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GENERAL PHYSICS 2
Activity Title: Electricity
Activity No.: 4.1
Learning Competency:
Evaluate the equivalent resistance, current, and voltage in a given network of
resistors connected in series and/or parallel.
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How is electricity transmitted and distributed to our homes?
Photo courtesy: Obeki
From the power plants, electricity travels along cables and wires called transmission
lines. These transmission lines are put up between transmission substations which are regulated
by the National Power Corporation. The cables and wires may be constructed on towers (post) or
through underground. They are operated at high voltages, send out large amounts of electrical
power and extend over considerable distances.
From the generating station, the transmission substations step up the voltage to a range of
138,000 – 765,000 volts. Within the operating area, transmission substations reduce (step down)
the transmitted voltage to 34,500 – 138,000 volts. This power is then carried through lines to the
distribution systems located in the local service area.
The distribution system connects the transmission system to the customer’s house.
MERALCO is in charge of electrical energy distribution in Metro Manila. For Abuyog, Javier and
MacArthur, it is DORELCO. The distribution substations further step down the voltage to 2,400
– 19, 920 volts. A step-down transformer further reduces the voltage to 220 V – the standard AC
voltage in the Philippines. This voltage powers most of the electrical appliances we have at home.
Reference:
Department of Education Learning Module Grade 9
Prepared by LEONARDO G. PIGA, JR. Page 1 of 5
Now, electric circuit is a path that allows electric current (electricity) to flow a certain
way. If the electrons flow in an electrochemical cell (example is a battery), then the circuit is
internal circuit. But if it goes outside the electrochemical cell (to a wire or light bulb), then this
is an external circuit.
Sample Word Problem:
What is the current in a basic circuit that uses a 50-V battery and has three 20 Ω resistors?
Given: Working equation: Solution:
V = 50 V (volts) 𝑉 50 𝑉
𝐼= 𝐼=
R = three 20 Ω (ohms) 𝑅 60 Ω
I =?
I = 0.82 ampere (A)
How do the calculations happen in an electric bill?
One thing to consider is the power rating of our appliance. The
power rating of an appliance depends on both the voltage and current.
To find the power (in watts), use…
𝑃 = 𝑉𝐼
Where: P = power (watts) V = voltage I = current
To get the total energy used by an appliance in an hour, multiply the power consumption
by the one hour as in the formula…
𝐸 = 𝑃𝑡
Where: E = Energy used (kWh/kilowatt hour) P = Power (W) t = time (s)
To be cut:
Pictures taken from DepEd Learning Module Grade 9
Reference:
Department of Education Learning Module Grade 9
Prepared by LEONARDO G. PIGA, JR. Page 2 of 5
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GENERAL PHYSICS 2
Name: Grade & Section:
Activity Title: Electricity Activity No.: 4.1a
Learning Target:
1. Trace the path of electricity from the generating station, transmission station
and residential areas.
2. Describe how electrical power is generated, transmitted and distributed.
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DIRECTIONS: Cut out the illustrations on the attached sheet. Arrange them from first to sixth
stage. Do this below. Then, answer the questions below based from the online
discussion.
1. Where does electricity start from? From the video, how is it generated (produce)?
2. Where does the electricity travel? What happens as it reaches one station to another?
3. What is the last receiver of the electricity? How does it reach there?
Reference:
Department of Education Learning Module Grade 9
Prepared by LEONARDO G. PIGA, JR. Page 3 of 5
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GENERAL PHYSICS 2
Name: Grade & Section:
Activity Title: Date:
Activity No.: 4.1b
Learning Target
1. Identify Ohm’s law variables/components.
2. Solve for the Ohm’s Law on given problems.
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DIRECTIONS: Given the clues, identify what is asked in each item.
2 5 6
Across Down
2. The SI unit of resistance 1. It is the potential energy in charges.
3. It decreases the amount of 4. The SI unit of voltage
current flowing in a circuit. 5. It is the rate of flow electric charge or how
many electric charges flow in a system.
6. The SI unit of current
DIRECTIONS: Read and answer for the questions below.
1. What is the current basic circuit that uses a 60-V battery and has four 20 Ω resistors?
2. What is the voltage of a basic circuit that has a pair of 30 Ω resistors and has an electric
circuit of 5 A?
Reference:
Department of Education Learning Module Grade 9
Prepared by LEONARDO G. PIGA, JR. Page 4 of 5
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GENERAL PHYSICS 2
Name: Grade & Section:
Activity Title: Electricity Date:
Activity No.: 4.1c
Learning Target:
Solve for the energy power and cost of electricity.
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DIRECTIONS: Read and analyze the problems below. Show your complete solution.
1. At home, Jessie and his siblings use 3 computers for their online class for 4 hours every
day and together use 8.3 kW. How much energy is used in a day?
2. Anna watches TV on Saturday after her modular class on weekdays. If the TV has 400
watts and she used it for 8 hours, how much does it cost if electricity is ₱6.88 per kWh?
Convert: 400 W = 0.400 kilowatts
To compute for the cost, complete the solution below:
Cost = (__________ kWh) (6.88 pesos/kWh)
Cost = _____________ pesos
3. Last February, Mrs. Terry’s electric meter reads 8765 kWh. How much will she pay
for the power generation if the charge of the electric company per kWh is ₱6.88?
Reference:
Department of Education Learning Module Grade 9
Prepared by LEONARDO G. PIGA, JR. Page 5 of 5
