Power System Analysis

Assignments 2018-2019
Anand Kalpoe (anand.kalpoe@uvs.edu)

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 Contents

 Assignment 1: Getting to know the software

 Power World Simulator (1a)
 MatPower (1b)
 Assignment 2: Simulate and Analyze a small network
 Task 1: Input data preparation
 Task 2: Power Flow Analysis
 Task 3: Fault Analysis
 Assignment 3: Implement matlab-code to solve an economic
dispatch problem
 Reference paper: “A Traditional Approach to Solve Economic Load
Dispatch Problem Considering the Generator Constraints”; Susheel
Kumar Dewangan, Achala Jain, Dr. A.P. Huddar

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 INTRODUCTION: SOFTWARE

 Power World Simulator

 Perform power flow and short circuit analysis
 Power World Simulator_AK.doc
 Effect of A.G.C. en A.V.R.
 MatPower
 Perform power flow calculations
 http://www.pserc.cornell.edu/matpower
 http://www.pserc.cornell.edu/matpower/manual.pdf

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 Assignment 1a:
Getting to know Power World Simulator

 Reference documents:
 Power World Simulator 8 Tutorial.pdf
 Power World Simulator_AK.doc
 Test case: B5R.PWB
 4 activity tasks on Power Flow and Power System Security
 Comment on the Satisfactory System Operation
 All voltages should be in the range of 0.95 p.u. to 1.05 p.u.
 No overloaded lines, transformers and generators
 Determine the total load, the losses, and the total generation

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 MatPower

 Functions of interest:
 runpf.m: this function performs a power flow.
 rundcpf: this function performs a DC power flow.
 makeYbus.m: this function can be used to construct the
system admittance matrix.
 case14.m: data for the IEEE 14-bus test system.
 mpoption.m: default values for power flow control
parameters.

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 Assignment 1b:
Power Flow: IEEE 14-bus system with MatPower

 Single line diagram: Case14.m

 Power flow Control Parameters:
 Accuracy=10-8
 Max. # iterations=10

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 Assignment 1b:
Power Flow: IEEE 14-bus system with MatPower

 1) Take a look within case14.m. Identify the slack bus, PQ-nodes, PV-
nodes. Save this file as case14{your initials}.m for future use.
 2) What are the inputs for a power flow? What are the outputs? Run a
power flow for the IEEE 14-bus network and save your results into a
.mat file.
 Check the per unit base parameters. Is all information available for a
complete definition of the per unit parameters?
 How are the line losses (in MW) calculated?
 3) Double the load on bus 9 while preserving the power factor.
Compare and explain the change in active and reactive power of the
generators to the power flow of question 1.

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 Assignment 1b:
Power Flow: IEEE 14-bus system with MatPower

 4) Double the active power of the load at bus 3. Explain

the change in voltage at bus 3? Which generator delivers
the extra active power?
 5) Shut down the generator at bus 3 (= set generator
status to 0). Explain the change in voltage at bus 3.
 6) Comment on Satisfactory System Operation
 7) What are the input and outputs for a DC power flow?
Run a DC power flow for the original case14, and compare
the results to the AC power flow. What interpretations
can be made to the DC power flow?
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 Assignment 2
Introduction

 Analyze a small (7 bus, 2 generator) power system

 Analysis is done with PowerWorld and is
supplemented with MatLab calculations

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 Assignment 2:
Tasks Overview

 1) Assemble all information into tables:

 Actual values
 Per unit values on a common base
 Manually calculate Ybus and Zbus values and compare to PowerWorld results
 2) Perform power flow analysis
 3) Perform fault analysis
 Balanced
 3 Phase Balanced
 Un-balanced
 Single Line-to-Ground
 Line-to-Line
 Double Line-to-Ground

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 Assignment 2:
Single Line Diagram

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 Assignment 2:
System Parameters and Modeling Info

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 Assignment 2:
Task 1

 1) Assemble all information into tables:

 Actual values and per unit values
 Provide a single line per unit diagram
 Manually calculate Ybus values (neglect charging
capacitance of the transmission lines)

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 Assignment 2:
Task 1
Data tables format:
- for actual values
- for per unit values (form required for PowerWorld program

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 Assignment 2:
Task 2

 2) Perform power flow analysis

 2.1 Enter the system data into PowerWorld
 2.2 Verify correct data entry:
 Use PowerWorld to view the Ybus, with and without charging
capacitances and compare with the manually calculated Ybus
 2.3 Run a power flow:
 To run an AC power flow, simply click the “Single Solution-Full
Newton” under “Tools” tab.
 To run DC power flow, click “Simulator Options”, and check
“Use DC Approximation …” under the “DC options” tab.
 Click the “Play” button to show the animation of power flow.

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 Running a power flow
Play button

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 Assignment 2:
Power Flow Results

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 Assignment 2:
Task 2

 2) Perform power flow analysis

 2.4 Run an AC-power flow
 2.5 Compare your results to that provided on the next slide
 Correct deficiencies by modifying PowerWorld Simulator options (accuracy, iteration
number and method)
 Comment on the power flow results
 Power Balance
 Security Limits in Power System Operation
 2.6 Correct Systems deficiencies to achieve Satisfactory System Operation:
 Device loading < 100%
 0.95pu < bus voltage < 1.05pu
 Comment on the power flow results
 Power Balance
 Security Limits in Power System Operation
 2.7 Run a DC-power flow
 Compare results with results from 2.6 and comment

