Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education ARTS AND HEALTH

Division of Camarines Sur
Lagonoy, Camarines Sur MODULE 3
2020-2021 for GRADE 9

Name : _____________________________ Section ______________

LEARNING MODULE IN
ARTS 9
4th Quarter – Module 3

Western Classical plays and Opera

Lesson
Neoclassical and Romantic Theater

Neoclassical Theater
1800-1900
The Neoclassical period was a movement where the styles of Roman and Greek societies influenced the
theater arts.

During the Neoclassical period, the theater was characterized by its grandiosity. Costumes and
sceneries were highly elaborate. The main concepts of the plays were to entertain and to teach lessons.
Stages were restyled with dramatic arches to highlight the scenes. Multiple entry points on the stage
were evident in many plays. Lighting and sound effects intensified the mood and message of each
scene, enhancing the dramatic experience. The idea of changing scenery and backdrops become more
noticeable, particularly with the invention of pulley systems that allowed parts to move more quickly
across the stage.
The concept of decorum (meaning right and proper audience behavior) was applied in this period
which means classical concepts and appropriate social behavior must be observed.

An 18th-century Neoclassical theatre in

Ostankino, Moscow
Image from Wikimedian Commons, by Shakko, 2004
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ostankino19.JPG
This period officially established just two types of plays, tragedy and comedy. They never mixed these
together, and the restriction led to the use of the now well-known pair of happy and sad masks that
symbolize the theatrical arts. Tragedies portrayed the complex and fateful lives of the upper classes
and royals, while comedies, which were either public discourse or comedies of manners, tended to
focus on the lower ranks of society, Observance to these genres was critical to a play's success.

Three playwrights achieved a significant amount of success. Pierre Cornielle (1606 – 1684) was often
called the father of the French tragedy, writing scripts for more than four decades. One of these was
“The Cid’. Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, better known as Molière (1622 – 1673) was known for his
comedies, “Tartuffe and The Missanthrope‖ was one of his works. Jean Racine (1639 – 1699) was a
tragedian beloved for his simple approach to action and the linguistic rhythms and effects he
achieved. ―Andromache and Phaedra” was one of his scripts. These men were able to take elements
from classical Greek and Roman literature and transform them into plays.

TRIVIA about the Neoclassical Theater:

1. The first "spotlight" was used in the U.S. during this period and was called
the "Limelight’

2. The Theatre Regulation Act of 1843 banned drinking in legitimate

theaters. Many tavern owners took advantage of the situation and renovated
their establishments to accommodate live performances.

Romantic Theater
1800-2000

Romantic Playwrights:
During Romantic period, melodrama and operas became the most popular theatrical forms.
Melodrama originated from the French word “melodrame”, which is derived from Greek ―melos”,
music, and French ‘ drame”, which is derived from Greek ―dran” to perform. Melodrama can be also
be described as a dramatic work that puts characters in a lot of danger in order to appeal to the
emotions and in which orchestral music or song was used to accompany the action. Opera, in the
other hand, is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text
(called a libretto) and musical score. Such as acting, scenery, and costumes and dance were
important elements of theater. It is usually performed in an opera house, accompanied by an
orchestra or smaller musical ensemble.

Victor Marie Hugo was born on February 26, 1802 and died on May 22, 1885. He is considered one of
the greatest and best known French writers. He was a poet, novelist, and dramatist of the Romantic
movement. Hugo's literary fame comes from his poetry, novels and his dramatic achievements. Among
his works that stand out all over the world are “Les Contemplations , La Légende des siècles, Les
Misérables, and Notre-Dame de Paris” which is known as the Hunchback of Notre-Dame. Quasimodo,
a deformed hunchback, the bell-ringer of Notre Dame had a good heart of helped Esmeralda, a
beautiful Gypsy street dancer with a kind and generous heart. Esmeralda captured the hearts of many
men that had always wanted to own her.

There are several playwrights that had been known in this period such as, Charles Nodier, George
Sand, Heinrich von Kleist, Ludwig Uhland and many more.

Romantic Composers
Georges Bizet was born on October 25, 1838 – died June 3, 1875, Paris. Bizet was the only child of
Adolphe Armand Bizet( formerly a hairdresser and later became a singer and composer) and Aimee
Marie Louise Leopoldine Josephine Delsarte, (a pianist). He entered the Paris Conservatory of
Music a fortnight before his tenth birthday. His first symphony, the Symphony in C
Major, was written when he was seventeen years old. The symphony had an
amazing stylistic resemblance to the music of Franz Schubert.

This French composer was a pianist and best known for his operas. Carmen is
the most popular among his works. Bizet composed the title role for a mezzo-soprano
in the character of Carmen. The opera tells the story of the downfall of Don José, a
naïve soldier who is seduced by the charms of the sizzling Gypsy,
Carmen.

Some of his stage works are La prêtresse, operetta (1854), Le

docteur Miracle, opéra bouffe (1857), Don Procopio, opéra bouffe
(1859), Les pêcheurs de perles, opera (1863), Ivan IV, grand opera (unfinished), La jolie
fille de Perth, opera (1867), Noé, opera by Fromental Halévy
finished by Bizet (1869), L'Arlésienne, 'musique de scène' (1872),
Djamileh, one-act opera (1872).

