Republic of the Philippines

Laguna State Polytechnic University

Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

LSPU Self-Paced Learning Module (SLM)

Course English For Academic and Professional Purposes
Sem/AY First Semester/2021-2022
Module No. 1
Lesson Title Understanding Academic Texts
Week
2-3
Duration
Date September 20 - October 15, 2021
Description This lesson will discuss the definition, structures, and qualities of academic texts. This
of the lesson will also provide activities and exercises that will practice students’ knowledge
Lesson of academic structures and conventions of academic communication.

Learning Outcomes
Intended Students should be able to meet the following intended learning outcomes:
Learning • acquire knowledge of appropriate reading strategies for a better understanding
Outcomes of academic texts
Targets/ At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
Objectives • analyze a text based on its structure
• write a short academic text using a specific structure
• rewrite sentences to achieve correctness, clarity, conciseness and concreteness
• identify politically-correct terms for offensive words
• practice consideration and courtesy in communication

Student Learning Strategies

Online Activities A. Online Discussion via Facebook Group

(Synchronous/ The learning guide questions will be posted on the Facebook group
exclusive for the subject. Students shall answer the questions by
Asynchronous) commenting on the post. Their answers will be acknowledged by the
instructor by replying or reacting. Afterwards, the lecture will be posted
on the same Facebook group. Discussion shall flow on the comment
section of the lesson post. Student’s grade in participation shall vary
depending on the depth of their answers to the guide questions.

B. Learning Guide Questions:

1. What is academic text?
2. What are the different forms of academic text and their structures?
3. What are the Cs of Academic and Professional Communication?

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited
LECTURE

Academic Texts and Structures

Academic texts are student outputs required by any teachers as part of the
former’s academic requirements. These texts may have the purpose to
entertain, inform or persuade. In dealing with these texts however, it is
necessary that a reader identify the purpose and understand the author’s
perspective for a more meaningful reading experience. (Dapat, 2018)

As a writing convention, academic texts should be organized in a specific way

and should follow a clear structure. Text structure refers to how the
information is organized in a composition. This way, the reader could
comprehend better the message being conveyed by the writer. Also, by
following a specific structure, the writer could organize his material
appropriate for the level of the readers. (Dapat, 2018)

Any form of academic texts (expository, descriptive, narrative, argumentative)

is generally divided into three essential parts, such as:
• Introduction. This is the first paragraph in a text. It introduces the topic
of the whole text in the form of “thesis statement.” There are several
Offline Activities ways in writing the introduction such as a related quotation, a related
story, or a thought-provoking question, a related statistics or just giving
(e-Learning/Self-
the submit matter right away.
Paced) • Thesis Statement This is included in the introduction and a concise
statement of the whole texts’ main point. It is not merely a one-word or
phrase topic, but a sentence that somehow sums up the message or the
purpose of the whole text.
• Body. This is the meat of the text. It takes more than just one paragraph,
usually one for each idea. The arrangement of the ideas depends on the
type of academic text.
• Conclusion. This is the last paragraph in a text. It may summarize or go
back to the topic on full circle as mentioned in the introduction.

EXPOSITION

Exposition is writing that informs, defines, interprets and explains. Since its
purpose is to explain, exposition should contain factual, objective and verifiable
information. Opinions have no room in expository writing. Reports and
summaries are examples of expository writing. The explanation should be brief
and simple such as giving directions to get somewhere. Exposition is the most
common kind of academic writing most of us do. (Portillo, et al., 2003)

The structure or order in which information is presented depends on the

material itself and on the purpose of writing it down. The goals should be to
present ideas or facts in a logical order. The logical structure must be apparent

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited
at all times so that the reader will have a sense of progression and will know
that the writer is taking him somewhere. (Portillo, et al., 2003)

In deciding how to structure your expository text, consider the following:

• Chronological pattern – concerned with time, starting with the first
event to happen and ending on the last; applicable for topics that deals
with stages and developments (e.g. the stages of making a newspaper)
• Geographical pattern – concerned with location or position; can be done
in several ways depending on the topic such as top-to-bottom or vice
versa (e.g. the hierarchy of needs by Abraham Maslow), clockwise or
counterclockwise (e.g. the towns around the Laguna de Bay), inward or
outward (e.g. the layers of the Earth), and so on.
• Topical pattern – arranging of ideas with respect to classifications and
elements (e.g. the branches of mathematics, the types of intelligences)
• Cause-and-effect pattern – arranging of ideas in which the causes comes
first before the effects (e.g. global warming, poverty, teenage pregnancy)
• Problem-Solution Effect – arranging of ideas in which the problem is
mentioned first then followed by the possible solutions (e.g. solving
malnutrition, becoming English proficient)