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 Assignment 2:
Task 3

 3) Perform fault analysis

 3.1 Balanced, three phase fault analysis
 Manually calculate the Zbus matrix
 Calculate the Thevenin equivalent at bus 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
 Export Ybus values from PowerWorld to a MatLab m-file
 Use MatLab to calculate the Zbus and compare to manually calculated
values
 Manually calculate fault currents using the diagonal elements of Zbus
 Simulate three phase faults with PowerWorld at al busses
 Fault option tab in PowerWorld:
 Fault impedance = 0
 Pre fault profile = Flat classical
 Compare manually calculated fault currents to the values produced by
PowerWorld

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 Saving Data into Excel/CSV or MatLab

 Data shown in a table can be saved into a Excel or csv

file.
 Right-click on any table, move cursor on
“Copy/Paste/Send”, and select “Send All to Excel”. A
Excel spread sheet will be brought up.
 Or, Right-click on the table, move cursor on “Save
As”, and select the desired format.

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 Assignment 2:
Task 3

 3) Perform fault analysis

 3.2 Conduct unbalanced fault analysis
 a. On every bus and for each of the three unbalanced fault types
 b. Draw positive, negative and zero sequence circuits for bus …(see
next slide) and calculate the … unbalanced fault current
 c. Export Ybus matrices for the negative and zero sequence circuits
from PowerWorld to MatLab m-files and calculate the Zbus for each
sequence
 d. Compare manually-calculated value with the computer-derived
value
 e. Run PowerWorld to calculate all three unbalanced faults at each
bus
 f. Export all of the data to Excel for use in report

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 3.2b Draw positive, negative and zero sequence
circuits for indicated bus and calculate the
indicated unbalanced fault current

Student Bus number Fault type

Patandin, P. 2 Line Neutral (LN-fault)
Sidin, Ch. 2 Line Line Neutral (LLN-fault)
Jhando, V. 3 Line Neutral (LN-fault)
Khoeblal, T. 3 Line Line Neutral (LLN-fault)
Jaggernath, R. 4 Line Neutral (LN-fault)
Beni, V. 4 Line Line Neutral (LLN-fault)
Landbrug, G. 5 Line Neutral (LN-fault)
Noersalim, S. 5 Line Line Neutral (LLN-fault)
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 Assignment 3:
Economic Load Dispatch (ELD)
 ELD purpose:
 to determine the generation of different units in a plant such that:
 the total fuel cost is minimum and at the same time
 the total demand and losses at any instant must be equal to the total
generation
 Methods (traditional):
 lambda iteration, gradient method, Newton’s method etc. are applied to
determine
 the optimal combination of power output of all generating units so as to
meet the desired demand without violation of generator constraint
 Paper presents a lambda iteration method to solve the ELD problem
using MATLAB:
 for three and six generating units
 with and without transmission losses.

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 The Final Report

 Requirements for Final Report

 Individual
 For each of the assignments
 one chapter for each assignment
 Incorporate all of the work done
 All figures and tables should have numbers and captions
 Organization (per chapter):
 See next slides
 Grading
 Technical content
 Grammer/format

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 The Final Report

 Report Organization (per chapter)

 Introduction
 Describe the system being studied and the studies that were performed
 Procedures
 Describe what you did for the power flow studies, the fault analysis study (assignments 1
and 2) and for the ELD problem (assignment 3)
 Describe how you prepared your data (for entry into PowerWorld and include your data
tables)
 Results
 Provide final results from all three assignments (with figures and tables)
 Include all of the analysis results/matlab code as appendixes
 Analysis and Recommendations
 Comment on the satisfactory system operation (assignment 1)
 Describe deficiencies noted from the original power flow (assignment 2) and you
suggestions to correct them. Show the results of the corrected system. Include appropriate
figures and tables.
 Comment on the ELD results.

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 The Final Report

 Report Organization

 Calculations and Verifications

 Compare manually calculated Ybus values to those obtained from PowerWorld
 Include you sequence diagrams for the system, and calculate the Thevinin equivalent
impedances in all three sequences for bus 4
 Compare your values to those obtained from MatLab
 Calculate the three phase fault current at bus 4 using the positive-sequence Thevenin
impedance
 Calculate the line-to-ground fault current at bus 4 using the Thevenin impedances of all
three sequences
 Compare results
 Summary and Conclusions
 Describe your confidence in your simulations
 Would you go to your boss and present a case for your solution for correcting system deficiencies or
upgrading of circuit breakers because of the results you obtained?
 How confident are you with your ELD results? Is your code “scalable”?
 Appendices

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 Schedule

 Report file:
 Sat. 27th April 2019; Moodle upload cut off at 23:59h
 Oral presentation file:
 Max. 15 slides (including title page)
 Max. 10 minutes
 Sat. 04th May 2019; Moodle upload cut off at 23:59h
 Oral Presentation date: Tue 07th May 2019, 11:15h-13:00h
 Grade:
 Announcement (on Moodle) by Mo 11th May 2019
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 Schedule

Activity Results Due date Where

1 Assignment 1a 6-Apr-19 Upload via moodle
2 Assignment 1b 6-Apr-19 Upload via moodle
3 Assignment 2, Task 1 13-Apr-19 Upload via moodle
4 Assignment 2, Task 2 13-Apr-19 Upload via moodle
5 Assignment 2, Task 3 13-Apr-19 Upload via moodle
6 Assignment 3 20-Apr-19 Upload via moodle

8 Total Report 27-Apr-19 Upload via moodle

9 Presentation file 4-May-19 Upload via moodle
Presentation 7-May-19 Geb. 16, Lok 23.

10 Grade 11-May-19 Via Moodle

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 Thank You!

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