
B= 2.25 meters
450 mm
200 mm
12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c
Page 39
`
F2
Isolated Footing ALLEXCEPT( D3,D4,E2,E3,E4 )F2
Load Pu 596 KN
Design Load P 397 KN
Moment in x dir Mux 12.00 KN-m

Moment in y dir Muy 7.00 KN-m
Column size cx 304 mm

cy 304 mm
SBC q 120 KN/sqm
L 1.95 meters
B 1.95 meters
Zx 1.24
Zx 1.24
Footing Size OK
2 Slab Design
lx 0.823
ly 0.823
Bending Moment in x dir Mx 58 KN-m

Bending Moment in y dir My 58 KN-m
Concrete fck 20 MPa

Steel fy 500 MPa
Minimum Depth Required dmin 148

Clear Cover c 50 mm
Spacing c/c in mm
Area of Steel
12# 16# 20#
473 sqmm 239 c/c 425 c/c 664 c/c
473 sqmm 239 c/c 425 c/c 664 c/c
Minimum Ast required across y direcion

Ast across y direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm
Page 40
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Vu1 144 KN
ζv 0.187 MPa
ζc 0.260 MPa
Vc1 200 KN
Vu1 144 KN
ζv 0.187 MPa
ζc 0.260 MPa
Vc1 200 KN
5 Two Way Shear

Vu2 571 KN
ζv 0.519 MPa
ks*ζc 1.118 MPa

Vc1 1230 KN
L= 1.95 meters
304
304
B= 1.95 meters
450 mm
200 mm
Page 41
`
SB1
Design of Strap Footing(C2-E2)
can't change these values
change these values
INPUT DATA :=
fc' = 20 N/mm2
fy = 500 N/mm2
Bearing Capacity 120 KN/m2
Size of Column A (c1xc2) = 0.304 x 0.304
Size of Column B (c1xc2) = 0.304 x 0.304
Distance between two A and B Columns (S) = 4.62054252 m
Distance of Col A Left edge with edge of footing = 0 m
Distance of Col A with edge of footing = 0.152 m
Service Load Pa = 366.666667 KN
Service Load Pb = 520 KN
FOOTING DESIGN :=
Assume Dimesions :=
Lever
Bredth
Footing Thickness (m) Length (m) Area (m2) Status Arm -X Lever Arm -Y
(m)
(m) (m)
A 0.45 2.25 2.25 5.06 Dimension Ok 1.946 0.973
B 0.45 2.25 2.25 5.06 Dimension O.k 0.973 0.973
Eccentricity; e = 0.973 m
Eccentric Moment ; M = 357 knm
Shear; V = 98 KN
Reaction Ra = 269 KN
Reaction Rb = 422 KN
Area Required of Footing A = 2.24 m2

Area Required of Footing B = 3.52 m2
Factored Load :=
Pua = 550 KN
Pub = 780 KN
Mua = 535 k-m
Vua= 147 kN
Rua = 696.7 kn
Rub = 633.3 kn
Linear Pressure Per Linear Foot; A = 309.65 kn/m

Linear Pressure Per Linear Foot; B = 281.46 kN/m
Shear and Moment Diagram :=
Point Distance (m) Shear Point Distance (ft) Moment

Point 1 0.152 Vu = 47 KN Point 1 0.152 Mu = 4 KNm
Point 2 0.152 Vu= -503 KN Point 2 - Mu = - KNm
Point 3 1.7762 Vu = 0 KN Point 3 1.7762 Mu = -405 KNm
Point 5 2.599385629 Vu= 147 KN Point 5 2.599386 Mu = -319 KNm
Point 10 4.772542518 Vu = -317 KN Point 10 4.87 Mu = 132 KNm
Point 11 5.897542518 Vu= 0 KN Point 11 5.897543 Mu = 0 KNm
Page 42
`
Punching Check :=
Footing A:=
Cover = 0.075 m
d avg= 0.37 m
bo = 5.85 m
qu = 137.62 kN/m2
Vup = 341.60 KN
Vcp = 0.25fc' bo davg = 2411.79 KN
Adequate in Punching
Footing B:=
Cover = 0.075 m
d avg = 0.37 m
bo = 4.27 m
qu = 125.09 kn/m2
Vup = 656.96 KN
Vcp = 0.25√fc' bo davg = 1761.20 KN
Wide Beam Shear Check or One way shear check :=