In the examples below, the structure of expository texts are shown in outline
following the orders of information :

(Chronological) (Geographic) (Topical)

TOPIC: Making a Newspaper TOPIC: Hierarchy of Needs TOPIC: Branches of Math

I. Introduction I. Introduction I. Introduction

A. Thesis Statement A. Thesis Statement A. Thesis Statement
II. Body II. Body II. Body
A. Writing of Articles A. Physiological Need A. Algebra
B. Copyediting B. Safety Needs B. Geometry
C. Page Layout C. Love & Belonging C. Trigonometry
D. Proofreading D. Self-Esteem D. Calculus
E. Printing E. Self-Actualization E. Statistics
III. Conclusion III. Conclusion III. Conclusion

(Cause-and-Effect) (Problem Solution)

TOPIC: Global Warming TOPIC: Hyperhydrosis

I. Introduction I. Introduction
A. Thesis Statement A. Thesis Statement
II. Body II. Body
A. Causes A. Problem
1. Deforestation 1. Hyperhydrosis Cases
2. Industrial Activity B. Solutions
B. Effects 1. Antiperspirant
1. Greenhouse Effect 2. Antidepressants
2. Rise in Sea Level 3. Prescription Creams
III. Conclusion III. Conclusion

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited
DESCRIPTION

Descriptive writing tells us how something appears, tastes, feels, smells, acts
and sounds. It seeks us to give a clear picture of a person, a place, or an object.
If not purely descriptive, at least a mix of sights and sounds we know. (Portillo,
et al., 2003)

Good descriptive writing begins with careful observation of details. This is not
a mere heaping of adjectives. One precise adjective is better than four
carelessly chosen ones. In a conversation, when describing to your friends, take
advantage of the gestures, inflections and facial expressions to augment your
words. Example, they can see the tall trees, the rocky path, and the gold
shimmer of the sunset. When you write a description, you must create the same
impression. (Portillo, et al., 2003)

In deciding how to structure your descriptive text, you consider also consider
the geographical pattern of writing, depending on what you are describing. You
can describe it from top-to-bottom or vice versa, clockwise or
counterclockwise, inward or outward, and so on. Aside from geographical
pattern, you can also structure your descriptive test using your senses.

(Geographical Pattern) (Using the Senses)

TOPIC: Rest House TOPIC: Baguio City

I. Introduction I. Introduction
A. Thesis Statement A. Thesis Statement
II. Body II. Body
A. Front/Balcony A. Picturesque Views (Sense of Sight)
B. Living Room B. Aroma of Pines (Sense of Smell)
C. Dining Room C. Peaceful Silence (Sense of Hearing)
D. Kitchen D. Cold Climate (Sense of Touch)
E. Comfort Room E. Delicacies (Sense of Taste)
F. Bedroom III. Conclusion
III. Conclusion

NARRATION

Narration is simply telling about something that has happened. It is concerned

with actions and, like description and exposition, may be employed in
storytelling. Like the other two, there is no text that has pure narration. It
rarely exists in an unmixed state. Every account of an incident or a narrative
contains description and exposition. However, a writer may want to describe or
explain in the course in their narrative, still their main intention is to narrate or
relate a connected series of events. (Portillo, et al., 2003)

Narration then is connected with time and involved a series of events that
moved through time and what connects these events in a plan or sequence. A
good narrative has unity and order. Without these, the narrative will be a mere
jumble of random happenings. A good narrative cannot tell us everything that

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited
happened, but it can select events and place them in order or that the reader
will have a feeling of events or ideas progressing towards a specific end.
(Portillo, et al., 2003)

In deciding how to structure your narrative text, there is no better way than to
follow the chronological pattern. In creative writing (e.g. short story), you may
experiment with the chronology such as when using flashback and other
literary devices. However, since we are dealing with academic writing here,
your narrative should strictly follow the chronology of events.