His contemporary composers during the

Romantic period were Franz Liszt, Richard Wagner, Frederic Chopin,
Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Schubert, Felix Mendelsshon and Hector
Berlioz

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Division of Camarines Sur
Lagonoy, Camarines Sur
2020-2021
Name : _____________________________ Section ______________
LEARNING MODULE IN
HEALTH 9
4th Quarter – Module 3

Unintentional Injury Prevention, Safety and First Aid

Lesson Dressing and Bandages
A dressing is a piece of sterile cloth that covers a wound to prevent infection and/or to stop bleeding.

Techniques in Applying a Dressing

1. Wash hands and wear gloves, if possible.

2. Unwrap the dressing as close to the wound as possible. Be sure not to touch the wound.
3. Skin is not sterile. If the dressing slips over the victim’s skin while you are trying to position it,
discard and use a fresh one.
4. Place the dressing over the wound.
5. Use a dressing that is large enough to extend at least 1 inch beyond the edges of the wound.
6. If body tissue or organs are exposed, cover the wound with a dressing that will stick.
7. Then secure the dressing with a bandage or adhesive tape.
Cold compress is used to reduce swelling and relieve pain, especially used for sprains and
strains. Cold packs can be used as cold compress. Hot compress is also used to allow normal
blood circulation. Cold and hot compress are applied alternately for closed wounds or
contusions.
Bandages are used to apply pressure to bleeding; for covering wounds and burns; and
providing support for immobilization for broken bones, sprains and strains. There are three
main types of bandages namely: triangular, ace and tubular. Triangular bandage is made from
cloth and can be used as cold compress, padding, support for pressure, or support sling. Ace
bandage secures dressings in place. Tubular bandage is used to support joints or hold
dressings in place. Smaller tubular bandage is used for finger injuries.

Figure shows the parts of a triangular bandage.

Two Phases of Bandaging

A. An open phase bandaging is used for wounds on top and back of the head, chest, back,
hand, and foot, and as arm sling.
 B. A cravat phase bandaging is used for wounds that need extra support like wound on the eye,
forehead, ear, cheek, jaw, shoulder, hip, arm, leg, elbow, knee, and palm and for a sprained
ankle. The narrower the cravat is, the greater pressure it will give.

Phases of Bandaging

Techniques in Bandaging

1. Keep in mind the following:

a. Always use a square knot.
b. Keep the cloth sterile to avoid infection.
c. Always keep the ends.
2. Bandaging technique depends upon the size and location of the wound, your first aid skills, and
materials at hand.
3. Bandage firmly over bleeding and securely over the broken bone, not so tight so as not to cut off
blood circulation.
4. When wrapping bandages around the body, such as knees, ankles, neck, and small back , use its
natural hollows to slide the bandage gently into place.
5. Since most injuries swell, check regularly to ensure that the bandage is still comfortable and that it
remains firmly secured.
6. Secure the bandage with a tape, clips or a bow or square knot. Ensure that the bandages, especially
the knots, do not touch the skin.

How to do a square knot

Right over left and left over right

Wounds
A wound is a break in the continuity of a tissue in the body. It may be closed in which there is
no break or damage in the skin. It is also called hematoma or contusions. A wound may also be an
open wound in which there is a break in the skin.
Kinds of Open Wounds

1. Puncture is a piercing wound caused by nails, needles and other pointed objects
2. Abrasion is caused by rubbing or scraping the skin against a rough surface.
3. Incision is a cut caused by knife, broken glass or any sharp object.
4. Laceration is a blunt breaking or tearing of soft tissues usually resulting from
mishandling tools and other accidents.
5. Avulsion is a forcible tearing or partial tearing away of tissues.

How to Manage Wounds:

A. For management of hematoma, we use the mnemonic RICE:

1. Resting the injured part

2. Ice application
3. Compression
4. Elevation

B. First Aid for Open Wounds with Severe Bleeding

1. Wear gloves and remove or cut clothing as necessary to expose wound.

2. Control bleeding by applying direct pressure.
3. Elevate the injured part above the heart except for eye injury and wounds with
embedded object.
4. Cover wound with sterile dressing and bandage.
5. Care for shock.
6. Consult a physician immediately.
Name : _____________________________ Section ______________
ASSESSMENT IN
HEALTH AND ARTS 9
4th Quarter – Module 3

HEALTH Dressing and Bandages

Direction : Answer the following questions. Write your answers at back of this sheet.

1. Why should we use dressings and bandages on wounds?

2. Can we use any cloth as a dressing or bandage? Why and why not?
3. Aside from wounds, in what other injuries can we use dressings and
bandages?
4. Why is it necessary to apply the proper techniques on applying dressings and
bandages?

ARTS Neoclassical and Romantic Theater

TRUE OR FALSE
DIRECTION: Write T if the statement is true and F if it is wrong. WRITE THE ANSWER ON THE
SPACE PROVIDED.

_________ 1. During Romantic period, melodrama and operas became the most popular theatrical
forms.
_________ 2. Opera is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining
text (called a libretto) and musical score
_________ 3. The first "spotlight" was used in the U.S. during this period and was called the
"Limelight’
_________ 4. Victor Marie Hugo was born on May 22, 1885.
_________ 5. Tragedies portrayed the complex and fateful lives of the upper classes and royals
_________ 6. Georges Bizet was born on June 3, 1875
_________ 7. The Theatre Regulation Act of 1843 banned drinking in legitimate theaters.
_________ 8. Acting, scenery, and costumes and dance were important elements of theater.
_________ 9. Carmen is the most popular among Georges Bizet works
_________ 10. Pierre Cornielle was often called the father of the French tragedy.