Footing A:=
Vud = qu{B/2-c1/2-davg} L = 187.03 KN
ΦVcd = (tc′) L davg = 232.47 KN
Adequate in Shear
Footing B:=
Vud = qu{L/2 – c2/2-davg} B = 170.00 KN
Vud = qu{B/2 – c1/2-davg} L = 170.00 KN
Vcd = (tc′) B davg = 232.47 kn

Vcd = (tc′) L davg = 232.47 kn
Adequate in Shear
Adequate in Shear
Page 43
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STRAP DESIGNING
Assume Dimension of Beam = 0.355 x 0.7112
Cover = 0.04 m
Effective Depth, d = 0.6712 m
Vc = tc' b d = 66.72 KN
66.71728
Design Flexural R/F :=
Point Mu (k-m) Ru (KN/m2) e (req) e(min) e (max) As (req) As (min) As (max) Ast (mm2)
Point 3 405 2254.682 0.0061 0.0017 0.0400 1545.928 429.209 10099.040 1545.928
Point 4 370 2061.113 0.0055 0.0017 0.0400 1387.507 429.209 10099.040 1387.507
Point 5 319 1775.638 0.0046 0.0017 0.0400 1165.644 429.209 10099.040 1165.644
Point 6 268 1490.163 0.0038 0.0017 0.0400 955.787 429.209 10099.040 955.787
Point 7 216 1204.688 0.0030 0.0017 0.0400 756.175 429.209 10099.040 756.175
Point 8 165 919.212 0.0022 0.0017 0.0400 565.441 429.209 10099.040 565.441
Point9 178 991.927 0.0024 0.0017 0.0400 613.245 429.209 10099.040 613.245
As As Dia Bar No. of bars Bar No. No. of bars

Point
(top) (bottom) (top) (top) (bottom) (bottom)
Point 3 1545.928 772.964 16 8 16 4
Point 4 1387.507 693.754 16 7 16 4
Point 5 1165.644 582.822 16 6 16 3
Point 6 955.787 477.893 16 5 16 3
Point 7 756.175 378.088 16 4 16 2
Point 8 565.441 470.000 16 3 16 3
PROVIDE 8 No Top bar of 16 mm diameter
PROVIDE 4 No Bottom bar of 16 mm diameter
Design Shear Stirrups :=
Vu ( Left Support) = 248.03 KN@ 0.9752 m from left

Vu (Right Support) = 378.41 KN@ 3.949342518 m from left
Φ Vc = 66.72 KN
S = Av fyt d / Vs
Max S = min ( d /2 , 0.87Av fyt /0.4 bw, 600, d/4, 300)
fyt = 500 N/mm2
Single/D
Bar No. of Max S
Vu (KN) Status Vs (KN) ouble Av (mm2) S (mm)
Stirrup (mm)
Stirrup
Beam on footing (Left) 248 Shear R/F Needed 181.31 8 Double 201.088 300.000 300
Beam on footing (Right) 378 Shear R/F Needed 311.70 8 Double 201.088 300.000 300.00
Beam without footing 147 Shear R/F Needed 106.663919 8 Double 201.088 300.000 300
Page 44
`
SB2
Design of Strap Footing(E2--F2)
change these values
INPUT DATA :=
fc' = 20 N/mm2
fy = 500 N/mm2
FOOTING DESIGN :=
Assume Dimesions :=
Lever
Bredth
(m)
(m) (m)
A 0.45 1.95 1.95 3.80 Dimension Ok 1.646 0.823
B 0.45 2.25 2.25 5.06 Dimension O.k 0.973 0.973
Shear; V = 82 KN

