Sensation ———> Perception

Receive stimuli Selection - the process of attending to certain features of sensory stimuli

Transduction - the conversion of raw sensory information tins processed Organisation of information - info is regrouped and reorganised
information, being sent to the brain as electro chemical pulses

Transition : info is sent to the brain for processing Interpretation - the primary visual cote works with other parts of the brain
to interpret and make sense of visual stimuli

- light is received as electromagnetic energy by the photoreceptors

PROCESS OF LIGHT:

1. Cornea -> controls how much light enters the eye

2. Aqueous -> provides shape and nutrient to the eye

3. Pupil/iris -> control how much light enters eye

4. Lens/ciliary muscles -> focus light and shape lens

5. Vitreous humour -> a liquid that lls the eye

6. Retina -> contains photo receptors in back of eye

Perceptual Consistencies:

Size consistency - recognising that objects actual size remains the same even though an image changes

Shape consistency - a tendency to perceive and object as maintaining its shape if the image in the retina

Brightness consistency - is the tendency to perceive an objects as maintaining its level of brightness in relation to its surroundings despite changes in
the amount of light re ected onto the retina

Perceptual Set: the predisposition to perceive in accordance with what we expect it to be…

Context Context refers to the setting or environment in which perception is made

E.G shooting star could be missile in war zone

Motivation Internal process which activate behaviour in achieving a goal E.G hungry
= food

Emotive state Di erent emotion set us up to perceive di erent emotions in a particular

way E.G if ur happy everyone else is happy

Past experiences A combination of experiences can lead to di erences in perception. They

also predispose us to receive info in a di erent way

Culture Our way of life in our society can lead to us perceiving images di erently.
Such as beliefs, values, attitudes, food and music

Depth Cues

Binocular depth cues - convergence, sensing depth and distance based on eye muscles

- Retinal disparity, the disparity between di erent retinal images received

by either eye, letting us see depth

Monocular depth cues - Accomodation, change curvature of lens to focus image on retina

- Motion parralax, uses our perception of movement to help gauge

distance, less things move the further away they are

- Pectoral depth cues,

- linear perspective, convergence of parallel lines

- interposition, overlap

- texture gradient, less texture for far away things

- relative size, larger objects are closer

- height in the visual eld, closer to horizon = further

Genstalt Principals

Figure ground Achieved with contour and negative space, we seperate and image into a gure which
we focus, and a background

Closure Our brain has a tendency to mental ll in to ignore gaps to complete images as a
whole

Similarity Our brain groups objects together and organises them based on visual similarity

Proximity Our brain organises object based on their physical position or wether they are grouped
ff
fi
fl
fi
fi
ff
ff
ff
ff
fi
ff