(Chronological Pattern)
TOPIC: Narrative of a Seminar

I. Introduction
A. Thesis Statement
II. Body
A. Opening Program
B. First Speaker’s Lecture
C. Second Speaker’s Lecture
D. Intermission
E. Second Speaker’s Lecture
F. Third Speaker’s Lecture
G. Forum/Panel Discussion
III. Conclusion

ARGUMENTATION

Argumentation is a form of discourse in which statements are offered in

supports of a claim or a proposition. Argumentation is based on a rational
appeal to understanding, and its case is built on a network of logical
connections. It is designed to support a claim in a form of advocacy and in a
process of reasoning. The process Is valuable because it provides an arena for
testing the validity, truth, or probability of specific ideas, propositions and
claims. (Portillo, et al., 2003)

The argument presents reasons and evidences to gain an audience’s intellectual

agreement with the validity of a proposition. Like other forms, argumentative
texts rarely appear in pure argumentation. (Portillo, et al., 2003) As you argue,
you need to support your argument with evidences in which you can use
exposition, description, and narration.

Writers of argumentative texts with to persuade their readers to act on

suggestions or at least to accept the views expressed. Although argumentation
and persuasion are frequently confused, they actually differ. In argumentative
texts, reader’s agreement with the truth of the claim is has more to do with the
soundness of the evidences. Through this, arguments are usually addresses to a
general and unspecified type of readers. Whereas, persuasion is usually keyed
to the beliefs and prejudices of a specific type or group of readers. Arguments
tend to emphasize and appeal to logic, whereas persuasion tries to sway

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited
readers through calculated manipulation of their beliefs and prejudices.
(Portillo, et al., 2003)

In deciding how to structure your argumentative text, you should bear in mind
that supports and evidences are very important to support your main claim in
the thesis statement. They may be in the form of law, survey result or statistics,
known or unknown fact, and statements from authorities or credible
personalities. They take a part in the structured argumentative text to help you
prove your claim.
(Argumentative)
TOPIC: Death Penalty

I. Introduction
A. Thesis Statement
II. Body
A. Reasoning 1
1. Support/Evidence 1
2. Support/Evidence 2
B. Reasoning 2
1. Support/Evidence 1
2. Support/Evidence 2
C. Reasoning 3
1. Support/Evidence 1
2. Support/Evidence 2
D. Other Side’s Argument
1. Counter Argument
III. Conclusion

C’s of Academic and Professional Communication

Success in academic and professional pursuits is often hinged on one single

important word – communication; and most of it happens in English. And more
so in a country where English is the official language of the academe and
business, one has to learn to communicate effectively and be understood
effectively by people to facilitate productivity and work efficiently. However,
it’s not enough that one knows how to use the language. It is also imperative to
consider its substantial content, proper usage and applied mechanics. (Dapat,
2018)

The characteristics of academic communications employed in most of academic

texts are summarized into seven (7) C’s.

CORRECTNESS

Whether in academic or professional communications, errors should have no

room in any text or composition. Thus, writers must provide only appropriate
content or message; present well-organized and crafted ideas; be consistent in
tense, voice, mood, pronoun reference, tone and even level of language; apply

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited
parallelism; observe emphasis in style and purpose; and be particular with the
spelling, punctuation, format, syntax, and grammar. (Dapat, 2018)

Take a look at these sentences considered incorrect:

• The student complete the task yesterday. (Since the word “yesterday”
indicates that the action happened in the past, the verb “complete” must
be in the past tense.)
• The doctor adviced me to take a week of rest. (The words “advice” and
“advise” do not just differ in spelling, but also in meaning and use; advice
is the guidance or the recommendation given, while advise means to
guide or recommend. The one that suggests action should be used.)
• My favorite summer activities are swimming, hiking, and to travel.
(When listing, remember that the words should be parallel with one
another. The words “swimming” and “hiking” are both gerunds and in
the –ing form; the infinitive “to travel” should be transformed into its
gerund form as well.)

Considering the value of correctness, the sentences would be written this way:
• The student completed the task yesterday.
• The doctor advised me to take a week of rest.
• My favorite summer activities are swimming, hiking, and to travel.