Factored Load :=
Pua = 391 KN
Pub = 780 KN
Mua = 322 k-m
Vua= 123 kN
Rua = 514.5 kn
Rub = 656.5 kn


Page 45
`
Punching Check :=
Footing A:=
Cover = 0.075 m
d avg= 0.37 m
bo = 5.25 m
qu = 137.68 kN/m2
Vup = 210.32 KN
Vcp = 0.25fc' bo davg = 2164.26 KN
Footing B:=
Cover = 0.075 m
d avg = 0.37 m
bo = 4.27 m
qu = 127.90 kn/m2
Vup = 654.20 KN
Vcp = 0.25√fc' bo davg = 1761.20 KN

Footing A:=
Vud = qu{B/2-c1/2-davg} L = 121.89 KN
Adequate in Shear
Footing B:=
Vud = qu{L/2 – c2/2-davg} B = 173.81 KN
Vud = qu{B/2 – c1/2-davg} L = 173.81 KN

Adequate in Shear
Adequate in Shear
Page 46
`
Design Reinforcement :=
Footing A:=
Min
As = e b d
Direction Mu (k-m) Ru (KN/m2) e As = 0.0012 Ast (m2)
(m2)
bD
X-Dir 364 1369.758 0.0034 3025.259 1053.000 3025.259
Y-Dir 91 342.439 0.0008 578.347 1053.000 1053.000
Bar # 12
Footing R/F = Size 1.95 x 1.95 x 0.45

X-Bars # 12 @ 72 mm c/c
Y-Bars # 12 @ 209 mm c/c
Providing at 12 mm dia bar at spacing 6 " c/c
Footing B:=
Min
As = e b d
Direction Mu (k-m) Ru (kN/m2) e As = 0.0012 Ast (m2)
(m2)
bh
X-Dir 136 444.633 0.0011 871.955 1215.000 1215.000
Y-Dir 178 581.094 0.0014 1149.425 1215.000 1215.000
Bar # 12

X-Bars # 12 @ 209 in c/c
Y-Bars # 12 @ 209 in c/c
Page 47
`
STRAP DESIGNING
Cover = 0.04 m
Vc = tc' b d = 51.57 KN
51.56872
Point 3 225 2032.367 0.0054 0.0017 0.0400 1072.156 337.236 7934.960 1072.156
Point 4 193 1737.306 0.0045 0.0017 0.0400 893.209 337.236 7934.960 893.209
Point 5 182 1639.215 0.0042 0.0017 0.0400 835.983 337.236 7934.960 835.983
Point 6 171 1541.124 0.0039 0.0017 0.0400 779.785 337.236 7934.960 779.785
Point 7 160 1443.033 0.0037 0.0017 0.0400 724.560 337.236 7934.960 724.560
Point 8 149 1344.942 0.0034 0.0017 0.0400 670.260 337.236 7934.960 670.260
Point9 182 1642.765 0.0042 0.0017 0.0400 838.036 337.236 7934.960 838.036

Point
Point 3 1072.156 536.078 16 6 16 3
Point 4 893.209 446.604 16 5 16 3
Point 5 835.983 417.992 16 5 16 3
Point 6 779.785 389.892 16 4 16 2
Point 7 724.560 362.280 16 4 16 2
Point 8 670.260 470.000 16 4 16 3

Φ Vc = 51.57 KN
S = Av fyt d / Vs
fyt = 500 N/mm2
Single/D
Bar No. of Max S
Stirrup (mm)
Stirrup
Beam on footing (Left) 170 Shear R/F Needed 118.53 8 Double 201.088 259.400 259.4
Beam without footing 133 Shear R/F Needed 107.939398 8 Double 201.088 259.400 259.4
Page 48
`
SB3
change these values
INPUT DATA :=
fc' = 20 N/mm2
fy = 500 N/mm2
FOOTING DESIGN :=
Assume Dimesions :=
Lever
Bredth
(m)
(m) (m)
A 0.45 1.95 1.95 3.80 Dimension Ok 1.646 0.823
B 0.45 2.25 2.25 5.06 Dimension O.k 0.973 0.973
Shear; V = 110 KN

