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The Infiltration Rate S A Function of Time For Silt Loam Are Given Below. Determine The Best Values For

The document contains solutions to three problems related to infiltration of soils. The first problem involves applying Horton's equation to infiltration rate data for a silt loam soil. The second problem involves applying Philip's equation to calculate cumulative infiltration and rate over time for a clay soil. The third problem applies the Green-Ampt method to evaluate infiltration for a silt clay soil over 6 hours.

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1K views3 pages

The Infiltration Rate S A Function of Time For Silt Loam Are Given Below. Determine The Best Values For

The document contains solutions to three problems related to infiltration of soils. The first problem involves applying Horton's equation to infiltration rate data for a silt loam soil. The second problem involves applying Philip's equation to calculate cumulative infiltration and rate over time for a clay soil. The third problem applies the Green-Ampt method to evaluate infiltration for a silt clay soil over 6 hours.

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Scarlord
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Answer the following problems:

1. The infiltration rate s a function of time for silt loam are given below. Determine the best values for
the parameters fo, fc and k for Horton’s equation to describe the infiltration of the silt loam soil at
the locality.

Time in hours 0 0.07 0.16 0.27 0.43 0.67 1.10 2.53


fp (mm/hr) 6.6 5.3 4.3 3.3 2.2 1.3 0.7 0.25

Assuming that the infiltration capacity reaches a constant value equals to fc = 0.25 mm/hr. Plotting
the ln(fp – fc) with t on linear scale.

The best fit line through the plotted poinls is drawn and its equation is obtained as:

ln(fp-fc) = 1.7826 – 2.3573x


-k = slope the best fit line = -2.3573, thus k = 2.3573; fo = 6.6mm/hr; fc = 0.25mm/hr
thus, the Horton equation is:
fp=0.25+ ( 6.6−0.25 ) e−2.3573t

fp=0.25+ ( 6.35 ) e−2.3573t

2. For clay soil at a given location parameters of Philip’s equation were found as S = 45 cm/hr^0.5 and
K = 10 cm/hr. Determine the cumulative infiltration and the infiltration rate of 0.5 hr increments for
a 3-hour period. Plot both as functions of time. Assume continuously ponded conditions.
SOL.
Cumulative infiltration: F ( t )=S t 0.5 + Kt
Infiltration rate: f ( t )=0.5 S t −0.5 + K
S=45cm/hr^0.5
K=10cm/hr
at t = 0.5 hr:
F ( t )=(45) ( 0.5 )0.5 +(10)(0.5) = 36.82 cm

f ( t )= 0.5(45) ( 0.5 )−0.5 +(10) = 41.82 cm/hr


at t = 1 hr:
F ( t )=(45) (1 )0.5 +(10)(1) = 55 cm

f ( t )=0.5 (45) ( 1 )−0.5 +(10) = 32.5 cm/hr


at t = 1.5 hr:
F ( t )=(45) (1.5 )0.5 +(10)(1.5) = 70.11 cm

f ( t )=0.5 (45) ( 1.5 )−0.5 +( 10) = 28.37 cm/hr


at t = 2 hr:

F ( t )=(45) ( 2 )0.5+(10)(2) = 83.64 cm

f ( t )=0.5 (45) ( 2 )−0.5 +(10) = 25.91 cm/hr

at t = 2.5 hr:

F ( t )=(45) ( 2.5 )0.5 +(10)(2.5) = 96.15 cm

f ( t )=0.5 (45) ( 2.5 )−0.5 +(10) = 24.23 cm/hr

at t = 3 hr:

F ( t )=(45) (3 )0.5 +(10)(3) = 107.94 cm

f ( t )=0.5 (45) ( 3 )−0.5 +(10) = 22.99 cm/hr

Time t (hr) 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3


Cumulative infiltration F(t) (cm) 36.82 55 70.11 83.64 96.15 107.94
Infiltration rate f(t) (cm/hr) 41.82 32.5 28.37 25.91 24.23 22.99
3. Use the Green-Ampt method to evaluate the infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration depth of a
silt clay soil at 0.1 hour increments up to 6 hours from the beginning of infiltration. Assume initial
effective saturation 20% and continuous ponding.
Sol.
For a silt clay soil, Ѱ=29.22cm; K=0.10cm/hr; n= 0.479; θi=20 % × 0.479
∆ θ=n−θi = 0.479 – 20%(0.479) = 0.38

F (t)
(
F ( t )−Ѱ ∆ θ ln 1+
Ѱ ∆θ )
=Kt

F (t)
(
F ( t )=Kt +Ѱ ∆ θ ln 1+
Ѱ ∆θ )
Sample calculation:
Taking a trial value of F(t)= Kt = 0.10(0.1) = 0.01cm
at t = 0.1 hr,
0.01
F ( t )=0.10 (0.1)+(29.22)( 0.38) ln 1+
( (29.22)(0.38) )
= 0.02cm

after number of iteration F(t) converges to a constant value of 0.35cm. thus F(t) = 0.35 cm
Infiltration rate after 0.1 hr is estimated by
Ѱ ∆θ
f =K ( +1)
F (t)
(29.22)(0.38)
f =0.10( +1)
0.35
f = 3.27cm/hr

at t = 6 hrs.
Taking a trial value of F(t)= Kt = 0.10(6) = 0.6cm
0.6
F ( t )=0.10 (6)+(29.22)(0.38) ln 1+
( )
(29.22)( 0.38)
= 0.02cm

after number of iteration F(t) converges to a constant value of 4.05 cm.


thus, after 6 hrs:
F ( t )=4.05 cm

Infiltration rate after 6 hrs is estimated by


Ѱ ∆θ
f =K ( +1)
F (t)
(29.22)(0.38)
f =0.10( +1)
4.05

f =0.37 cm/hr

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