CLARITY

Primarily, the purpose of academic and professional writing is to inform and

not to impress readers. Thus, clarity demands the use of simple language for
easy decoding and comprehension of messages. Thus, the writers is expected to
use precise, exact, and concrete terms; avoid highfalutin words; and refrain
from using clichés, hackneyed expressions, runabout phrases, and even jargon
unless in technical writing. (Dapat, 2018)

Clichés are old and overused expressions that have lost their novelty and
meaning because of constant use. Writers should know how to coin new words
or expressions to bring about more exciting and meaningful composition.
(Dapat, 2018) Refrain from using the following examples:
• a diamond in the rough • time of my life
• lasted an eternity • time will tell
• writing on the wall

Hackneyed phrases are set of expressions considered to be old, boring and

stereotyped. (Dapat, 2018) Refrain from using the following examples:
• first and foremost • each and everyone
• last but not the least • once and for all
• as a matter of fact

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited
Jargons are expressions or special set of vocabulary used by a particular
profession but other profession or groups find difficulty in understanding
them. Most of these jargons are technical in nature. (Dapat, 2018) Unless you
are doing technical writing or writing for experts in the field, refrain from using
the following examples:
Medical Jargons: Agonal a major, negative change in patient’s condition
BP blood pressure
FX bone fracture
NPO A patient should not take anything by mouth.
Military Jargons: AWOL absent without leave
SAM Surface-to-Air missile
Weather Jargons: ITCZ Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone
LPA Low Pressure Area

Take a look at these sentences considered unclear:

• The doctor’s advice was NPO. (Unless your readers are medical
professionals, do not use the jargon NPO.)
• His attendance nowadays is once in a blue moon. (The phrase “once in a
blue moon” is hackneyed and should not be uses in academic writing.)

Considering the value of clarity, the sentences would be written this way:
• The doctor’s advice was not to take anything by mouth.
• He seldom reports to the office nowadays.

CONCISENESS

Effective academic and professional writing is concise. That is, conveying the
message in the least possible words. Expressing an idea in five words is better
than expressing it in ten words. Conciseness in writing prohibits floridity and
verbosity but adopts brevity or economy of words. Thus, a writer should prefer
active over passive voice, watch out for unnecessary terms, avoid redundancy,
and be precise. (Dapat, 2018)

Redundant expressions are phrases that unnecessarily use two or more words
that mean the same. Refrain from using the following examples:
• actual facts
• blue in color
• like for example
• basic fundamentals
• difficult dilemma

Take a look at these sentences considered not concise:

• Her curriculum vitae is a long list of her paper qualifications.
(Technically, curriculum vitae is a piece of paper that lists one’s
qualifications, so it sounds redundant. You should reconstruct the
sentence to avoid the redundancy and get on point.)

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

• Everybody knows that there is a need for security in the use of the
internet. (As the statement says, the message in the “that” clause is
known to everybody, might as well leave it alone and delete the
preceding statement.)

Considering the value of conciseness, the sentences would be written this way:
• Her curriculum vitae highlights her outstanding qualifications.
• There is a need for security in the use of the internet.

CONSIDERATION

As a general rule in writing, you should consider the subject, tone, diction,
sentence structure and the degree of argumentation for a specific type of
audience or reader. Further, the reader’s religion or beliefs, educational
background, mind-set, and even preferences should be considered foremost.
Self-respect and emotion of the reader must be unharmed while conveying the
message. Thus, a writer should be mindful of using the “you attitude,” the “I
attitude,” and the “we attitude” in the text. (Dapat, 2018)

Take a look at these sentences that make use of the value of consideration:
• We are thankful and grateful to you for patronizing our products and
subscribing to our services. (We Attitude)
• Rest assured that your orders are always delivered accurately on and
time. (You Attitude)
• I am hoping for your kind consideration regarding this matter. (I
Attitude)

CONCRETENESS

Concreteness in writing always reinforces confidence, validates truthfulness

and sincerity, helps eliminate confusion, and assured goodwill between the
writer and his readers. It is for this reason that you should use specific facts,
figures and even dates; be sincere; and use words that build reputation and
maintain goodwill. (Dapat, 2018)

Take a look at these sentences considered not concrete:

• A number of OFWs were victimized by such infamous scam. (The
message would be more concrete if there is an exact number for the
victims of the scam.)
• This printer prints like hell. (Beside not being concrete in terms of the
actual number or figures, the sentence seems insincere because of its
use of exaggeration.

Considering concreteness, the sentences would be written this way:

• Two thousand OFWs were victimized by such infamous scam.

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

• This printer can print 50 pages in a minute.