Factored Load :=
Pua = 523 KN
Pub = 690 KN
Mua = 430 k-m
Vua= 165 kN
Rua = 688.2 kn
Rub = 524.8 kn


Page 49
`
Punching Check :=
Footing A:=
Cover = 0.075 m
d avg= 0.37 m
bo = 5.25 m
qu = 184.51 kN/m2
Vup = 281.86 KN
Vcp = 0.25fc' bo davg = 2164.26 KN
Footing B:=
Cover = 0.075 m
d avg = 0.37 m
bo = 4.27 m
qu = 101.41 kn/m2
Vup = 591.25 KN
Vcp = 0.25√fc' bo davg = 1761.20 KN

Footing A:=
Vud = qu{B/2-c1/2-davg} L = 163.35 KN
Adequate in Shear
Footing B:=
Vud = qu{L/2 – c2/2-davg} B = 137.82 KN
Vud = qu{B/2 – c1/2-davg} L = 137.82 KN

Adequate in Shear
Adequate in Shear
Page 50
`
Footing A:=
Min
As = e b d
(m2)
bD
X-Dir 487 1835.685 0.0048 4209.779 1053.000 4209.779
Y-Dir 122 458.921 0.0011 780.673 1053.000 1053.000
Bar # 12

X-Bars # 12 @ 52 mm c/c
Y-Bars # 12 @ 209 mm c/c
Footing B:=
Min
As = e b d
(m2)
bh
X-Dir 108 352.560 0.0008 687.470 1215.000 1215.000
Y-Dir 141 460.762 0.0011 904.494 1215.000 1215.000
Bar # 12

X-Bars # 12 @ 209 in c/c
Y-Bars # 12 @ 209 in c/c
Page 51
`
STRAP DESIGNING
Cover = 0.04 m
Vc = tc' b d = 66.72 KN
66.71728
Point 3 302 1681.458 0.0043 0.0017 0.0400 1095.179 429.209 10099.040 1095.179
Point 4 258 1437.342 0.0036 0.0017 0.0400 918.126 429.209 10099.040 918.126
Point 5 244 1356.188 0.0034 0.0017 0.0400 860.923 429.209 10099.040 860.923
Point 6 229 1275.033 0.0032 0.0017 0.0400 804.491 429.209 10099.040 804.491
Point 7 214 1193.878 0.0030 0.0017 0.0400 748.799 429.209 10099.040 748.799
Point 8 200 1112.724 0.0027 0.0017 0.0400 693.819 429.209 10099.040 693.819
Point9 144 804.147 0.0019 0.0017 0.0400 490.818 429.209 10099.040 490.818

Point
Point 3 1095.179 547.590 16 6 16 3
Point 4 918.126 459.063 16 5 16 3
Point 5 860.923 430.462 16 5 16 3
Point 6 804.491 402.245 16 5 16 3
Point 7 748.799 374.400 16 4 16 2
Point 8 693.819 470.000 16 4 16 3

Φ Vc = 66.72 KN
S = Av fyt d / Vs
fyt = 500 N/mm2
Single/D
Bar No. of Max S
Stirrup (mm)
Stirrup
SB4
Page 52
`

change these values
INPUT DATA :=
fc' = 20 N/mm2
fy = 500 N/mm2
Service Load Pa = 292 KN
FOOTING DESIGN :=
Assume Dimesions :=
Lever
Bredth
(m)
(m) (m)
A 0.45 1.95 1.95 3.80 Dimension Ok 1.646 0.823
B 0.45 2.25 2.25 5.06 Dimension O.k 0.973 0.973
Shear; V = 92 KN

