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Cooling Tower
Cooling Tower
Solution:
m 3 = 200 kg s
t3 = 40 C
tdb2 = 36 C saturated
V1 =115 m3 s
tdb1 = 32 C
φ1 = 55%
at 1, for tdb1 = 32 C
pd = 4.799 kPa
hg1 =2559.9 kJ kg
1
COOLING TOWERS
v1 =
RT
=
( 0.287 )( 32 + 273) = 0.8722 m3 kg
pt − ps 103 − 2.639
V 115
a= 1 =
m =131.85 kg s
v1 0.8722
at 2, t db2 = 36 C , saturated
ps = pd = 5.979 kPa
hg 2 = 2567.1 kJ kg
At 3, t3 = 40 C
h3 =hf at 40 C =167.57 kJ kg
To solve for m 4:
By Mass Balance:
m 3 +m
a + W1m
a =m 4 +m
a + W2 m
a
3 + ( W1 − W2 ) m
4 =m
m a = 200 + ( 0.0164 − 0.0383)(131.85) = 197.1 kg s
To solve for h4 :
m ah1 + m
3 h3 = m
4 h4 + m
ah2
(131.85)( 74.2) + ( 200)(167.57 ) = (197.1) ( h4 ) + (131.85)(134.5)
h4 =129.70 kJ kg
∴ t4 = 31.9 C - exit water temperature.
2
COOLING TOWERS
Solution:
t3 = 52 C
tdb2 = 46 C sat
tdb1 = 29 C
φ1 = 47%
t4 = 27 C
at 2, tdb2 = 46 C , saturated
ps = pd =10.144 kPa
hg2 =2585.0 kJ kg
3
COOLING TOWERS
0.622 ps 0.622(10.144 )
W2 = = = 0.0692 kg kg
pt − ps 101.325 − 10.144
At 3, t3 = 52 C
h3 =hf at 52 C =217.69 kJ kg
At 4, t4 = 27 C
h4 =hf at 27 C =113.25 kJ kg
By energy balance:
Eq. (1) mah1 + m3 h3 = mah2 + m4 h4
By mass balance
m3 − m4 = ma (W2 − W1 )
Eq. (2) m4 = m3 − ma (W2 − W1 )
Substitute in (1)
(b) Let m
3 = quantity of water.
V 142
a= 1 =
m =162.66 kg min
v1 0.873
4
COOLING TOWERS
Solution:
m 3 = 6 kg s , t3 = 60 C
tdb2 = 50 C
φ 2 = 90%
tdb1 = 32 C
twb1 = 27 C
To solve for t 4 :
t3 − t 4
Efficiency =
t3 − twb1
60 − t4
0.606 =
60 − 27
5
COOLING TOWERS
t3 = 40 C
at 1, tdb1 = 32 C , twb1 = 27 C
h1 =85 kJ kg
W1 = 0.0208 kg kg
at 2, tdb2 = 50 C , φ 2 = 90%
pd =12.349 kPa
ps = φ2 pd = ( 0.90 )(12.349) = 11.114 kPa
hg2 =2592.1 kJ kg
0.622 ps 0.622(11.114 )
W2 = = = 0.0766 kg kg
pt − ps 101.325 −11.114
At 3, t3 = 60 C
h3 =hf at 60 C =251.13 kJ kg
At 4, t4 = 40 C
h4 =hf at 40 C =167.57 kJ kg
By mass balance
m3 − m4 = ma (W2 − W1 )
m4 = m3 − ma (W2 − W1 )
By energy valance
m a h1 + m
3h3 = m
a h2 + m
4 h4
m ah1 + m 3 h3 = m ah2 + [ m
3 −m a ( W2 − W1 ) ] h4
( m a ) ( 85) + ( 6)( 251.13) = ( m a ) ( 248.9) + [ 6 − ( m a ) ( 0.0766 − 0.0208) ](167.57 )
85m a +1506.8 = 248.9m
a +1005.4 −9.35m
a
m a = 3.244 kg s
a = 3.244 kg s
(a) Mass flow rate of air = m
(b) Make Up Water = ma (W2 − W1 ) = ( 3.244 )( 0.0766 − 0.0208) = 0.1810 kg s