COURTESY

It’s a fact that no reader would want to receive offending messages. Thus, the
writer is expected to be sincerely polite, judicious, reflective and enthusiastic in
conveying message to the readers. The writer should be very careful in
choosing words to maintain character, composure and tone even in a not so
pleasant writing scenario. He or she should also be aware of some irritating
expressions and even questionable humor. Thus, a writer should utilize magic
words, apply sandwich psychology approach and use politically correct terms.
(Dapat, 2018)

Magic words are polite terms that encourage, construct and promote goodwill
between the writer and the reader. You can use expressions such as:
• Thank you for…
• Please be reminded…
• I appreciate the opportunity…
• We apologize for…
• Congratulations for…

Sandwich Psychology Approach uses method of squeezing in the constructive

criticism between two compliments as an effective way to correct bad
behavior, abusive system or poor services. (Dapat, 2018) Take a look at how
Sandwich Psychology Approach is applied here:
I would like to commend you for having a very productive meeting today. You
gathered the right participants and they were able to contribute substantial input for the
coming project. Thank you for your coordination.
But I notice that the discussions were so unsystematic and that it was obvious that you
did not have the objectives, and if you had, they were not carried out. Further, the meeting was
chaotic and everyone just talked simultaneously. I hope this situation will improve in the next
gathering.
But generally, you are doing a great job. I can see your sincerity and commitment to
what you are doing and with that, your works are highly appreciated. Keep it up.

Politically-Correct Terms are terms of language intended to address

intelligently policies, measures, concepts, ideas, or events as to not offend
particular groups in society. (Dapat, 2018) Take a look at the examples:
• Cheating = Academic Dishonesty
• Stupid = Intellectually-impaired
• Prostitute = Sex Care Provider
• Drunk = Spatially Perplexed
• Garbage Man = Sanitation Engineer
• Insane People = Mental Explorers
• Second Hand = Pre-Owned
• Mankind = Earth Children

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

COMPLETENESS

Completeness in writing prevents miscommunication and misinterpretation.

This also preludes the need to further explaining, clarifying and expounding of
the intent or purpose. Thus, academic and professional writings must have
completeness in terms of its purpose, message, and components. The writer
should include all the components of a report, give additional information
wherever or whenever it’s required, help in decision making, convince the
readers of their credibility and reliability, and be concise and precise.

ENGAGING ACTIVITY

ACTIVITY 1
Directions: Read and analyze the two texts below. Then, answer the set of
questions that follow.

Communication Arts Festival

The Senior High School Department conducted the first Communication Arts Festival with
the theme Communication in Action: Building Bridges Across the Disciplines. It was held at the
University Mini Theatre on December 13, 2019.
The program started with the singing of the national anthem and an invocation. Mr. Dale
Joseph Prendol explained the rationale of the activity in his opening remarks. Afterwards, the
contest began,
The first contest was the Radio Drama held at the program venue. Each group presented
their own stories of empathy. Simultaneously, each group’s participants for the Declamation and
Interpretive Reading performed at the SB Room 3. The by-pair PhotoComm Contest also
commenced as the pairs took photos with the school premises.
After the Radio Drama at the Mini Theater, the English Quiz Bee started. Representatives
from each group were tested of their understanding of the lessons in Oral Communication in
Context. In short break before the final event, the outputs for the Infomercial Video Contest were
shown.
The highlight of the event was the last contest: Search for Ambassador and Ambassadress
of Communication, where pairs from each group vied for the title. They competed in different
levels such as memorized speech, extemporaneous speech and impromptu speech.
The program ended with the awarding of certificates to the winners.

Questions:
1. What is the main idea or thesis statement in the text? State in sentence.
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. What is the form of discourse of the academic text? Please explain.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. How are the ideas organized? In what pattern of development?
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. According to the text, which events happened at the same time?
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. Which was the last contest?
__________________________________________________________________________________

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Performance Tasks
PT 1
Directions: Write a friendly letter to your friend about something negative that he/she needs to realize
to himself/herself. Use the Sandwich Psychology Approach.

____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________

Dear ________________________,

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Respectfully yours,
____________________________________
____________________________________

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Understanding Directed Assess

Rubrics for Friendly Letter (PT 1)
5 4 3 2 1
CRITERIA Excellent Highly Fairly Less Needs
Satisfactory Satisfactory Satisfactory Improvement
The letter applies Sandwich
Psychology Approach.
The letter’s purposely pointed
out a negative behavior.
The letter uses magic words
and polite expressions.
The letter observes grammar
and mechanics.
A

Learning Resources

Dapat, R. O. (2018). English for Academic and Professional Purposes (for Senior High School).
Mandaluyong City: Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.
Portillo, R. R., Gamboa, I. K., Flores, V. B., Quindara, M. S., Isles, M. E., Bacungan, A. O., et al. (2003).
Research and Technical Writing. Bulacan: Trinitas Publishing, Inc.

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES