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C. Research Methods

The document outlines various research methods in psychology, including naturalistic observation, experimental methods, quasi-experimental methods, correlational methods, interviews, questionnaires, standardized tests, and case studies. Each method is described with its advantages and disadvantages, emphasizing the importance of understanding cause-and-effect relationships, associations between variables, and individual experiences. The document concludes with a note on the significance of these methods in psychological research.

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Adrian Bulusan
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63 views15 pages

C. Research Methods

The document outlines various research methods in psychology, including naturalistic observation, experimental methods, quasi-experimental methods, correlational methods, interviews, questionnaires, standardized tests, and case studies. Each method is described with its advantages and disadvantages, emphasizing the importance of understanding cause-and-effect relationships, associations between variables, and individual experiences. The document concludes with a note on the significance of these methods in psychological research.

Uploaded by

Adrian Bulusan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Research Methods

in Psychology
Naturalistic Observation
Observing the phenomenon of interest as it
occurs naturally to avoid reactivity.
Advantage: High Realism
Disadvantage: Subjective
Experimental Method
A scientific method that seeks to confirm cause-
and-effect relationships by introducing
independent variables and observing its effect
on the dependent variables.
Experimental Method
Independent Variable (IV) – A factor that is manipulated
Dependent Variable (DV) – A factor that is measured

The effect of room temperature in


productivity of workers.
Experimental Method
Experimental Groups – groups whose members receive treatment.
Control Groups – groups whose members did not receive a treatment

The effect of room temperature in


productivity of workers.
Experimental Method
A cognitive psychologist tests student’s ability
to recall of textbook material studied for thirty
minutes under noisy or quiet conditions.
Quasi Experimental Method
It is similar to experimental method except
random assignments of participants is not
possible.
IV is already inherent (age, sex, etc)
Manipulation of IV is unethical
Quasi Experimental Method
Effect of Gender on Intelligence
Effect of Sexual abuse in Self-Esteem
Correlational Method
Determining whether two or more variables
are associated or related to each other.
-1 to 0 to 1
Positive Relationship (Height and Weight)
Negative Relationship (Supply and Deman)
Correlational Method
Relationship of the number of hours that children watch
violent TV and the number of aggressive acts committed
by children
Relationship of the size of forehead to a person’s level
of self-control
Correlation does not mean causation
Interview and Questionnaire
These involves asking questions about
individual’s experiences. They may be done
verbally or in writing
Standardized Test
This method requires people to answer a
series of written or oral questions.
The individual’s scores is either totaled to
yield a single score or is compared to the
scores of a large group of similar people.
Case Studies
This is a descriptive record of an individual’s
experiences or behavior or both.
This aims to obtain a case history of the person.
This would entail reconstructing the past on the
basis of remembered events and records.
THE END 

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