Distribution Automation

System (DAS)

November 2017
 1980’s 2000’s 2010’s
Distr. SCADA DMS Smart Grid
(Distribution Management System)

• Auto fault management

• Demand Management
• V/Var Control
• PQ monitoring
• Remote Control • Network Optimization
Functions • DG management
• Fault Indication • Load forecasting
• Self healing
• Technical calculation
• Fault prediction
• Simulation

• Multi-S/W (using M/W)

• Single S/W • Multi-S/W (using M/W)
System • System-to-System integration
• Workstation • Server
(Enterprise Service Bus)

• Fiber Optic
• Hybrid (WAN + LAN)
• PLC • CDMA/GPRS
Commu- • 3G/4G Wireless
• Pair cable • TRS/TETRA
nication • Two-way communication
• Microwave • ADSL
(Utility ↔ Customers)
• Satellite
 Primary Protocol
ICCP
• IEC60870-6 ( ICCP: Inter Control Center Protocol)
 For different SCADA systems
 Client –Server Configuration, Star-connection
 Released in 1992
• IEC61968, 61970 ( CIM: Common Information Model)
 For different power management systems
 Interface with a data bus CIM
 Not perfectly released
Data Bus
Secondary Protocol
• MODBUS (1979)
 Polling only, Limitation of data expression
 For PLC (Programmable Logic Control)
• IEC60870-5 (1992), DNP3.0 (1993)
 For distribution automation
• IEC61850 (UCA 2.0: 2002)
 For substation automation (Secure interoperability for many vendors)
• Required data and their interaction with DAS functions
[ Data ] [ Functions ]

MV Network connectivity SCADA

Network Optimization
Conductors (by section)

Fault Management
Transformers (by section)
Technical calculation

No. of customers (by section)

Statistics calculation

Static info. (by device) System O&M

 Overhead S/W Underground S/W Underground CB Overhead Recloser

Switching Station Dist. V Controller Power Condenser VAR Controller

V/I Measure Fault Detector FRTU

BASIC FUNCTION APPLICATIONS
 FLISR
Remote Control (Fault Location, Isolation and Service Restoration)

 Load/Loss Control
 V/Var Control
Data Acquisition  Protection Coordination
 Power Flow Calculation
 Training System
Remote Setting
 Data Error Detection
 System Coverage

Substation (SCADA RTU) Power Device (FRTU) Dist. Transformer Meter/Customer

System Configuration

Centralized

Peer-to-Peer
 Selection of communication infrastructure
 Usability
 Reliability
 Cost

Item Characteristics Strength Weakness

Fiber  Two ways to use: Possession /Lease  High reliability  High initial cost (possess)
Optic  Network Speed: 100Mbps  Applicable for backbone of SG  Inconvenient to install

GPRS/  Continuous upgrading  Economic, Easy to install/replace  Relatively low reliability

3G  Network Speed: 2Mbps (3G)  Applicable in wide area (few shadow)  Can be replaced to new tech.

 Similar to GPRS/3G  Economic, Easy to install/replace  Relatively low reliability

WiMAX
 Network Speed: 128Mbps (2Mbps)  Applicable for backbone of SG  Can be replaced to new tech.

 Two ways to use: Possession /Lease  Relatively low reliability

DTRS  Easy to install/replace
 Network Speed: 690kbps  Need permission to use (Gov.)

 Selection of Protocol
 General protocols: DNP3.0, IEC60870-5-101,104, MODBUS
Present KEPCO developed the new version of DAS for Smart Grid

The new version is testing at a Smart Grid test bed

KEPCO is doing overseas businesses using its DAS

Conclusion
Nuclear Power KEPCO had taken almost than 20 years to complete DAS

• KEPCO spent huge budget and workforce for DAS

• KEPCO could learn the technologies from world leading companies but
the application in the real field was its own duty. There were no pioneers
to apply DAS in the real field like KEPCO.
• Fortunately, Korean IT technologies
(Government KPX)
are quite advanced(KEPCO
(KEPCO Transmmision)
and Distribution)
KEPCO has
enough ability to invest the huge project.
Acquired DATA Acquired DATA
DNP 3.0 DNP 3.0 DNP 3.0
ICCP※ RTU Share

※ Inter Control center Communication Protocol

Time Synchronizer
· FEP1 VPS
·
Monitor
· COT
·
MCU
Raid Cluster
· · T/S
·
Server1
· · FEP2
Gateway
Server2 · · HMI 1
HUB
History Server
·
·

HMI 1

Communication Network
OPT, Lease line, TRS, CDMA(GPRS)

Overhead S/W Underground S/W Underground CB Recloser

 Data-
Manager

Application Application
Software Software

Server Server HMI HMI COMM. COMM.

Software Software Software Software Software Software

Offline
Middleware Software

Windows Windows
Windows Windows Windows Windows Windows
Server Server

Server1 Server2 HMI1 HMI2 FEP1 FEP2 HMI

DBMS
(MS SQL)
 Distribution Control Center Regional office
Career management
Wall Server HMI Server

DLP

O&M Server

Management Web
FEP HMI
Server Browser
Web
Server

FA network
Exclusive network for
Feeder Automation OA

Regional Office FireWall

Regional Office
Server HMI Server HMI

Web Browser Web Browser

FEP History Server HMI FEP History Server HMI

 Server Management
DISTRIBUTION CONTROL CENTER
HMI Server

 41 centers control whole distribution networks

 Each DCC is connected with several DAS servers
Management FEP  Had been established from 2007 to 2009
Server

Server HMI
REGIONAL OFFICE

 Each regional office has its own DAS server

190 sever systems are connected with field devices
FEP History Server HMI  Had been established from 1999 to 2003

FIELD DEVICE

 102,009 auto switches on Dist. Network (2016)

- 9.5 switches per a feeder(57.9%)
 Network Optimization
Outage Management  Load balancing
 FLISR  Loss minimizing
 Protection Coordination  Over load release
 Power Flow Calculation  Load forecasting

Data Error Detection Training Program

 Basic control
 FLISR simulation
STATUS IN KOREA
Wire communication (91.3%) Wireless Communication (8.7%)
Lease Line (7.4%) CDMA (1%)
Optical Fiber (83.9%) Wireless Digital Data (3.2%)
PLC (testing) Trunked Radio System (4.6%: KEPCO)

OVERSEAS BUSINESS
Indonesia Project: GPRS / DNP 3.0
Vietnam Project: CDMA & Fiber Optic / DNP 3.0 (Feeder) & IEC60870-5-104 (Substation)
China Project: GPRS & Fiber Optic / DNP 3.0
Egypt Project: GPRS / DNP 3.0
 ※

HQ Dist. Technical Team

Dist. Research Group
RTU, Comm. Device Mid/Long Term Plan
Application Development
Development B/O’s plan Investigation
Technical Support
RTU Repair Consignment repair
Contract

Repair
Periodical
Development
RTU Manufacture Inspection R/O Dist. Technical Team Cooperation
Installation
Management/Repair

Repair Repair
Switch Manufacture
S/W Upgrade
Repair
S/W, main Sys. repair

※ KEPRI : KEPCO Research Institute