Factored Load :=
Pua = 438 KN
Pub = 648 KN
Mua = 360 k-m
Vua= 138 kN
Rua = 576.3 kn
Rub = 509.7 kn


Page 53
`
Punching Check :=
Footing A:=
Cover = 0.075 m
d avg= 0.37 m
bo = 5.25 m
qu = 151.56 kN/m2
Vup = 239.09 KN
Vcp = 0.25fc' bo davg = 2164.26 KN
Footing B:=
Cover = 0.075 m
d avg = 0.37 m
bo = 4.27 m
qu = 100.68 kn/m2
Vup = 548.98 KN
Vcp = 0.25√fc' bo davg = 1761.20 KN

Footing A:=
Vud = qu{B/2-c1/2-davg} L = 134.18 KN
Adequate in Shear
Footing B:=
Vud = qu{L/2 – c2/2-davg} B = 136.82 KN
Vud = qu{B/2 – c1/2-davg} L = 136.82 KN

Adequate in Shear
Adequate in Shear
Page 54
`
Footing A:=
Min
As = e b d
(m2)
bD
X-Dir 400 1507.908 0.0038 3366.156 1053.000 3366.156
Y-Dir 100 376.977 0.0009 638.027 1053.000 1053.000
Bar # 12

X-Bars # 12 @ 65 mm c/c
Y-Bars # 12 @ 209 mm c/c
Footing B:=
Min
As = e b d
(m2)
bh
X-Dir 107 350.003 0.0008 682.378 1215.000 1215.000
Y-Dir 140 457.421 0.0011 897.747 1215.000 1215.000
Bar # 12

X-Bars # 12 @ 209 in c/c
Y-Bars # 12 @ 209 in c/c
Page 55
`
STRAP DESIGNING
Cover = 0.04 m
Vc = tc' b d = 61.67 KN
61.66776
Point 3 258 1666.244 0.0043 0.0017 0.0400 1006.491 398.551 9377.680 1006.491
Point 4 226 1457.173 0.0037 0.0017 0.0400 865.637 398.551 9377.680 865.637
Point 5 208 1344.155 0.0034 0.0017 0.0400 791.614 398.551 9377.680 791.614
Point 6 191 1231.137 0.0031 0.0017 0.0400 718.972 398.551 9377.680 718.972
Point 7 173 1118.119 0.0028 0.0017 0.0400 647.635 398.551 9377.680 647.635
Point 8 156 1005.101 0.0025 0.0017 0.0400 577.535 398.551 9377.680 577.535
Point9 143 925.857 0.0023 0.0017 0.0400 529.088 398.551 9377.680 529.088

Point
Point 3 1006.491 503.246 16 6 16 3
Point 4 865.637 432.819 16 5 16 3
Point 5 791.614 395.807 16 4 16 2
Point 6 718.972 359.486 16 4 16 2
Point 7 647.635 323.817 16 4 16 2
Point 8 577.535 470.000 16 3 16 3

Φ Vc = 61.67 KN
S = Av fyt d / Vs
fyt = 500 N/mm2
Single/D
Bar No. of Max S
Stirrup (mm)
Stirrup
COMBINE FOOTING 1
Page 56
`
Combined Footing(B3-D3)
Load 1 Pu1 397 KN

Load 2 Pu2 464 KN
Combine load Pcu 861 KN
Design Load Pc 632 KN
Moment in x dir Mux 12 KN-m

Moment in y dir Muy 7 KN-m
c/c dist b/w col in x dir 2.234 meters

c/c dist b/w col in y dir 0.000 meters
Col Dim x dir 0.36 meters

y dir 0.36 meters
SBC q 120 KNm2
L 3.58 meters
B 1.98 meters
x bar 1.203
y bar 0.000
Zx 2.34
Zx 4.23
Nup 93 KNm2
Footing Size OK
Page 57
`
2 Slab Design

l 0.69 meters /=width of footing from col face
Bending Moment Ms 22 KN-m M=Nup*l 2 /2

Factored Moment Mus 33 KN-m 1.5*Ms
Concrete fck 20 MPa

Steel fy 500 MPa
Minimum Depth Required dmin 112 d=sqrt(Ms/Rumax*1000*b)

Clear Cover c 50 mm
Spacing c/c in mm
Area of Steel across x dir
12# 16# 20#
473 sqmm 239 c/c 425 c/c 664 c/c

Dist Ast across y direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm
3 Shear Check for Slab
Vu1 41 KN
ζv 0.105 MPa
ζc 0.260 MPa
Shear Check OK
Page 58
`
3
3.58 meters
1.98 meters
450 mm
200 mm
COMBINE FOOTING 2
Page 59
`
Combined Footing(A4-D4)
Load 1 Pu1 308 KN

Load 2 Pu2 453 KN
Combine load Pcu 761 KN
Design Load Pc 558 KN
Moment in x dir Mux 27 KN-m

Moment in y dir Muy -46 KN-m
c/c dist b/w col in x dir 2.490 meters

c/c dist b/w col in y dir 0.000 meters
Col Dim x dir 0.36 meters

y dir 0.36 meters
SBC q 120 KNm2
L 3.63 meters
B 1.98 meters
x bar 1.482
y bar 0.000
Zx 2.38
Zx 4.36
Nup 69 KNm2
Footing Size OK
Page 60
`
2 Slab Design

l 0.69 meters /=width of footing from col face
Bending Moment Ms 16 KN-m M=Nup*l 2 /2

Factored Moment Mus 25 KN-m 1.5*Ms
Concrete fck 20 MPa

Steel fy 500 MPa
Minimum Depth Required dmin 96 d=sqrt(Ms/Rumax*1000*b)

Clear Cover c 50 mm
Spacing c/c in mm
Area of Steel across x dir
12# 16# 20#
473 sqmm 239 c/c 425 c/c 664 c/c

Dist Ast across y direction 12 mm dia @ 150 mm c/c 754 sqmm
3 Shear Check for Slab
Vu1 31 KN
ζv 0.078 MPa
ζc 0.260 MPa
Shear Check OK
Page 61
`
3
3.63 meters
1.98 meters
450 mm
200 mm
Page 62
`
Chapter 2
DESIGN SUMMARY
Column Design Summary
Design parameters:
Concrete Grade: M20
Steel Grade: Fe500
Clear Cover: 40mm
Dia
S. Column Column Size Total

Column Grid Floor Stirrups
No Type BXD 20 16 12 bars
GF 4 4 8 8mm Ø
14”X14”
at
1 D3,E4,F4 C1 14”X14” FF 4 4 8 100/150
14”X14” SF 4 4 8 mm c/c
GF 8 8 8mm Ø
14”X14”
A4,B3,C2, at
2 C2 14”X14” FF 8 8
E2,E3,F2,F3 100/150
14”X14” SF 8 8 mm c/c
GF 8 8mm Ø
14”X14” 8
at
3 C3 14”X14” FF 8 8
D4 100/150
14”X14” SF 8 8 mm c/c
Page 63
`
BEAM DESIGN SUMMARY
Design parameters:
Concrete Grade: M20
Steel Grade: Fe500
Clear Cover: 25mm
FLOOR STIRUP
NAME
REINFROCEMENT
SIZE
INCLUDING
S.N REGULAR ADDITIONAL
SLAB
THICKNESS
TOP BOTTOM TOP BOTTOM
(in no &mm) (in no&mm) (in no &mm) (in no&mm)
1. 9”X14” GF 2no.& 16mmØ 2no.& 16mmØ 1no.& 1no.& 8mm @

16mmØ 16mmØ 100/150
+1no.& mm c/c
12mmØ
2. 9”X14” 1F 2 no.& 16mmØ 2no.& 16mmØ 1no.& 1no.& 8mm @

16mmØ 16mmØ 100/150
mm c/c
3. 9”X14” 2F 2no.& 16mmØ 2no.& 16mmØ 1no.& 1no.& 8mm @

12mmØ 12mmØ 100/150
mm c/c
4.1 14X28” SB1 8no.& 16mmØ 4no.& 16mmØ 8mm @

250/300m
m c/c
4.2 14”X22” SB2 6no.& 16mmØ 3no.& 16mmØ 8mm @

250/300m
m c/c

250/300m
m c/c

250/300m
m c/c
5. 19”X12” PLINTH 3 no.& 12mmØ 3 no.& 12mmØ - - 8mm @

100/150
mm c/c
Footing Design Summary M20

Page 64
`
Concrete Grade:
Steel
Grade: Fe500
Clear
Cover: 50mm
Rebar
S.N Column Grid Footing ID Size Depth (mm) Dedge (mm) Dia Spacing Footing Type
3.58mx1.98
1 CF1 F4 m 450 200 12mm 150mm Isolated
3.63mx1.98
2 CF2 F3 m 450 200 12mm 150mm Isolated
EXCEPT
D2,D3,E2, 1.95mx1.95
3 E3,E4 F2 m 450 200 12mm 150mm Isolated
2.25mx2.25
4 D2,D3,E2,E3,E4 F1 m 450 200 12mm 150mm Isolated
Slab Design Summary

Design parameters:
Concrete Grade: M20
Steel Grade: Fe500
Clear Cover: 25mm
Type size(m) Thickness of

Reinforcement short Reinforcement long Slab
S5” 4.57mX 5.12 m 8mm @150c/c 8 mm @150c/c 125mm
Page 65
`
CHAPTER5: ANNEXES, CONCULSION AND REFRENCES

Annexes
Page 66
`
FLOOR FINISH LOAD & PWL LOAD
STAIR LIVE & STAIR DEAD
Page 67
`
WALL LOAD & LIVE LOAD
Page 68
`
FRAME MEMBER & BM DIAGRAM
Page 69
`
AF-DIAGRAM & SF-DIAGRAM
Page 70
`
COLUMN REINFORCEMET ALONG -4
Page 71
`
COLUMN REINFORCEMET ALONG – 2 & COLUMN REINFORCEMET ALONG – 3
Page 72
`
COLUMN REINFORCEMET ALONG – E & COLUMN REINFORCEMET ALONG – F
Page 73
`
COLUMN
REINFORCEMET ALONG – C & COLUMN REINFORCEMET ALONG – D
Page 74
`
COLUMN REINFORCEMET ALONG – A & COLUMN REINFORCEMET ALONG – B
Page 75
`
BEAM REINFORCEMENT DETAIL OF GF & BEAM REINFORCEMENT DETAIL OF FF
Page 76
`
BEAM REINFORCEMENT DETAIL OF 2F & 3F
Page 77
`
&Base reaction Fz
Conclusion
Ductility and strength required to resist major earthquake can be achieved by following
the recommendations made in the standard codes of practice for earthquake resistant
design. After the analysis of the building components, the building is found to be safe
against the loads considered above. All the sections are found to be stressed within the
permissible limits due to axial, shear, flexural and torsional forces produced due to
above forces. The slab and foundations were checked manually. Shear stirrups is
sufficiently provided so that none of the elements are Vulnerable to shear failure and
failure mode will be flexural, which is more ductile. Bearing capacity of the soil is
assumed to be 120 KN/m2. It is strongly recommended to check the bearing capacity
before construction so as to ensure the assumed value is within safe limits. The
structural safety would further depend upon the effectiveness of construction
Page 78
`
procedures as well as collapse and serviceability criteria followed during the

construction phases.
Design and construction of the structure are inter – related jobs. A building behaves in a
manner how it has been built rather than what the intensions is during designing. A
large percentage of structural failures are attributed due to poor quality of construction.
Therefore, quality assurance is needed in both design and construction. Durable M20
concrete has been used in the foundation which is in contact with the soil. M20 grade of
concrete is used during analysis and design for Beams and slabs whereas M20 grade is
used during analysis and design for columns. Ductile detailing has been extensively
adopted while detailing.
References
IS: 456 – 2000 Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced Concrete
IS: 875 (Parts 1-5) Code of practice for design loads (other than earthquake) for
buildings and structures (second revision) Part 1 – Dead loads Part 2 – Imposed loads
NBC 105: 2020 Seismic Design of Buildings in Nepal
IS: 1893 – 2002 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures
IS: 13920 - 1993 Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete Structures subjected to

Seismic forces - Code of Practice
SP: 16 – 1980 Design Aids for Reinforced Concrete to IS: 456 – 1978
SP: 34 – 1987
Jain, A.K.
Handbook on Concrete Reinforcement Detailing
Reinforced Concrete, Limit State Design, fifth edition, Nem Chand and Bros, Rookie,
1999
Sinha, S. N.
IS 875 – 1987 Wind Load
Page 79
`
A REPORT ON DETAILED STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

OF PROPOSED BUILDINGS
Page 80
`
The proposed building is designed by using ETABS 2016 Integrated

Building Design Software. The beam & column design are in corporate in
the report & is designed according to earthquake resistance design criteria
and is safe.
Submitted by:
………………………………
Er.
(Engg Council No. civil ‘A’)
Page 81

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A REPORT ON

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

Chapter 4 DESIGN SUMMARY......................................................................................................................................35

CHAPTER 1: GENERAL DATA AND LOAD CALCULATION

Description of the Building

Allowable Bearing Capacity 120 KN/m2

Relevant Codes Followed:-

S.N. Codes and Standards Description

Basic Principal of Analysis of the structure Step for earthquake load

1. Earthquake load with USER coefficient method (NBC 105:2020)

Basic Principal of Design of Foundation

1. Isolated Footing to support the structure.

Software used for Analysis and Design

Concrete and Steel Grade

Concrete Grade = M 20 for Foundation, Beams, Slabs and Columns

Preliminary Design for proportioning of the Structural Elements

Chapter 1 : 3D MODELLING, ANALYIS AND DESIGN

Fig: Plan & Elevation view of building in ETABS

Fig: 3D view of building in ETABS

Design Methods of Structural Elements

Limit State Method

a. The limit state of collapse or total failure of structure.

1. Dead Load (DL)

Following load combinations are adopted as per NBC

Specific weight of materials [Ref: IS: 875(Part 1)-1987)]

T = 0.075*h0.75 ( 5.1.2 NBC 105:2020]. For moment resisting frame

Seismic Load Calculation

The design horizontal seismic coefficient,

C(Ti) = Elastic Site Spectra at period (Ti)

h = Height of building in meters

I = 1.25 (for commercial building)

Table 1.13 - Mass Summary by Story

2.2 Frame Sections

Table 2.2 - Frame Sections - Summary

2.3 Shell Sections

User Coefficient Auto Seismic Load Calculation

Equivalent Lateral Forces

Base Shear Coefficient, C C=0.12

Calculated Base Shear

Applied Story Forces

Story Elevation X-Dir Y-Dir

User Coefficient Auto Seismic Load Calculation

Equivalent Lateral Forces

Base Shear Coefficient, C C=0.125

Calculated Base Shear

Applied Story Forces

Story Elevation X-Dir Y-Dir

Story2 6.35 200.1532 0

User Coefficient Auto Seismic Load Calculation

Equivalent Lateral Forces

Base Shear Coefficient, C C=0.125

Calculated Base Shear

Applied Story Forces

Story Elevation X-Dir Y-Dir

Story2 6.35 0 200.1532

User Coefficient Auto Seismic Load Calculation

Equivalent Lateral Forces

Base Shear Coefficient, C C=0.12